RU2382144C1 - Method of draining of tubelike mineral deposit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: closed working is driven in water-impermeable rocks of tubelike deposit occurrence. Fans of upward drain holes are drilled from it. Leak proof water intake chamber is constructed. Mouth of each upward drain hole is leakproof connected by pipeline to water intake chamber by running pipeline along works driven before. Water-raising holes are constructed within limits of water intake chamber. Method may be modified, for this purpose additional water intake chamber is constructed in zone of water-raising holes after working of "wet" day-drift with overlapped drainage layer of its orifice above pit bottom. "Dry" day-drift is worked above crossing "wet" day-drift. Water-removing holes are drilled to "dry" day-drift from lower water-intake chamber. Pumps supply subsurface water to "dry" day-drift through water-removing holes. Access of subsurface water and surface water from day-drifts to additional water-intake chamber is provided by gravity, providing blowoff of gas dissolved in subsurface water to atmosphere through "dry" day-drift. Then water from water intake chamber is supplied by pumps to daylight.

EFFECT: reduction of drainage works cost and improvement of their performance safety.

2 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used mainly for drainage of a gas-bearing aquifer in the zone of a tubular mineral after the end of its open-cast mining and transition to underground.

Known is a combined method of draining non-tubular mineral deposits during open pit mining (SU 1794997, E02D 19/10, 02/15/1993), including drilling uprising wells from mining and descending wells from quarry ledges, crushing the rock to form a drainage zone, communicating with the rising well, providing regulated groundwater drainage, hydraulic connection of the descending wells with each other and with the drained zone, and the descending wells are drilled with an excess below the bottom of each zhelezhaschego ledge and a shoulder portion podkarernoy drilled to a depth of 25-30 m below the dynamic level of groundwater. The disadvantage of this known method is the high cost of drainage.

There is also a known method of draining a tube-shaped mineral deposit lying in permafrost soils, including collecting groundwater around the deposit, diverting it from the deposit and discharging it into a water intake, moreover, before discharging underground water, they form a recess on the surface of permafrost soils with a depth of 10-20 m at a distance from deposits, determined by the dependence, which is a function of the filtration coefficients in the horizontal and vertical directions and the distance from the bottom of the excavation to the surface and groundwater. The disadvantage of this known method is the formation of a recess, the accumulation of water in it and their penetration into the thickness of the rocks with their further circulation into the aquifer. This eliminates the possibility of the formation of a depression funnel and drainage of the mine.

A known method of draining a tube-shaped mineral deposit adopted as a prototype is known (SU 977582, E02D 19/10, 11/30/1982), which includes collecting groundwater around the field with the formation of a depression funnel, diverting them from the field, drilling water-absorbing wells in one line perpendicular to the radius of the depression funnels and the introduction of free groundwater into them with the return of the latter to the field along the aquifer with a partial delay due to the formation of a linear zone of low permeability. The disadvantage of this method is that it is cost-intensive in open pit mining and becomes economically unacceptable in the underground stage of its development.

The objective of the invention is to provide such a method of draining a tube-shaped mineral deposit that would allow safe removal of gas from a gas-containing aquifer while reducing the cost of drainage work carried out with the transition from open-pit mining to underground.

To solve the problem with the achievement of the specified technical result, a method of draining a tube-shaped mineral deposit involves collecting groundwater around the field with the formation of a depression funnel and diverting them from the field through water-lifting wells using pumps to the surface.

A distinctive feature of the patented method is that prior to the transition from open-pit mining to underground mining, the excavation closed around the tube-like deposit is preliminarily carried out in waterproof rocks and fans of uprising drainage wells are drilled from it, a water reception chamber is built, separating it with a sealed jumper from the previously passed, directed outward from closed production of connecting production, and the mouth of each rising drainage well is hermetically connected by a pipeline to odopriemnoy camera laying it on the previously traversed workings, wherein the water-lifting well construct within the water receiving chamber, providing a hydraulic connection with it.

In order to be able to pump out atmospheric precipitation from the bottom of the quarry and reduce the load on the safety pillar below the bottom of the quarry, groundwater is diverted from the field to the day surface in two stages, for which an additional water reception chamber is constructed, which is carried out in the zone of water-lifting wells near the bottom of the quarry, after passing A “wet” adit with an entrance to it above the bottom of the quarry and its subsequent closure with a drainage layer, above a “wet” adit there is a “dry” adit with its intersection in the middle part of the “wet” adit, rising sump wells are drilled from the main intake chamber to the “dry” adit, then underground water from the main admission chamber is pumped to the “dry” adit by means of pumps through the drainage wells, ensuring their delivery through the “wet” adit an additional water-receiving chamber by gravity together with periodically passing surface drainage filtering by the drainage layer, as well as ensuring the release into the atmosphere of at least one gas dissolved in groundwater through “dry” adit.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - the phase of the completion of sinking closed around a tube-shaped mineral deposits development (part of the vertical section);

figure 2 is the same, section aa in figure 1;

figure 3 is the phase of the completion of the construction of spillway rising drainage wells and pressurized pressurized pipeline (part of a vertical section);

figure 4 is the same, a section bB in figure 3;

figure 5 is the same, part of a vertical section through a drainage well;

figure 6 - intermediate phase of drilling one of the water wells (part of a vertical section);

Fig.7 is the phase of completion of the construction of the sealed chamber water intake (part of a vertical section);

on Fig - phase drainage of the tube-like ore body before underground mining (part of a vertical section);

figure 9 is the same (modification with a two-stage drainage of groundwater).

The proposed method of draining the tube-shaped mineral deposits is as follows.

After completion of the open-pit mining of a tube-like deposit 1 (FIGS. 1 and 2) of mineral 2, for example ore, and sinking of two shaft shafts (not shown in the drawing) for a possible transition to the underground development stage in waterproof rocks 3 located below the gas-containing aquifer 4 , leaving the subject to underground mining (taking into account the safety pillar 2a) of part 5 of the mineral 2 under the bottom 6 of the quarry 7 pass the preparatory mine 8 (from mine shafts) and the drainage mine 9, closed s, for example, annular, around the field 1 of mineral 2. From the mine 9 (Figs. 3 and 4), fans 10 of uprising spillways 11 are drilled into the aquifer 4. Wells 11 are equipped with casing 12 with filters 13 and conductors 14 with shutoff valves 15 (figure 5).

From the surface 16 at a minimum safety distance L from the edge 17 of the open pit 7, a series of vertical water-lifting wells 18, linear with a pitch t, are drilled using known drilling equipment 18a (Fig. 6). The connecting hole 9a with the intersection of the water-lifting wells 18 passes outside from the closed drainage mine 9 and is equipped with a water intake chamber 19 (FIGS. 4 and 7), which is separated from the connecting mine 9a by an airtight (gas-tight) jumper 19a. The end of the pressurized pressure pipe 20 including a straight section 21 hydraulically connected through a collector 22 to the outlet pipes 23 of the conductors 14 (FIG. 5) is introduced into the water intake chamber 19 through the jumper 19a. Water-lifting wells 18 are equipped with casing pipes 18b and pump pipes 18c with submersible pumps 24 (Fig. 7), which are placed in the water-receiving chamber 19. All equipment and pipelines are corrosion-resistant.

With the gate valves 15a of the shutoff valves 15 conductors 14 open, drainage gas-containing water 25 from the aquifer 4 through the spillway 11 through the sealed pipe 20 enters the water intake chamber 19, and from it using submersible pumps 24 it is pumped to the day surface 16, where the main amount of gas 26 (hydrogen sulfide, methane, etc.) enters the atmosphere through the open end 27 of each casing 18b, and water 28 (with a small amount of dissolved gas) is sent through pipeline 29 to the pool (not shown) from eduyuschey injection into an aquifer 4 if necessary. As a result of water reduction, when a depression funnel 30 forms around the field 1 (Fig. 8), a transition to safe underground mining of part 5 of mineral 2 is possible.

A modification of the proposed method of drainage is possible (Fig. 9), consisting in the fact that a two-stage removal of drainage water 25 from the field 1 to the day surface 16 is carried out, constructing an additional water reception chamber 31. For this, two adits 33 are passed at the bottom part of the open pit 7 34 - “dry” and “wet”, respectively. Moreover, the entrance 35 to the "wet" adit 34 above the bottom 6 of the quarry 7 (at a distance h from the bottom) and cover it with a drainage layer 36, for example, from crushed stone of a certain fraction. Above the “wet” adit 34, a “dry” adit 33 passes with the intersection of the middle part of the “wet” adit 34. An additional water reception chamber 31 is constructed from the “wet” adit 34, which is hydraulically connected to 16 water-receiving wells 18, equipped with casing, drilled from the day surface. pipes 18b and submersible pumps 24 with pump pipes 18c. The latter on the day surface 16 are connected to the pipeline 29. From the main water intake chamber 19, upright sump wells 38 are drilled into a “dry” adit 33. Inclined sump wells 38 are equipped with casing pipes 38a and pump pipes 38b with submersible pumps 39.

When draining in a modified way, drainage gas-containing water 25 from the aquifer 4 through the drainage wells 11 and the sealed pipe 20 enters the main sealed water intake chamber 19, from which it is pumped through the pumping pipes 38b of the drainage wells 38 to the “dry” 38 using submersible pumps adit 33. Gas 26 from gas-containing water 25 enters through the outlet 40 of the “dry” adit 33 into the atmosphere of the open pit 7, and the water 28 flows by gravity through sections 41 and 42 of the “dry” and “wet” adit 33 and 34, respectively, in additional measure 31, from where it with a submersible pump 24 for pumping water-lifting tubes 18c wells 18 is supplied to the surface 16 where it enters the pool (similar to that described above). As a result of drainage, a depression funnel 30 is formed around the field. When the bottom part 32 of the open pit 7 is filled with water 43 formed as a result of precipitation, the latter, when it exceeds its level by size h (which is selected taking into account the possible layer of silty sediment 44 and the minimum power of the security pillar ) enters the “wet” adit 34 through its inlet 35, filtering through the drainage layer 36. Through the “wet” adit 33, water 43 flows by gravity into the additional chamber 31, from where it is fed to the daily surface 16 (into pipeline 29).

Using the proposed method of drainage will allow, if there is only one overlying aquifer, to ensure the safe underground development of tube-shaped mineral deposits of several floors.

Claims (2)

1. A method of draining a tube-shaped mineral deposit, including collecting groundwater around the field with the formation of a depression funnel and diverting them from the field through water-lifting wells using pumps, for example submersible, to the surface, characterized in that before the transition from open-pit mining to underground preliminary pass in the waterproof rocks closed around the pipe-like field development and drill from it fans of rising drainage wells, construct a water a drainage chamber, separating it with a sealed jumper from the previously passed, directed outward from the closed working of the connecting hole, and the mouth of each rising drainage well is hermetically connected by a pipeline to the water receiving chamber, laying it along the previously passed workings, and water-lifting wells are built within the water receiving chamber, providing her hydraulic connection. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the removal of groundwater from the field to the day surface is carried out in two stages, for which an additional water intake chamber is constructed, which is performed in the zone of water-lifting wells near the bottom of the quarry, having previously passed a “wet” adit with by the location of the entrance to it above the bottom of the quarry and its subsequent overlapping with a drainage layer, above the “wet” adit there is a “dry” adit with its intersection in the middle of the “wet” adit, uprising drainage wells are drilled from the main water intake chamber willow wells into a “dry” adit, then groundwater from the main water intake chamber is pumped to the “dry” adit by pumps through the drainage wells, ensuring their delivery through a “wet” adit to a supplementary water reception chamber by gravity together with surface waters periodically filtered by the drainage layer , as well as ensuring the release into the atmosphere of at least one gas dissolved in groundwater through a “dry” adit.

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