RU2389968C1 - Method of shaped charges manufacturing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosives.

SUBSTANCE: material of shaped charge is vacuumised, shaped in vacuum and together with body material of shaped charge vacuum is broken, the mould is opened, and body with shaped charge is withdrawn, lining is installed into moulded shaped charge, inside lining puncheon is installed with surface that corresponds to surface of lining, assembly is covered with elastic shell, submerged into hydrostat, pressure in hydrostat is increased, and technological conditioning is carried out at increased pressure and temperature, pressure is reduced in hydrostat down to atmospheric pressure, assembly is withdrawn from hydrostat, and elastic shell and puncheon are removed. Material of shaped charge is vacuumised for at least 30 sec. until vacuum metre reads 650 mm of mercury column, is moulded under press in vacuum and together with body material of shaped charge under specific pressure of compaction 30…90 MPa with conditioning for 1-2 minutes, in process of compaction in hydrostat it is conditioned with assemblies at the temperature of 65±5°C for 20-30 minutes, pressure is increased in hydrostat till specific pressure of compaction from 155 to 160 MPa, and hydrostat is maintaied under pressure from 3 to 5 minutes.

EFFECT: improved quality of charges.

2 cl, 2 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to blasting and can be used in the manufacture of explosive devices.

A known method of assembling a cumulative charge, including the manufacture of a cumulative charge by pressing, and then connecting it to the housing by installing a charge in the housing (application Germany No. 3742290, publ. 22.06.89).

However, this assembly method has significant drawbacks due to the fact that when a charge is connected to the housing, a gap arises between the charge and the housing, which is almost impossible to eliminate due to its smallness and the presence of which leads to a distortion of the detonation wave front (i.e., its deviation from the axisymmetric species), resulting in a decrease in armor penetration characteristics. In addition, when the charge is connected to the housing, the problem of axial symmetry of the installation arises, which greatly complicates the assembly technology.

A known method of equipping a cumulative warhead, which consists in separately manufacturing by pressing the cumulative charge itself, installing the lining and then combining the cumulative charge with the body by the compression method in the press tool when transferring the pressing force to the punch, the value of which is selected from the condition of the required cumulative charge density (patent RF №2114378, publ. 06/27/98).

The disadvantages of the assembly method and the press tool for such an assembly method are the insufficient quality of the cumulative charge obtained due to the rigid fixation of the cumulative charge body on the pallet of the press tool, which does not allow to provide the required density along the height of the charge (i.e., to achieve the minimum density) , which in turn leads to a decrease in armor penetration characteristics. In addition, there is a difficulty in providing axisymmetric installation of the housing with a charge associated with the use of additional devices. Another disadvantage is the low manufacturability.

Closest to the proposed invention in technical essence is a method of assembling a cumulative charge, including installing the body and lining in the device, filling the composition of the cumulative charge, pressing at elevated pressure and temperature, removing the charge (RF patent 2237850, publ. 10.10.2004 - prototype).

However, the known method does not allow to achieve a minimum different density (dispersion) of charges and a high density of cumulative charges, which negatively affects its properties. The method is very dangerous and not suitable for mass equipment of cumulative charges in thin-walled and low-strength buildings.

The proposed invention solves the problem of reducing the dispersion of the density of cumulative charges, increasing the level of safety, ensuring mass production and the possibility of equipping cumulative charges in thin-walled and low-strength buildings.

The problem is solved by the method of manufacturing cumulative charges, including placing the cumulative charge material in the housing, evacuating and vacuum forming the cumulative charge material together with the housing under the press, evacuating, removing the housing with the formed cumulative charge, placement in the formed cumulative charge of the lining, placement of the punch inside the lining surface, mating surface of the cladding, coating the resulting assembly with an elastic shell, immersion in a hydrostat and pressing e, the pressing is carried out in a hydrostat at a specific pressing pressure from 155 to 160 MPa at a temperature of 65 ± 5 ° C, after which the pressure in the hydrostat is reduced to atmospheric pressure, the assembly is removed from the hydrostat, the elastic shell is removed and the punch is removed.

The cumulative charge material is evacuated for at least 30 s to a vacuum gauge of at least 650 mm Hg, molded under pressure in a vacuum and, together with the housing, the cumulative charge material under a specific pressing pressure of 30-90 MPa with a holding time of 1-2 minutes, before By pressing in a hydrostat, the assemblies are held at a temperature of 65 ± 5 ° C for 20 to 30 minutes, and pressing in a hydrostat is carried out from 3 to 5 minutes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In the conditions of large-scale production, the manufacture of a cumulative charge by the method of extrusion in a press tool is possible only using multi-seat devices.

As you know, the value of the charge density is directly proportional to the mass of the explosive material sample and inversely proportional to the volume of the cumulative charge. But the mass and volume of the formed charge have certain differences in their values. The mass of the cumulative charge depends on the accuracy of weighing and tolerance on the weight of the sample, and the volume of the charge depends on the accuracy of the manufacture of the forming profile of the body and the constituent elements of the press tool. When using a multi-seat device for the manufacture of a cumulative charge by extrusion on press equipment, the pressing force is rigidly applied by the press traverse directly to all punches of the press tools. Due to the fact that the mass of the sample and the forming volumes of the press tools have certain differences in their values, there is an uneven distribution of the total pressing pressure between the press tools. That is, the formed charges from the material experience different specific pressing pressures, which directly determines the gradient in the density values.

Known technical solutions do not provide the required average density of cumulative charges, have increased danger and are not technologically advanced, which does not allow them to be used for mass equipment of cumulative charges in buildings, including thin-walled and low-strength ones. The proposed invention solves the problem of reducing the dispersion of the density of cumulative charges, increasing the level of safety and ensuring mass production, as well as providing the possibility of equipping cumulative charges in thin-walled and low-strength buildings. The problem is solved as follows.

In the manufacture of cumulative charges, the body and material of the cumulative charge are placed in a cartridge-type mold, i.e. with a large number of small molds on one countertop and small punches connected to one movable pressing plate. The mold is closed with a lid with seals and vacuum for at least 30 s to a vacuum gauge of at least 650 mm Hg The cumulative charge material is molded under pressure in a vacuum and together with the casing under a specific pressing pressure of 30-90 MPa (300-900 kg / cm ² ) with holding for 1-2 minutes. Equalize the pressure to atmospheric, open the form and remove the shell with cumulative charges.

Next, the cladding is inserted into the shaped charge, the punch with the surface, the counter surface of the cladding is inserted into the cladding, the assembly is covered with an elastic shell and immersed in a hydrostat with a working fluid (water, distilled water, etc.) heated to 65 ± 5 ° С. Withstand the hydrostat with assemblies at a temperature of 65 ± 5 ° C for 20 to 30 minutes. The pressure in the hydrostat is increased to a specific pressing pressure from 155 to 160 MPa (1550 to 1600 kgf / cm ² ) and the hydrostat is kept under pressure from 3 to 5 minutes. Reduce the pressure in the hydrostat to atmospheric, remove the assembly from the hydrostat and remove the elastic shell and punch.

The result is a cumulative charge with a given final density and cladding, equipped in the body of the product. When using this method, the pressing pressure from the working medium is applied directly to each punch to seal the material. At the same time, pressure from the working medium is also transmitted to the external volumetric compression of the housing. This does not lead to an uneven distribution of the pressing pressure between the generated charges, provides stable-equal values of the average densities of all cumulative charges, and allows you to equip cumulative charges in thin-walled and low-strength cases.

Concrete example

Cumulative charges are made in military elements like ZKPO or ZKPM with a cumulative charge material based on HMX or RDX.

For manufacturing, use the mold according to figure 1, on which 1 is the base, 2 is the lid, 3 is the insert, 4 is the guide, 5 is the punch, 6 is the limiter, 7 is the cumulative material, 8 is the body of the cumulative charge, 9 is seal.

Pressing charges is as follows. A cover 2 is attached to the upper plunger of the press, into which a hose is mounted from the vacuum line. The mold is fixed on the bottom table of the press, centering with the cover 2. Insert 3 is installed in each hole of the base 1. A seal is installed in the groove of the base 1 (O-ring) 9. A stop 6 is installed in the center of the base 1. A housing 8 is installed in each insert 3. A guide 4 is installed on each case 8. Using a funnel installed in the guide hole 4, a sample of cumulative material is filled in 7. The punches 5 are installed in the guide hole 4. Turn on the press and lower the cover 2 to the base 1 to the mark, which determines the sealing of the pressing cavity by means of a sealing ring 9. Vacuum the pressing cavity for at least 30 seconds (in this case, the gauge should be at least 650 mm Hg). Create a specific pressing pressure of 30-90 MPa. Turn off the vacuum line. It is kept under pressure for 1-2 minutes (in this case, the pressure drop should be no more than 0.3 MPa). Relieve pressure and raise the upper plunger with a cover 2. Remove 4 punches from the guides 5. Remove the guides from the bodies 8 4. Remove from the inserts 3 the bodies 8 with the charges 7 formed in them.

The press tool is assembled according to FIG. 2, in which 7 is a cumulative charge, 8 is a curb case, 10 is a cone, 11 is a lining, 12 is a shell.

Using a cotton-gauze swab or gauze, carefully wipe each cone 10. A hydrostat (not shown) is heated with steam to a temperature of 65 ± 5 ° C. Check by touch the quality of the fit of the shells 12 to the equipped body 8. Immerse the assembly in a hydrostat filled with water, the temperature of which is 65 ± 5 ° C, and set the required level of the working fluid. Withstand the hydrostat with assemblies at a temperature of 65 ± 5 ° C for 20 to 30 minutes. The pressure in the hydrostat is increased to a specific pressing pressure from 155 to 160 MPa. The hydrostat is kept under pressure for 3 to 5 minutes, reduced to atmospheric pressure and the hydrostat is disassembled. Hydrostat assemblies are removed. Remove from each shell equipped 8 shell 12, then the cone 10.

As a result, the dispersion of the average density of cumulative charges is reduced by 5 times compared with the prototype. Due to the absence of elevated temperatures during the formation of cumulative charges and due to the use of a hydrostat with water, the level of production safety is increased. Through the use of molds with small molds and punches, mass production is ensured.

The application of the proposed method will solve the problem of reducing the dispersion of the density of the cumulative charges, increase the level of safety and ensure mass production, and also allow equipping the cumulative charges in thin-walled and low-strength buildings.

Claims (2)

1. A method of manufacturing cumulative charges, comprising placing the cumulative charge material in the housing, evacuating and vacuum forming the cumulative charge material together with the housing under the press, unpacking, removing the housing with the shaped cumulative charge, placing the cladding in the shaped charge, placing the punch inside the cladding with surface, the mating surface of the cladding, coating the resulting assembly with an elastic shell, immersion in a hydrostat and pressing, while press Contents carried out in a hydrostat at a specific compacting pressure of 155 to 160 MPa at a temperature of 65 ± 5 ° C, then reduce the pressure to atmospheric hydrostat is recovered from the hydrostatic assembly, the elastic sheath is removed and recovered punch. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cumulative charge material is evacuated for at least 30 s until the vacuum gauge is at least 650 mm Hg, molded under pressure in a vacuum and, together with the housing, the cumulative charge material under a specific pressing pressure of 30- 90 MPa with holding for 1-2 minutes, before pressing in a hydrostat, the assemblies are kept at a temperature of 65 ± 5 ° С for 20 to 30 minutes, and pressing in a hydrostat is carried out for 3 to 5 minutes.

Images