RU2382812C1 - Method of producing petroleum oil and environmentally safe aromatic filler material and rubber plasticisers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical engineering and can be used in oil refining. The method involves two-step solvent refining of material. On the first step the refining solvent reacts with raffinate solution from the second step to obtain a first step extraction solution and a first step raffinate solution, after solvent regeneration from which basic raffinate is obtained, and at the second step the material reacts with a portion of the extraction solution from the first step to obtain a second step raffinate solution and second step extraction solution, after solvent regeneration from which a second step extract is obtained. Environmentally safe aromatic filler material and rubber plasticiser with low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are obtained from the second portion of the first step extraction solvent after solvent regeneration.

EFFECT: obtaining mineral oil, as well as petroleum environmentally safe filler material and plasticisers with low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons used in making rubber for different purposes.

1 tbl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of chemical technology and can be used in oil refining, in particular for the production of mineral oils and environmentally friendly petroleum fillers and plasticizers with a low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (less than 2.9% by weight according to IP 346) used in the manufacture of rubber and rubber for various purposes.

State of the art

Known fillers and plasticizers of rubber and rubber, as well as methods for their preparation by two-stage extraction treatment of feedstock, for example, a softener for light and colored rubbers [1] and a method for producing petroleum softeners [2]. As the closest analogue in technical essence and essential features to the proposed method for producing petroleum oils and environmentally friendly aromatic fillers and plasticizers of rubber and rubber, that is, a prototype, the following method can be distinguished [3]. It consists of a two-stage extraction separation of raw materials, in which, at the first stage of extraction, the selective solvent interacts with the raw materials to obtain raffinate and extract solutions of the first stage and subsequent regeneration of the solvent from these solutions to obtain the base raffinate and extract of the first stage, which interacts with the second stage of extraction a new portion of a selective solvent to obtain pseudo-raffinate and extract solutions of the second stage and subsequent regeneration of -solvent solutions of these to obtain psevdorafinata and extract.

According to this method, the production of petroleum oil is carried out according to the classical one-stage purification scheme to obtain the target product — the base raffinate, and the by-product — the first stage extract, which is separated into the second extraction stage to obtain the pseudo raffinate and second stage extract, the first of which is a filler and a plasticizer rubber and rubber.

The main disadvantage of this method is the need to use a "fresh" solvent at each extraction step, which results in a high total solvent multiplicity for the raw materials to be separated, the presence of four solvent regeneration units and high specific energy consumption, which increases the cost of production.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a two-stage extraction purification of raw materials with a selective solvent, in the first stage of extraction, the selective solvent interacts with the raffinate solution of the second stage to obtain an extract solution of the first stage and a raffinate solution of the first stage, after regeneration of which the solvent gives the base raffinate, and the second stage of extraction, the raw material interacts with part of the extract solution of the first stage to obtain a raffinate solution of the second stage neither the extract solution of the second stage, after regeneration from which the solvent gives the extract of the second stage, while from the second part of the extract solution of the first stage after the regeneration of the solvent an environmentally friendly aromatic filler and plasticizer of rubber and rubber with a low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are obtained.

The main objective of the present invention is to obtain in the process of selective purification of oil raw materials (vacuum distillates and deasphalting agent) environmentally friendly fillers and plasticizers of rubber and rubber with a low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as improving the technical and economic parameters of the process by reducing the multiplicity of the solvent, that is, energy consumption to obtain base oils and fillers and plasticizers of rubber and rubber.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the raw material is fed to the second stage of extraction, and the extract solution of the first stage serves as the solvent of the second stage, while part of this solution is removed for regeneration to obtain an intermediate extract, which is a filler and plasticizer of rubber and rubber. Basic raffinate is obtained after regeneration of the solvent from the first stage raffinate solution. The ability to control the amount of selected extract solution of the first stage for regeneration allows you to control the quantity and quality of the intermediate product, as well as to improve the quality of the base raffinate as a result of purification of raw materials at two stages of extraction.

As a selective solvent, any selective solvent can be used, for example, N-methylpyrrolidone, furfural, phenol, etc.

The set of distinguishing features described above provides new technical properties of the proposed method: obtaining environmentally friendly fillers and plasticizers of rubber and rubber with a low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; reduction of energy consumption for regeneration as a result of a decrease in the total ratio of the solvent.

List of drawings and other materials

The following figures are given in the appendix:

1) figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage separation of raw materials by a known method (prototype);

2) figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage separation of raw materials by the proposed method.

Figure 1 presents the separation scheme of the feedstock according to the well-known two-stage extraction scheme to obtain the base raffinate and pseudo-raffinate, which is a filler and plasticizer of rubber and rubber, and an extract with four blocks of solvent regeneration.

Figure 2 presents the separation scheme of the feedstock according to the proposed two-stage extraction scheme to obtain a base raffinate, an intermediate extract, which is a filler and plasticizer of rubber and rubber, and an extract with three blocks of solvent regeneration.

Implementation of extraction equipment may be different, for example, extraction columns, mixer settler systems, rotary disk extractors, and others.

Table 1 presents data confirming the achievement of the task, namely the characteristics of aromatic fillers and plasticizers of rubber and rubber according to known and proposed methods.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

To verify the proposed method, laboratory studies of one-stage and two-stage separation of industrial raw materials (distillate oil fraction and deasphalting agent) were carried out to obtain a base raffinate, filler and rubber and rubber softener. The conditions of the extraction process — the ratio of the solvent (N-methylpyrrolidone) to the feed, and the temperatures — corresponded to industrial parameters. The research results are presented in the table.

The data obtained show that the use of the proposed method allows to obtain a filler and plasticizer of rubber and rubber with a low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, to reduce the total ratio of the solvent, as well as the ratio of the solvent in the first stage of extraction.

Literature

1. A.S. 176349, IPC ⁶ C 10m. Softener for light and colored rubbers. / R.Sh. Kuliev, N.S. Rudnitskaya and others // Inventions. - 1965. - No. 22.

2. A.S. 424873, IPC ⁶ C10G 21/16. A method of obtaining oil softeners. / E.M. Varshaver, M.G. Mitrofanov and others // Inventions. - 1974. - No. 15.

3. Pat. 2313562 RF, IPC ⁶ C10G 21/22, С08К 11/00. A method of obtaining a plasticizer and plasticizer / N.V. Khodov, A.F. Kuimov and others // Inventions. - 2007. - No. 36.

Characteristics of aromatic fillers and plasticizers of rubber and rubber by known and proposed methods Indicators Product (aromatic filler and plasticizer of rubber and rubber) according to the method of single-stage cleaning, PN-6 according to the known method of two-stage cleaning, TDAE according to the proposed method of two-stage cleaning DAE RAE type TDAE type TRAE Product quality 1. The content of the PCA according to IP 346 (DMSO),% wt. 7.13 3.72 2.88 2.06 1.21 2. The content of the amount of 8 benzopyrenes, ppm - less than 10 less than 10 less than 10 less than 10 3. The content of α-benzopyrene, ppm 2.5 0.8 0.55 0.53 4. Group chemical composition,% wt .: - paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons 17.5 13.8 27.6 36.5 24.9 - aromatic hydrocarbons 74.7 77.4 62.8 60.6 69.7 - resins 7.8 8.8 9.6 2.9 5,4 5. Kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C, cSt 12,4 33.0 - 7.8 25.3 6. Relative density at 20 ° C, kg / m ³ 972 - - 935 938 Technological performance 1. The multiplicity of the solvent to the raw material,% wt. 1.87 2,8 1.87 1.68 2.5 Notes: DAE stands for distillate aromatic extract; RAE - the abbreviation "residual aromatic extract"; TDAE - the abbreviation "purified distillate aromatic extract"; TRAE - the abbreviation "purified residual aromatic extract"; - at the first stage of extraction.

Claims (1)

A method of producing petroleum oils and environmentally friendly aromatic fillers and plasticizers of rubber and rubber, carried out by two-stage extraction cleaning of raw materials with a selective solvent, characterized in that in the first stage of extraction, the selective solvent interacts with the second-stage raffinate solution to obtain the first-stage extract solution and the first-stage raffinate solution steps, after regeneration from which the solvent the base raffinate is obtained, and in the second step, the extract and the raw material interacts with part of the first-stage extract solution to obtain a second-stage raffinate solution and second-stage extract solution, after regeneration of which solvent the second-stage extract is obtained, while from the second part of the first-stage extract solution, after the solvent regeneration, an environmentally friendly aromatic filler and plasticizer are obtained rubber and rubber with a low content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

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