RU2389643C2 - Aircraft ramp door - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in aircraft engineering and can be used for boarding/deplaning passengers and crew. Proposed ramp door comprises covered carcass, stairs made from stationary section secured on carcass inner side and rotary section pivoted to stationary section, door opening hydraulic cylinder, folding handrail made up on inner and outer sections and mechanism to open rotary section of stairs. Ramp door carcass is pivoted to airframe with the help of bracket. Aforesaid hydraulic cylinder is secured in door carcass and pivoted to via frame via bell crank. Aforesaid bracket hinge can elevate ramp door relative to airframe. Folding handrail inner section is hinged to airframe and stationary section of stairs. Outer section of folding handrail is coupled with rotary section opening mechanism representing a lever-cable mechanism arranged in ramp door carcass.

EFFECT: simplified design, higher reliability.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The claimed technical solution relates to the field of aviation technology and can be used on aircraft for boarding and disembarking the crew and passengers.

The plane cabin ladder is known from the prior art (patent US 5143324, publ. 09/01/1992, B64C 1/24), built into the aircraft fuselage and designed to connect the aircraft fuselage and the surface of the parking lot, including a frame with steps. When folded, the ladder is located under the floor of the cockpit. When unfolding the ladder, its frame extends from there along the guides, and then rotates to the working position, and during the rotation of the frame, the steps open. The ladder frame includes at least the end segment and the main segment, each of which has trussed beams telescopically connected to each other, and many steps movably mounted in the segment region so that the steps slide freely in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the ladder so that the steps are equally oriented to each other both in the extended and in the assembled state of the sliding stringers, and so that the plane of the steps remained oriented with respect to the truss beams in both the extended and the assembly present position.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that this design does not perform the function of a door, but is only a ladder for entry or exit.

A door is also known (patent US 4176812, publ. 04.12.1979, B64C 1/24, B64C 1/14) having an external panel corresponding to the shape of the aircraft at the location of this door, and an internal structure in the form of steps. The door can move between a closed position in which the upper edge of the door panel is adjacent to the upper edge of the door opening and an open position in which the door panel is substantially in the wing area and in which the upper edge of the door plane is adjacent to the upper surface wing and is located outside the fuselage. When the door is in the open position, the steps form a gangway leading from the fuselage and from the aircraft to the upper surface of the wing.

The disadvantage of this door is that its design is not folding, so it occupies an increased volume inside the aircraft.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a gangway for an aircraft (AS SU 199673, publ. 08/13/1967, B64C 1/14), containing a sheathed frame, steps made of a stationary section fixed to the inside of the frame, and a swivel section pivotally connected to the stationary section. Door opening hydraulic cylinder fixed in the fuselage. The folding handrail is made of a telescopic tube, the outer section of which is fixed on the fuselage, and the inner section is extended and attached with locks to the walls of the hinged section of the door-ladder. The mechanism for opening the rotary section of the steps is interlocked with the hydraulic cylinder and includes a hydraulic cylinder with a spring, a drum with coils on which cables are wound in the opposite direction, one end of which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder rod and the other to the spring. The frame of the door-ladder is pivotally connected to the fuselage bracket.

The disadvantage of this door is the structural complexity of the manufacture and use of the structure.

The objective of the claimed technical solution is to develop a design combined with a ladder door, providing entry and exit from the aircraft, which allows you to do without the use of ladders and supports and while saving space inside the aircraft. In this case, the design should be used both for regular landing at the airport, and in the event of an emergency landing.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the door-ramp of the aircraft contains a sheathed frame, steps made of a stationary section mounted on the inside of the frame, and a pivot section hinged to the stationary section, a door opening hydraulic cylinder, a folding handrail made of internal and the outer sections, and the opening mechanism of the rotary section of the stairs, while the frame of the door-ladder is pivotally connected to the fuselage bracket.

New in the claimed technical solution is that the door opening cylinder is fixed in the door frame and pivotally connected through the two-arm lever to the fuselage, and the hinge of the bracket for attaching the door-ladder to the fuselage is made with the possibility of lifting the door-ladder relative to the fuselage, while the inner section of the folding handrail pivotally connected to the fuselage and the stationary section of the steps, and the outer section of the folding handrail is connected to the opening mechanism of the rotary section, which is made in the form of a lever-cable mechanism, size schennogo in the frame entrance stairs.

The lever-rope mechanism includes two pairs of rollers installed in the door frame, the rims of each pair of which are connected by cables, a shaft on which the first rollers of each pair are rigidly fixed, and the rollers of the first pair are made of a smaller diameter than the rollers of the second pair, a slider coupled to the cable of the first pair of rollers and pivotally with a rod, the other end of which is connected to the rack of the inner section of the handrail, while the second roller of the first pair is rigidly connected to the rotary section of the steps, and the second roller of the second pair is rigidly connected to the section second collapsible handrail.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to simplify the design of the door with a ladder and increase its reliability, while providing entry and exit from the aircraft, without the use of ladders and supports, saving space inside the aircraft, in addition, the claimed technical solution can be used as a standard landing at the airport, and in the event of an emergency landing.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by the drawings:

figure 1 - lever cable mechanism (door-ladder in the open position);

figure 2 - lever mechanism (door-ladder in the open position);

figure 3 - door-ladder in the closed position;

figure 4 - hinge bracket mounting the door-ladder to the fuselage;

5 - door-ladder open position (outside view).

The door-ladder includes a sheathed frame 1, steps made of a stationary section 2, mounted on the inner side of the frame, and a pivoting section 8, pivotally connected to the stationary section, a hydraulic cylinder for opening the door 6, a folding handrail 7 made of the inner 4 and outer 5 sections , and the mechanism for opening the rotary section of the steps. The frame of the door-ladder is pivotally connected to the fuselage bracket 24.

The door-ladder is located in the bow of the fuselage on the port side. In the closed position, the door is kept from moving by 18 T-shaped locks 3 located along the door contour with a pitch of 250-300 mm and is sealed for reliability by two sealing hoses, one of which is placed on the door and the other on the fuselage.

The regular opening of a door with a ladder from inside the cabin is made by the door control handle located on the left side of the board, which through the electric switch uses the hydraulic cylinder 6, which is pivotally connected to the fuselage by a two-arm lever. The hydraulic cylinder 6 raises the door with a ladder up to 20-35 mm, to unlock the T-locks, after which the door is opened. In this case, the door mounting bracket 24, moving along the fuselage bracket 25, from the "locked door, gangway removed" position (Fig. 4a) goes into the "unlocked position" (Fig. 4b), after which the door bracket 24, rotating relative to the fuselage bracket 25 , from the "unlocked position" (fig.4b) goes into the position "gangway released" (figv).

Moving, the door-ladder by means of a thrust 9, which is fixed at one end in the fuselage, and a rack 21 mounted on the door, moves the thrust 14, which drives the slider 11.

The opening of the rotary section by 180 ° and the installation of the folding handrail is carried out by the opening mechanism of the rotary section, which is made in the form of a lever-cable mechanism located in the frame of the door-ladder. The lever-cable mechanism includes two pairs of rollers 19, 18 and 16, 12, the rims of each pair of which are connected by cables 13, 15, rod 14 and slider 11.

Moving along the guides located on the door, the slider 11 moves the cable 15, which drives a pair of rollers 19, 18. A rotary section 8 is installed on the same shaft with the roller 18, which rotates 180 ° clockwise with the roller 18 from the folded position open position. In the open position, the steps of the rotary and stationary sections form a single ladder.

A roller 16 is fixed on one shaft with a roller 19, which is larger in diameter than the roller 19. Rotating, the roller 19 transmits rotational movement to the roller 16, which, using the cable 13, drives the roller 12, on which the rack 20 is fixed by the outer section of the folding handrail.

Rising, racks 20, 21, 22, 23 install a folding handrail, the inner section 4 of which is connected to the fuselage 17 and the racks 22, 21 with the door frame. The outer section 5 of the folding handrail is connected by the strut 20 to the roller 12 of the opening mechanism of the rotary section.

The pair of rollers 19, 18 is made of a smaller diameter than the pair 12, 16. Due to the difference in the diameters of the rollers, the rotary section is rotated 180 °, while the sections of the folding handrail are rotated 90 °, occupying a perpendicular position relative to the steps.

To prevent a sharp lowering of the door with a ladder, in case of failure of the hydraulic system, a hydraulic damper is additionally built into the hydraulic cylinder.

The door with the ladder is closed by the reverse movement of the handle, the electric switch activates the hydraulic cylinder 6. The hydraulic cylinder begins to compress and, using the two-arm lever 10, raises the door with the ladder. When lifting the door-ladder, the rod 14, moving, moves the slider 11, which drives the cable 15. When moving the cable 15, the rollers 19, 18 begin to rotate, folding the rotary section of the ladder to its original position. In this case, the roller 19 rotates counterclockwise, rotating the roller 16. Through the cable 13, the rotational movement of the roller 16 is transmitted to the roller 12, on which the rack 20 is fixed.

Thus, the rod 9 lowers the racks 21 and 22, and the roller 12 - the rack 20, folding sections of the folding handrail.

The closed door is lowered down by 20-35 mm, locking the locks 3, and is additionally fixed in this position by a second turn of the door control handle with the simultaneous activation of the hose pressurization.

The swivel section has support rollers to reduce friction on the ground when moving the ladder.

When using the door as an emergency exit, the door with the ladder opens out under the influence of weight without opening the pivot section and the railing, creating a smooth sloping surface for the evacuation of passengers.

The design of the door combined with the ramp provides entry and exit from the aircraft, eliminates the need for attached ladders and supports, while saving space inside the aircraft. At the same time, the design of the door-ladder is used both for a standard landing at the aerodrome, and in the event of an emergency landing.

The claimed technical solution can be made at the enterprise of the aviation industry and used on aircraft for boarding and disembarking the crew and passengers.

Claims (2)

1. An aircraft ladder door comprising a sheathed frame, steps made of a stationary section fixed to the inside of the frame, and a pivot section hinged to the stationary section, a door opening hydraulic cylinder, a folding handrail made of internal and external sections, and a mechanism for opening the rotary section of the steps, while the skeleton of the door-ladder is pivotally connected to the fuselage bracket, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder for opening the door is fixed in the frame of the door and pivotally connected through two the main lever with the fuselage, and the hinge of the bracket for attaching the door-ladder to the fuselage is made with the possibility of lifting the door-ladder relative to the fuselage, while the inner section of the folding handrail is pivotally connected to the fuselage and the stationary section of the steps, and the outer section of the folding handrail is connected to the mechanism for opening the rotary section , which is made in the form of a lever-rope mechanism located in the frame of the door-ladder. 2. The door-ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever-cable mechanism includes two pairs of rollers installed in the door frame, the rims of each pair of which are connected by cables, a shaft on which the first rollers of each pair are rigidly fixed, and the rollers of the first pair are made smaller diameter than the rollers of the second pair, the slider coupled to the cable of the first pair of rollers and pivotally with a rod, the other end of which is connected to the rack of the inner section of the handrail, while the second roller of the first pair is rigidly connected to the rotary section of the steps, and the second roller is sec The second pair is rigidly connected to the folding handrail section.

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