RU2390668C1 - Cylinder rope damper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building. ^ SUBSTANCE: damper consists of flexible component in form of steel rope wound along spiral. The first and the second support solid or compound plates are made with cylinder apertures or grooves, axes of which are arranged in cross planes of the support plates. Coils of the flexible rope component pass through the apertures or grooves. Radius of the coil or half-coil of the flexible rope component is made at (820) times bigger, than diametre. ^ EFFECT: reliability of operation and increased service life of damper. ^ 6 cl, 27 dwg

Description

The invention relates to protection against vibration, shock, shock and can be used in any field of technology.

Known cylindrical rope vibration isolators [1. A.S. USSR No. 1588938, class F16F 7/14, 1990. Vibroinsulator] containing an elastic element in the form of a steel rope, wound in a spiral, the first and second supporting monolithic or prefabricated plates with cylindrical holes, and through these holes the coils of the elastic element are passed.

The closest technical solution is a cylindrical rope vibration isolator [2. RF patent No. 2185548, cl. F16F 7/14 07/20/2002. Bull. No. 2. Cylindrical cable vibration isolator (prototype)].

A significant disadvantage of the known vibration isolators is the limited service life, especially with prolonged exposure to shock and shock. They cause the wire breakage of the rope directly in the end facets of the holes for the rope. This is due to the fact that during impacts and shocks, the steel rope, sharply bending, in the area of the end facets increases the contact force of the wires with the bevel edge, which leads to the accumulation of fatigue stresses of the wires, the appearance of residual deformations in them and, as a result, to wire breakage. The service life of such vibration insulators for objects that are in operation under the constant influence of shock and shock is very limited.

In addition, in the known vibration isolators of one embodiment, the turns (or half-turns) are made in a spiral, and in another embodiment, the turns (or half-turns) are made opposite to each other at the same angle of inclination relative to the vertical central axis of the vibration isolator. Moreover, in the vibration isolators made according to the second embodiment, in the central part of one of the support strips, the steel rope is placed in two adjacent holes, forming a quasi-cross.

The disadvantage of these known vibration isolators is that the stiffnesses on the respective axes differ significantly. This disadvantage also does not ensure the reliability of the vibration isolator under the influence of shock or shock, not only in the vertical, but also in any direction.

The technical result of this invention is to ensure reliability, i.e. increase in service life of a vibration isolator.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that:

1. The radius of the winding or half-winding of the elastic rope element is made (8 ÷ 20) times greater than the diameter of the rope d _to , i.e.

R _B = (8 ÷ 20) d _to

2. The end facets of the holes (entry and exit) or grooves through which the turns of the steel rope pass are rounded in the form of diffusers having the configuration of a jet nozzle with a smooth curvilinear expansion of radius R equal to

R = (0.25 ÷ 1) d _to .

3. The length L, equal to the middle cylindrical part of the hole or groove, is associated with the diameter of the rope d _{to the} formula

L = (0.25 ÷ 3) d _to .

4. The distances between the transverse holes in the support plates through which the coils are passed are made at least unequal, and as a result, the tilt angles and the number of half-turns relative to the support plates are not the same.

5. The minimum distance Imin between adjacent transverse holes or grooves in the support plates through which the turns are passed is equal to

Imin = (1,5 ÷ 2) d _to .

6. Perpendicular to the surfaces of the support plates are provided with holes for fixing means for an object with a diameter at least equal to (0,2 ÷ 0,7) in the width _P of the plate, i.e.

B = (0,2 ÷ 0,7) _VP.

7. The number of holes B for the fastening means is at least one for the upper base plate and two for the lower base plate.

8. The integral supporting elements from the side of the outer horizontal plane symmetrically to the transverse axis of the cylindrical hole for the rope are made with a recess, at least in the form of transverse grooves or a conical, cylindrical, spherical shape. The transverse grooves are also made with windows of at least a slotted shape.

These features (paragraphs 1-7) ensure reliable fixation of the steel rope in the transverse openings of the support strips (claims 3, 5), fastening the vibration isolator with the perpendicular holes of the support strips on the one hand to the vibration-insulated object, and on the other, to the base (item 6 )

The implementation of half-turns of the vibration isolator at different angles of inclination relative to the support plates provides high stability and effective seismic shock and vibration protection (paragraphs 4, 5). This is confirmed by the peculiarity of the deformation and tension of each half-turn of the steel rope of the elastic element, the supporting plates of the vibration isolator with the peculiarities of the tilt angles of the half-turns and the location of the mounting holes.

Figure 1-4 shows the integral support plate of the vibration isolator.

Figures 5 and 6 show a prefabricated support plate consisting of an outer (Fig. 5) and an inner - clamping (Fig. 6) plate.

In Fig.7-10 shows a cylindrical cable vibration isolator, where Fig.7 is a side view; Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view; Fig.9 and 10 are views from below and above, respectively.

11-14 depict examples of cylindrical rope vibration isolators with features of the angles of inclination of the half-turns and the location of the mounting holes.

On Fig-21 depicts examples of cylindrical cable vibration isolators with a cable quasi-hole in the center of the base plates of the vibration isolator, with features of the angles of inclination of the half-turns and the location of the mounting holes.

In Fig.22 shows the shape of the coil of the rope elastic element in an unloaded state, and in Fig.23, 24 - in contact and the maximum removal of the support plates under the action of impact in the respective directions.

The integral supporting elements of figures 1-4, 8-10 from the side of the outer horizontal plane symmetrically to the transverse axis of the cylindrical hole A (Figs. 1-4) under the rope are made with a recess, at least. in the form of transverse grooves F, G (figure 2), K (figure 3) or conical E (figure 1), cylindrical M (figure 4), spherical J (figure 3) shape. The transverse grooves F, G (FIG. 2) are also made with windows of at least slotted form H (FIG. 2).

On Fig presents a typical load characteristic "force - deformation" of the rope vibration isolator: 1 - tangent, determining the stiffness and natural frequency of the vibration isolator, 2 - section of low rigidity, 3 - the maximum allowable movement.

The cylindrical rope vibration isolator contains the first and second support plates 1 and 2, the elastic element 3 in the form of a steel rope (Fig.7-21). The first and second support plates 1 and 2 are made according to one embodiment, integral, shown in figures 1-4, and according to another option - prefabricated, consisting of two halves, one half - the outer plate is presented in figure 5 and the other half is the inner pressure the plate is presented in Fig.6. In the examples of cylindrical vibration isolators shown in Figs. 8-21, the support plates can be both integral and composite.

The value of the radius of the coil or half-turn of vibration isolators (Fig.7-21)

R _B = (8 ÷ 20) d _to

and the technical solution in the form of the holes A (Figs. 1-6, 8) for the steel rope 3 (Fig. 8) is justified on the basis of static and dynamic tests, as well as the experience of their use [3-5].

The end facets of the holes or grooves through which the turns of the steel rope pass are rounded in the form of diffusers (Figs. 1, 3, 4-6, 8) D having the nozzle configuration C (Figs. 1, 3, 4-6, 8, 22, 24), with smooth curvilinear expansion of radius R

R = (0.25 ÷ 1) d _to

and a length L equal to the middle cylindrical part of the hole or groove, and the formula associated with the diameter of the rope

L = (0.25 ÷ 3) d _to .

The curvature of the end parts of the holes or grooves in the form of diffusers having a nozzle configuration can be performed, for example, with a shaped cutter [6].

The characteristic of the cylindrical rope vibration isolator is not linear (Fig.25), its rigidity depends on the applied force. The main properties of a cylindrical rope vibration isolator are characterized by two sections. In the initial section (the “vibration” section - small displacements), the vibration isolator has a sufficiently high rigidity. With increasing amplitude of the impact, the stiffness of the vibration isolator decreases, as a result of which its natural frequency decreases more and more. When the shock load, the initial displacement is large (the “impact” section, Figs. 23-25), therefore, the stiffness of the vibration isolator is small and due to significant deformation, energy is absorbed. When the compression stroke of the vibration isolator reaches approximately 75% of its nominal height, the stiffness begins to increase again (Fig. 25). However, by this moment the impact acceleration had already decreased and most of the impact energy was absorbed (dissipated). In contrast to other types of vibration isolators, a rope vibration isolator has a more uniform dissipative characteristic over the entire range of permissible deformations, which can effectively reduce loads to the required limits.

Oscillatory energy from the claws of a vibroinsulated object is transmitted through the first support plate 1 (Figs. 7-10) to the turns 3 of the elastic element. Due to the friction between the steel cores of the rope, the vibrational energy is dissipated and the transfer of forces through the second support plate 2 to the foundation is reduced (“vibration” section, Fig. 25).

When impacts (Fig.23, 24) there is a sharp bend of the rope directly in the end facets of the holes (input and output) under the rope.

However, unlike analogues [1-4] in the proposed vibration isolator, due to roundings in the form of a diffuser having a jet nozzle configuration with a smooth curvilinear expansion of radius R, smooth radial contact is achieved over a certain area. Therefore, the tendency to accumulate the fatigue stresses of the wires and the appearance of residual deformations in them is reduced.

Due to the proposed orientation schemes of the coils of the elastic element relative to the strips and in space, taking into account the number of coils, other features described above and presented in figures 1-21, the vibration isolator has sufficient stability in the horizontal plane.

Given the effectiveness of vibration protection, simplicity of design and manufacturability, reliability and durability - a service life of 10 years or more, a vibration isolator is useful.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR No. 1588938, class F16F 7/14, 1990. Vibration isolator

2. RF patent No. 2185548, cl. F16F 7/14, 07/20/2002. Bull. No. 2. Cylindrical cable vibration isolator (prototype).

3. Minasyan M.A. Experience in the practical use of a spiral cable vibration isolator in ship's conditions / Engine, 1996, No. 2.

4. Minasyan M.A. Vibration isolation of the DGA 50-9 diesel generator mounted on spiral cable vibration isolators of the STV-22- / Dvigatelestroyeniye type, 1997, No. 3, p.19-21.

5. Minasyan M.A. Depreciation of ship mechanisms, instruments and equipment with cable and combined vibration isolators // Sudostroenie, 2004, No. 1, pp. 39-43.

6. Reference machine builder. Ed. Satel E.A. Volume 5, Book II. M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1964 (p. 555 - the main types of shaped mills).

Claims (6)

1. A cylindrical rope vibration isolator containing an elastic element in the form of a steel rope, wound in a spiral, the first and second supporting integral or prefabricated plates with cylindrical holes or grooves, the axes of which are located in the transverse planes of the supporting plates, and elastic coils are passed through these holes or grooves rope element, characterized in that the radius of the winding or half-winding of the elastic rope element is made (8 ÷ 20) times larger than the diameter of the rope d _to , i.e.
R _B = (8 ÷ 20) d _to . 2. The cylindrical rope vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the end facets of the holes or grooves through which the turns of the steel rope pass are rounded in the form of diffusers having the configuration of a jet nozzle with a smooth curvilinear expansion of radius R equal to
R = (0.25 ÷ 1) d _to
and a length L equal to the middle cylindrical part of the hole or groove, and associated with the diameter of the rope d _{to the} formula
L = (0.25 ÷ 3) d _to . 3. The cylindrical rope vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the distances between the transverse holes in the support plates through which the coils are passed are made at least unequal, and as a consequence, the tilt angles and the number of half coils are relatively different support plates. 4. The cylindrical rope vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum distance I _min between adjacent transverse holes or grooves in the support plates through which the turns are passed is equal to
I _min = (1,5 ÷ 2) d _to ,
while perpendicular to the surfaces of the base plates, holes are made for the means of fastening the object with a diameter of at least equal to (0.2 ÷ 0.7) of the width W _{P of the} plate, i.e.
B = (0.2 ÷ 0.7) V _P ,
and the number of holes B for the fastening means is at least one for the upper base plate and two for the lower base plate. 5. The cylindrical rope vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that the integral support elements from the side of the external horizontal plane symmetrically to the transverse axis of the cylindrical hole for the rope are made with a recess, at least in the form of transverse grooves or a conical, cylindrical, spherical shape. 6. The cylindrical rope vibration isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that the transverse grooves are made of windows, at least slotted in shape.

Images