RU2383702C2 - Connecting device for connection of two curb elements - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: application describes connecting device (10), which is intended for connection of two curb elements (50), preferably for connection of connecting crossbars (56) of beam curb system or for connection of frame elements of frame curb system, and having bearing element (12), two clamping elements (14, 16), at least one of which is installed with the possibility of rotation around according axis (S) of rotation, and driving device (20, 22), which is intended for rotation of at least one clamping element and having at least one eccentric (20) with circumferential surface (22), which is installed on bearing element with the possibility of rotation around according axis (D) of rotation. According to invention, axis (D) of rotation of eccentric (20) is perpendicular to axis (S) of rotation of at least one clamping element, and circumferential surface (22) of eccentric (20) interacts with clamping element so that rotation of eccentric (20) is accompanied with turn of clamping element (14, 16).

EFFECT: provision of efficient joint.

15 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a connecting device for connecting two formwork elements, mainly for connecting the connecting beams of the beam formwork system or for connecting the frame elements of the frame formwork system, and having a supporting element, two clamping elements, at least one of which is rotatably mounted around the corresponding axis of rotation, and a drive device designed to rotate at least one clamping elements, having at least least one second eccentric circumferential surface of which is mounted on the support member pivotably about a respective pivot axis.

A connecting device of the type indicated above is known, for example, from EP 0369197 A1. The connecting device described in this publication is intended for interconnecting two shuttering boards having perimeter edge profiles, especially hollow profiles. To this end, such a known connecting device has two rotary clamping jaws that rotate when the lever is rotated. This lever is equipped with an eccentric, the axis of rotation of which is parallel to the axis of rotation of both clamping cams. When the lever is rotated, its eccentric part abuts against the supporting element or holder of the connecting device, as a result of which the rotary support of the lever is displaced in the direction perpendicular to the formwork panel. The rotary support of the lever is located on the lateral parts of both clamping cams and therefore its movement is accompanied by the rotation of the clamping cams.

One of the disadvantages of such a connecting device is its relatively complex design. Thus, in particular, a precise fit to each other of the swing arm of the lever and the lateral parts of the clamping jaws is necessary. Such a design does not have high operational reliability, since contamination of its moving parts in one another can lead to deterioration or disruption of its performance.

Another disadvantage of this known connecting device is the partially difficult access to the lever for clamping the jaws. So, in particular, for applying the force necessary for its rotation to the lever, there is only a narrow gap between the formwork panel and the lever. Therefore, the application to the lever of the force necessary for its rotation is substantially difficult. You have to face the same problem when expanding the connecting device. In this case, it is also difficult for the worker to apply the force necessary to loosen the connecting device using simple means, for example, only using a hammer.

In addition to a connecting device of this type, other connecting devices are also known in the art, for example, from EP 0 311 876 A2. The connecting device described in this publication uses a wedge to rotate the clamping jaws. This method of actuating the clamping jaws is the most common, but also has a number of disadvantages associated with the inconvenience of working with such a connecting device on a construction site.

So, in particular, in such connecting devices it is very difficult to drive in wedges above the head, for example at the level of overlap, since the wedge must be inserted and hammered from above. It is impossible for a worker to do this without stairs or scaffolding.

Another disadvantage of such a common solution is that the connecting device consists of at least two parts, namely the connecting device itself and the wedge driven into it. It is the wedges that can be easily lost, which increases the cost of such a connecting device. In addition, the need to operate with several parts on a construction site also, as is obvious, creates inconvenience.

Based on the foregoing, the present invention was based on the task of improving the connecting device of the type indicated at the beginning of the description, simplifying its use on the construction site and, in addition, reducing its cost.

This problem with respect to the connecting device of the type indicated at the beginning of the description is solved due to the fact that the axis of rotation of the eccentric is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of at least one clamping element, and the circumferential surface of the eccentric interacts with the clamping element so that the rotation of the eccentric is accompanied by the rotation of the clamping element.

In other words, the eccentric in working condition is parallel to the formwork panel and is easily accessible from the front so that the worker can hit him with a hammer. When the eccentric is rotated, its circumferential surface directly acts or presses the rotary clamping element, which, as a result, is automatically actuated. However, there is no rigid connection between the cam and the clamping element.

Such a connecting device has an extremely simple design and therefore requires a relatively small cost for its manufacture. In addition, it has high reliability in operation and is not sensitive to pollution, which allows to guarantee its proper functioning even in the most adverse conditions.

Another advantage of the connecting device proposed in the invention is that it is made in the form of a single unit and therefore the worker needs to operate with it as with only one part. Thanks to this, work with such a connecting device is simplified and accelerated, which in turn provides economic advantages, since the main work in assembling frame formwork is to install and tighten the connecting devices.

In one embodiment, the at least one eccentric has at least one protrusion that is oriented in the direction of the axis of rotation of the eccentric and is designed to allow manual application of torque to the eccentric.

In other words, an element in the form of a bar is provided on the eccentric, respectively, in a more general case, a surface is provided that protrudes forward and serves as a working surface on which you can hit with an appropriate tool, i.e. represents a surface designed for perception of shock load. It is more preferable to provide several such protrusions on the eccentric.

The advantage of this option is to further simplify the work with the connecting device proposed in the invention. Such a connecting device, first of all, allows the worker, when installing the connecting device at the floor level, to do without stairs or scaffolds, since the protrusion provided on the eccentric is easily accessible from the front. This is a significant difference from connecting devices with wedges that need to be inserted and driven in from above.

In a further preferred embodiment, the eccentric has an eccentricity in which the eccentric is self-braking while holding the clamping element in the position in which it is clamped on the formwork element.

The advantage of this embodiment is that the clamp provided by the connecting device remains stable and reliable even when the vibration that occurs during concreting is transmitted to the connecting device.

In another preferred embodiment, one of the two clamping elements is fixedly mounted on the supporting element, and the other clamping element is made rotatable.

The advantage of this option, which relates to the connecting devices used to connect the frame elements of the frame formwork system, is the simple design of such connecting devices.

In general, several formwork systems are known in construction, the most common of which are frame and beam formwork systems. In frame formwork systems, which are mainly used for concreting walls and ceilings, their basis is formed by frame elements consisting of a frame firmly welded at the factory and a formwork panel fixed to it. The frames of such frame elements are made, for example, from hollow profiles, in the walls of which grooves are provided, for the walls of which the clamping elements engage. To connect two such frame elements, the connecting device is placed on adjacent profiles of two adjacent frame elements and clamped on them. As a result, both frame elements are firmly connected or pulled together.

The beam formwork element, which is used for concreting walls, columns or ceilings, consists of formwork beams, usually wooden, to which the formwork board is attached. Formwork beams, respectively, their elements are connected to each other with crossbar elements, respectively, connecting crossbars.

In a further preferred embodiment, both clamping elements are rotatably mounted on the carrier, and two eccentrics are rotated independently of each other, each of which is operatively connected respectively to one of the clamping elements.

Such a connecting device can be used to connect the connecting beams of the beam formwork system. In this case, both clamping elements interact with the pins removably or non-removably fixed on the connecting crossbars of the beam formwork elements.

A significant advantage of such a connecting device for beam formwork systems is that its operation is based on the same principle as the operation of the above-described connecting device for frame formwork systems. Thus, such connecting devices are extremely easy to handle, which is important primarily for unskilled personnel. Therefore, when using such connecting devices, errors in handling them are almost completely eliminated, which could lead to unreliable connection between two connecting crossbars.

When using the currently known connecting devices, it was necessary to place a separate element in the interconnecting connecting crossbars, which, after driving different wedges, connected both connecting crossbars to each other. In this case, wedges were required to be inserted differently, since they had to perceive either tensile or compressive forces. It was very rare to insert wedges correctly at the construction site.

Another advantage of such a connecting device for beam formwork systems also lies in the fact that when using it, it is only necessary to operate with it, due to which, first of all, the time for installing such a connecting device is reduced.

In addition, for the use of the connecting devices proposed in the invention, only minimal re-equipment of the existing beam formwork systems is required, on the connecting crossbars of which it is only necessary to fix the pins with which the clamping elements of the connecting devices interact. No other measures are required for the use of the connection devices of the invention in existing beam formwork systems.

In a further preferred embodiment, the supporting element has a supporting surface, which in the clamped state of the connecting device rests on the connecting bolt.

In other words, the connecting beams of the beam formwork system that are connected to each other, when clamping the connecting device, are attracted to this supporting surface and, as a result, are aligned in one line.

In another preferred embodiment, the supporting element of the connecting device is made of adjustable length for the possibility of changing the distance between both of its clamping elements. In this regard, it is preferable for the carrier element to provide a rail with recesses on which, with the possibility of movement, the carrier of one of the clamping elements is provided with a part of the carrier element, on which at least one protrusion is provided, which, when the connecting device is clamped, is recessed into one of these recesses by fixing the movable part of the bearing element from movement.

The advantage of these options lies in the possibility of extremely easy fitting of the connecting device for beam formwork systems to various actual conditions. So, for example, if it is necessary to connect the connecting bolts to each other with leaving an increased gap between them, the connecting device according to the invention can be adapted to this requirement by "sliding" both clamping elements or the corresponding parts of the bearing element.

The aforementioned embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention with a rail and recesses on it, which provides a kind of locking of the moving parts of the connecting device relative to each other, is only one of many possible solutions to ensure such mobility. Other possible solutions are known to those skilled in the art.

In another preferred embodiment, at least one eccentric has a recess inwardly facing its bottom radially inward on its circumferential surface.

The advantage of this option is that this recess allows you to significantly increase the possible angle of rotation of the clamping element when it is retracted into the inoperative position, which makes it easier to install the connecting device on interconnected formwork elements. The presence of such an opportunity is preferable particularly for connecting devices for beam formwork systems.

Other advantages and embodiments of the invention are discussed in the following description and are presented in the accompanying drawings.

It is obvious that the distinguishing features of the invention described above and discussed in the following description can be used not only in their specifically indicated, but in any other combinations among themselves, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Below the invention is described in more detail on the example of some variants of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show:

figure 1 - connecting device for frame formwork systems in three projections,

figure 2 is a schematic view of a frame formwork,

figure 3 is a perspective view of the connecting device shown in figure 1,

figure 4 is a schematic view of a connecting device for beam formwork systems in an expanded state,

figure 5 is a schematic view shown in figure 4 of the connecting device in a clamped or tightened state,

figure 6 - connecting device of adjustable length for beam formwork systems and

Fig.7 is a schematic view of an element of beam formwork.

The following description describes connecting devices that can be used for various formwork systems. As already mentioned above, of all formwork systems, frame and beam formwork are most often used in practice. Since the design and principle of operation of frame and beam formwork systems are well known to specialists in this field, they are not considered in more detail in the present description.

The elements of the frame formwork system consist mainly of a frame, which is made of hollow profiles and on which the formwork board is attached. Two formwork elements are connected to each other by bonding the respective adjacent frames. Beam formwork systems consist of beam elements on which a formwork board is fixed, and a connecting crossbar is fixed across parallel beams. The number of connecting crossbars depends on the purpose of the formwork element. Formwork elements are fastened together by connecting devices, which are installed on connecting crossbars located in one line.

Figure 1 shows a connecting device (also called a shuttering lock), indicated by 10. This connecting device 10 is intended for use in frame shuttering systems. In other words, the connecting device 10 serves to firmly connect to each other two adjacent hollow profiles of two elements of the frame formwork.

2, an example of such a frame formwork system is schematically shown, the two interconnected elements of which are indicated by 50. In this figure, two formwork elements 50 are shown, each of which has a frame 52 located on the edge, on which the formwork panel 53 is fixed. In the frame 52, recesses 54 are provided, used to fasten or pull together two adjacent formwork elements.

Shown in figure 1, the connecting device 10, intended for frame formwork systems, further has a supporting or supporting pipe 12 with a rectangular cross-section. Such a support pipe with a rectangular cross-section in an enlarged scale is shown in figure 3.

Two clamping blocks 14, 16 are mounted on the support pipe 12, of which the clamping block 14 (left in the drawing) is fixed to the support pipe 12, and the other clamping block 16 is mounted on the axis 18 with the possibility of rotation around the axis S. Both clamping blocks 14, 16 have clamping surfaces 36, 38 between which a recess 39 is provided. A similar construction is well known and therefore is not considered in more detail.

The rotary clamping pad 16 is U-shaped with two side portions 32 and the transverse part 34 connecting them. In the projections shown in FIG. 1, it is clearly seen that the transverse part 34 of the rotary clamp pad is located under the support tube 12, and both side parts 32 are rotatable the clamping blocks extend parallel to each other on the left, respectively, to the right of the support pipe 12 upwards and protrude beyond it from the opposite side. Another clamping block 16 consists of two identical parts that are fixedly mounted on the support pipe 12 from its left and right sides, for example, welded to it.

An eccentric 20 is mounted on the bottom side of the support tube 12, which can rotate around the axis D. The axis D runs here perpendicular to the axis S, around which the terminal block 16 can rotate. In addition, the rotation axis D in the mounted state of the connecting device extends perpendicular to the formwork panel 53 of the formwork item 50.

The eccentric 20 has a peripheral or circumferential surface 22 with which it interacts with the transverse part 34 of the clamping pad 16. In other words, when the eccentric 20 is rotated, its circumferential surface 22 comes into contact with the transverse part 34 of the clamping pad 16 and then rotates it about the S axis, in As a result, the clamping surfaces 36, 38 of both clamping blocks 14, 16 are moved towards each other, respectively, approaching each other.

The eccentric 20 is made with such an eccentricity so that in the state pressed to the transverse part of the rotary clamping block, the eccentric 20 will self-decelerate, thereby excluding the possibility of its spontaneous rotation (for example, due to vibration during concreting) and the resulting weakening of the fastening.

In addition, the eccentric must have such an eccentricity that would allow the clamping pad 16 to be moved close enough to the opposite clamping pad 14, as well as the possibility of having them wide enough to install the connecting device 10 on the frames of the interconnected opening formwork elements.

In this example, the eccentric 20 has three spokes 24 with protrusions 26 that protrude axially above the edge of the circumferential surface 22 of the eccentric. These protrusions are made with the expectation of perception by their lateral surfaces of the shock load. In accordance with this, the worker at the construction site can, by hammering sideways on the protrusions 26, apply the torque necessary for turning it to the eccentric 20.

Figures 4 and 5 show a different connecting device, indicated at 60. Unlike the connecting device 10 discussed above, this connecting device 60 serves to connect the connecting beams of the beam formwork system (shown as an example in Fig. 7). However, the principle of operation of both of these connecting devices is almost identical, and therefore their structurally and / or functionally identical elements are indicated by the same positions. Therefore, in the following description, such elements are not considered in more detail in more detail.

In principle, an eccentric is also used in the connecting device 60 for the beam formwork system, the circumferential surface of which interacts with the clamping block and can thereby rotate it about the S axis.

The connecting device 60 has, in particular, a supporting element (holder) 80, which can be made, for example, in the form of a support pipe. Obviously, it may have a different execution. On both longitudinal sides of the carrier 80, as shown in FIG. 5, is fixed along the support bar 68 with a corresponding support surface extending along the entire length of the carrier.

Two clamping blocks 14, 16 arranged mirror-symmetrically relative to each other are mounted on the carrier 80, which extend upward from the bottom of the carrier 80 and end with hook-shaped portions 64. These hook-shaped portions 64 of both clamping blocks face each other with their concave portions.

Both clamping blocks 14, 16 are also mounted on the axes 18 with the possibility of rotation on them, while the axis of their rotation in the mounted state of the connecting device runs parallel to the shuttering panel 53.

Both clamping pads 14, 16 have a pressure surface 66 cooperating with the circumferential surface 22 of the corresponding eccentric 20. As shown in FIG. 4, a total of two eccentrics 20 are mounted on the carrier 80, each of which can rotate around a respective axis D, without interfering with the rotation of the other eccentric, and each of which is functionally connected to one of the clamping pads 14, respectively, 16. When the eccentric 20 is rotated, it can thereby rotate the interacting clamping pad 14 accordingly only 16 around the S axis (on the 18 axis). Accordingly, both clamping blocks 14, 16 can be rotated independently of one another.

In such a connecting device 60, its eccentrics 20 have the same design as in the connecting device shown in Fig. 1, even if the individual design features of these eccentrics are not explicitly shown in Figs. 4 and 5. So, for example, both eccentrics 20 of the connecting device 60 also have protrusions 26, which are designed to be perceived by the lateral surfaces of the shock load.

However, unlike the eccentric 20 shown in FIG. 1 of the connecting device, both eccentrics 20 of the connecting device 60 may optionally have recesses 62 on their circumferential surfaces 22, facing their bottom radially inward. The dimensions of such recesses in the circumferential direction are consistent with the dimensions of the pressure surfaces 66 of both clamping jaws 14, 16. Such recesses 62 allow increasing the possible angle of rotation of the clamping jaws 14, 16 when they are retracted to the idle position, thereby allowing the widest possible separation of the hook sections 64 in mutually opposite sides.

Both clamping blocks 14, 16 are made with short lever-like extending parts (handles) 65, which provide the ability to rotate both clamping blocks 14, 16 manually. Both of these lever-shaped extension parts 65 are thus oriented perpendicular to the rotation axes D formed by the axes 18.

The principle of operation of such a connecting device 60 is briefly explained below.

As already indicated at the beginning of the description, in beam formwork systems, their individual elements are connected to each other by connecting crossbars. 4 and 5, such connecting bolts are indicated by 56. On these connecting bolts 56 pins 58 are fixed, which can be either fixed or removable. Such pins 58 thus make it possible to easily adapt them to the connection device according to the invention by securing them to existing connecting beams 56.

The connecting bolts 56 have a supporting surface 59, in which its supporting surface abuts the support bar 68 of the bearing element 80.

To connect two connecting bolts 56 to each other, both clamping pads 14, 16 are turned to the closed position by turning both eccentrics 20, during which the hook-shaped sections 64, moving their concave surface along the pins 58, attract them, and together with them the connecting bolts 56 to each other. As a result, the supporting surfaces 59 of both crossbars 56 are pressed against the supporting surface of the support bar 68 of the connecting device 60, thereby aligning the connecting crossbars in a single line. In addition, due to the interaction of the hook-shaped sections 64 with the pins 58, the locking bolts 56 are also secured in their longitudinal direction.

5, the connecting device 60 is shown in a clamped or tightened state.

To dismantle the connecting device 60, it is necessary to turn both eccentrics 20 in the opposite direction and in this way move the jaws 14, 16 in the opposite direction to their original (inoperative) position.

The advantage of such a connecting device 60 for beam formwork systems is that it is extremely easy to handle and does not require the use of several parts, such as wedges or other parts. In addition, it is obvious that the principle of operation of this connecting device for beam formwork systems corresponds to the principle of operation of the connecting device for frame formwork systems, which further simplifies the work with such connecting devices for unskilled personnel at the construction site.

Since the distance between the connecting connecting bolts 56 in beam formwork systems can vary, the connecting device 60 can be supplemented with an extension element that allows you to adjust the distance between the two clamping blocks 14, 16.

An example of such an extension element 70 is shown in FIG. 6. Obviously, however, other solutions are possible.

The extension element 70 has a rail 71, which in its upper longitudinal section is made with a wavy edge 72 and which, for example, can be part of the bearing element 80. Corresponding to this wavy edge 72 interacts with a correspondingly shaped wavy edge of the element 74, parallel to the rail 71. Both the wavy edges can be offset relative to each other, while the element 74 is fixed on the clamping block 14, respectively 16, and the rail 71 with a wavy edge 72 is fixed on the supporting element 80, which, however, not shown in Fig.6 .

When both wavy edges are at some distance from each other, they can be moved relative to each other in the longitudinal direction. When turning the clamping blocks 14, 16 into a tightened position, the element 74 with its wavy edge engages with the wavy edge 72 of the rail 71 and in this way secures the element 74 and the rail 71 relative to each other in the longitudinal direction.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, both clamping jaws 14, 16 are arranged to move them in the longitudinal direction (i.e., move toward and from each other). However, in principle, it is sufficient to carry out only one clamping block that is moved in the longitudinal direction.

Summarizing all of the above, it can be stated that the invention proposes an exceptionally easy-to-use connecting device, which in addition has a simple structure and thereby low cost. In addition, the operation of both connecting devices (for frame formwork systems and for beam formwork systems) is based on the same principle, which simplifies the handling of them at the construction site.

Claims (15)

1. A connecting device (10; 60) designed to connect two formwork elements (50), mainly to connect the connecting bolts (56) of the beam formwork system or to connect the frame elements of the frame formwork system, and having a supporting element (12; 80), two clamping elements (14, 16), at least one of which is mounted to rotate around the corresponding axis of rotation (S), and a drive device (20, 22) designed to rotate at least one clamping element and having at least odi n an eccentric (20) with a circumferential surface (22), which is mounted on the carrier with the possibility of rotation around the corresponding axis (D) of rotation, characterized in that the axis (D) of rotation of the eccentric (20) is perpendicular to the axis of rotation (S) of at least one clamping element, and the circumferential surface (22) of the eccentric (20) interacts with the clamping element so that the rotation of the eccentric (20) is accompanied by the rotation of the clamping element (14, 16). 2. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one eccentric (20) has at least one protrusion (26), which is oriented in the direction of the axis of rotation of the eccentric and is provided for the possibility of applying torque to the eccentric (20) manually. 3. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric (20) has an eccentricity, which ensures the self-braking of the eccentric (20) while holding the clamping element in the position in which it is clamped on the formwork element. 4. The connecting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the eccentric (20) has an eccentricity, which ensures self-braking of the eccentric (20) while holding the clamping element in the position in which it is clamped on the formwork element. 5. The connecting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the eccentric (20) has at least three spokes (24) with protrusions made on them. 6. The connecting device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one of the two clamping elements (14) is fixedly mounted on the supporting element, and the other clamping element (16) is made rotatable. 7. The connecting device according to claim 6, characterized in that both clamping elements are symmetrical in the clamping part and have two clamping surfaces and a recess between them. 8. A connecting device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that both clamping elements (14, 16) are rotatably mounted on the supporting element and two eccentrics (20) are rotated independently of each other, each of which is functionally connected respectively with one of the clamping elements. 9. The connecting device according to claim 8, characterized in that each of the two clamping elements has a hook-shaped end (64) interacting with a beam (55) removably or non-removably fixed to the connecting beam (56) of the beam formwork (55). 10. The connecting device according to claim 9, characterized in that the supporting element has a supporting surface (68), which in the clamped state of the connecting device (10) rests on the connecting bolt (56). 11. The connecting device according to claim 8, characterized in that the supporting element (80) is made of adjustable length for the possibility of changing the distance between the two clamping elements. 12. The connecting device according to claim 11, characterized in that the supporting element (80) has a rail with recesses, on which, with the possibility of movement, the bearing part of the bearing element, which carries one of the clamping elements, is provided, with at least one protrusion which is clamped the state of the connecting device is recessed into one of these recesses and in this way fixes the movable part of the bearing element from movement. 13. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of casting material. 14. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one eccentric (20) is forged. 15. The connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one eccentric (20) has a recess facing its bottom radially inward on its circumferential surface (22).

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