RU2385771C1 - Thin-layer separator of polymineral hydraulic suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining, namely to enrichment equipment, and may be used to separate finely dispersed fraction of precious component, for instance gold from hydraulic suspension produced in process of metal-bearing sands tossing. Thin-layer separator of polymineral hydraulic suspension comprises body in the form of long shell arranged at the angle to horizontal plane filled with sets of plates parallel to each other and axis of shell, sections assembled into two groups in the form of sections with mutual turn of adjacent sections plates into opposite direction versus vertical axis, inlet nozzle installed in upper part of body, and outlet nozzles installed in lower part, catching pockets. At the side of upper end body is equipped with hatch, and system of links with holes arranged perpendicularly to axis of body between inlet nozzle and sets of plates, screening cover installed over catching pockets with clearance versus walls of shell. Sections are equipped with sealing gaskets along end perimetre. Plates are arranged as doubled and arranged one under another and joined to each other by means of dead end links. Upper plates are arranged with holes, and catching pockets are formed by transverse partitions arranged in V-shaped channel installed under sections along bottom of body with the possibility of longitudinal displacement versus the latter. Holes of adjacent links are arranged with shift versus each other. Doubled plates are arranged as honeycomb, for instance by means of extrusion from polycarbonate.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of polymineral hydraulic suspension separation, and also improved reliability of operation.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining, and in particular to mineral processing equipment, and can be used to isolate a finely divided fraction of a valuable component, for example, gold from a hydraulic suspension formed during washing of metal-bearing sands.

A thin-layer separator is known that implements a method for separating a solid phase from a hydraulic suspension, consisting of a body in the form of a longitudinal shell, located at an angle to the horizontal plane, filled with sets of plates parallel to each other and the axis of the shell, assembled in two groups with mutual rotation of the plates of adjacent groups in opposite side relative to the vertical axis (US patent No. 4172789, CL. B01D 21/08, 1979).

This device is designed to separate the hydraulic suspension into a clarified liquid and a condensed solid phase product as a whole, but does not allow to isolate narrow fractions by particle density.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is a thin-layer separator, consisting of a body in the form of a longitudinal shell, located at an angle to the horizontal plane, filled with sets of plates parallel to each other and the axis of the shell, assembled in two groups in the form of sections with a mutual spread of adjacent plates sections in opposite directions relative to the vertical axis, the inlet pipe installed in the upper part of the housing, the outlet pipes installed in the lower part and catching ryman installed along the bottom of the hull (RU No. 2248848, B03B 5/68 from 10/27/2003, published. 03/27/2005 Bull. No. 9).

A disadvantage of the known solution is the insufficient separating ability for thin classes of polymineral hydraulic suspension caused by stratified (two-layer) movement of flows in a thin-layer space: a clarified liquid forms in the upper part between the plates, the sediment layer in the lower part, and the clarified layer relative to the body has a longitudinal movement, the sediment is transverse. At the boundary of the separation of these flows, a dynamic layer arises, which reduces the effect of gravity - the basis of thin-layer devices. A similar dynamic layer occurs when a localized sediment moves along the bottom of the hull. In addition, the diffuser transition of the initial hydraulic suspension at the entrance to the cavity of the thin-layer space leads to a turbulent redistribution of flows between the channels, which also disrupts the gravitational process. Also, the installation of catch pockets rigidly attached to the separator body makes it difficult to unload, clean, control, adjust, and lead to blockage of the output channels by a large fraction.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation of polymineral hydraulic suspension and reliability in operation.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that a thin-layer separator of a polymineral hydraulic suspension containing a body in the form of a longitudinal shell, located at an angle to the horizontal plane, filled with sets of plates parallel to each other and the axis of the shell, assembled in two groups in the form of sections with mutual rotation of the plates of adjacent sections in opposite directions relative to the vertical axis, the inlet pipe installed in the upper part of the housing and the outlet pipes installed in the lower part, catching pockets, characterized in that the housing on the upper end side is provided with a hatch and a jumper system with openings mounted perpendicular to the housing axis between the inlet pipe and the plate sets, a shielding overlap installed over the catch pockets with a gap relative to the shell walls, and the sections are equipped with sealing gaskets along the end perimeter, the plates are made double, located one below the other and interconnected by blind end bridges, and the upper plates are made with holes and catch pockets are formed by transverse partitions located in a V-shaped channel mounted under sections along the bottom of the housing with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the latter.

The thin-layer separator is also characterized in that the openings of adjacent jumpers are offset relative to each other.

The thin-layer separator is also characterized in that the double plates are made honeycomb, for example, by extrusion from polycarbonate.

The installation of the hatch from the upper end side together with the location of the catch pockets in the form of transverse partitions in a V-shaped channel installed under sections along the bottom of the body with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the latter, makes it possible to bring out a system that captures a valuable component and provides free access to it with subsequent unloading, cleaning, control, adjustment, which generally increases the reliability of the separator.

A system of jumpers with holes installed perpendicular to the axis of the housing between the inlet pipe and the plate sets dampens the kinetic energy of the flow and equalizes its speed before entering a thin-layer space.

A shielding overlap installed above the catch pockets separates different-velocity flows, reflects the penetration of a large fraction into the V-shaped channel, and the gap between the screen and the walls of the shell provides free passage of a finely dispersed sedimentary layer to the lower local zone of the bottom.

The supply of sections with sealing gaskets along the end perimeter, the execution of the plates doubled one above the other, their connection with each other with a blind end bridge and the presence of holes in the upper plate together isolates multidirectional flows in a thin-layer space.

Thus, stabilization of flows, isolation of multidirectional and different-velocity layers in the channels leads to a decrease in hydrodynamic perturbations in the thin-layer space and, consequently, to an increase in the efficiency of the separator for separating thin classes from a hydraulic suspension.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the separator; figure 2 is a view of figure 1; figure 3 is a section of honeycomb channels in cross section; figure 4 is a system of honeycomb channels in a perspective view; figure 5 - the bottom of the housing in cross section (enlarged).

A thin-layer separator of a polymineral hydraulic suspension (Fig. 1) consists of a housing 1 made in the form of a longitudinal shell of square cross section (possible options are round, diamond-shaped) installed at an angle β to a horizontal plane filled with sections 2 consisting of a system of parallel plates 3 and assembled into two groups. Each group of plates is deployed relative to each other and forms an angle α to the vertical plane. The input branch pipe 4 of the initial power supply and the hatch 5, for example, hinged, are connected to the housing from the side of the upper end, and pipes 6 are connected to the lower end for discharge and 7 for condensed product. Under the sections along the bottom of the case there is a V-shaped channel 8 with pockets in the form of transverse partitions, sliding out through the hatch 5 to the outside and overlapping in the form of a screen 9. The screen 9 and the thin-layer sections 2 relative to the walls of the shell have a gap d. Sections 2 along the end perimeter are equipped with sealing gaskets 10. Inside the housing in its upper part between the inlet pipe 4 and the thin-layer section 2, a system of overlaps 11 with holes is installed perpendicular to the axis of the housing, and the holes of one overlap are shifted relative to another adjacent.

Sections (figure 2) are made of double plates 12 and 13 with blind end bridges 14, and the upper plate 12 is provided with holes 15.

Double plates (figure 2, 3) can be made in the form of a flat system of channels 16 honeycomb shape, for example, by extrusion from polycarbonate.

Thin-layer separator operates as follows. The initial power in the form of a polymineral hydraulic suspension enters through the inlet pipe 4 into the separator cavity. Transverse overlaps quench the kinetic energy of the flow, distributing and equalizing its velocity over the entire cross-section of the housing 1 (Fig. 1). Next, the flow passes into sections 2 in a thin-layer space between the twin plates 12 and 13 (figure 2). The solid phase of the hydraulic suspension under the influence of gravity settles on the plate 12, and the formed precipitate sliding on the plate 12 passes through the holes 15 into the space between the double plates 12 and 13. This space is isolated from the longitudinal flow by the end bridges 14. The plates 12 with holes 15 and jumpers 14 allow you to separate multidirectional flows. The sedimentary layer from the space of the double plates slides onto the walls of the housing and then through the gap d (Fig. 1) enters the bottom of the V-shaped channel 8 with pockets of transverse partitions. In the process of moving the sediment along the V-shaped channel 8 due to particle segregation, the heavy fraction penetrates deep into the layer and settles in the pockets, and the lighter fraction goes down to the discharge nozzle 7. The clarified liquid phase is discharged out through the nozzle 6. Angle α allows the sedimentary layer to slip along the plates and walls of the shell, angle β - along the bottom. Unloading, cleaning pockets is carried out periodically after the power is cut off by pulling the V-channel out through the hatch 5, followed by, for example, washing. The screen 9 separates the flows of the initial hydraulic suspension and sediment, and also reflects the penetration of a large fraction into the cavity of the V-shaped channel. Similarly, the separator works in the case of double plates in the form of a honeycomb channel system (figure 4).

The proposed technical solution allows to increase the depth of extraction of a heavy valuable component by fine and fine fractions, contained, for example, in a hydraulic suspension washing gold-bearing sands in placer deposits, and to bring the level of extraction of particles of the class - 0.1 + 0.005 mm to 88 ... 93%. At the same time, the separator removes the solid phase from the process water, reducing its content by 100 ... 150 times, which allows up to 80 ... 85% of the water to be returned to circulation.

Claims (3)

1. A thin-layer separator of a polymineral hydraulic suspension containing a body in the form of a longitudinal shell, located at an angle to the horizontal plane, filled with sets of plates parallel to each other and the axis of the shell, assembled in two groups in the form of sections with mutual rotation of the plates of adjacent sections in opposite directions relative to the vertical axis, the inlet pipe installed in the upper part of the housing, and the outlet pipes installed in the lower part, catching pockets, characterized in that the housing on the side the upper end is equipped with a hatch and a jumper system with holes installed perpendicular to the housing axis between the inlet pipe and the plate sets, a shielding overlap installed over the catch pockets with a gap relative to the shell walls, and the sections are equipped with sealing gaskets along the end perimeter, the plates being made double, located one below the other and interconnected by blind end bridges, the upper plates being made with holes, and catch pockets are connected by transverse partitions located in a V-shaped channel installed under sections along the bottom of the body with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the latter. 2. A thin-layer separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings of adjacent jumpers are offset relative to each other. 3. The thin-layer separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the double plates are made honeycomb, for example, by extrusion from polycarbonate.

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