RU2380631C1 - Convection drier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating systems.

SUBSTANCE: convection drier includes vertical column of rectangular section, which is divided with partitions into sections installed one above the other and connected to each other with charging connection pipes and isolated one from the other as to drying agent. Sections contain supply and discharge headers and inclined meshed flanges, the lower part of which is connected to the column wall by means of hinge located at attachment points of charging connection pipes. Drier also includes charging hopper, discharging device made in the form of screw conveyor, cover and mechanism for changing the turn angle of inclined flanges. The above mechanism is made in the form of a plank to the slot of which there put is a flange hinged by means of an axis to the plate located on inner side of column wall. Pin of the above plate is rigidly connected to the plate located on outer side of column wall. Threaded hole of this plate comprises a screw pair with bolt mounted in supports and having square cross section of one of the edges; at that, charging hopper is equipped with raw material feeder, e.g. of rotary type.

EFFECT: simplifying the design of inclined flanges, developing reliable mechanism for changing their inclination angle to horizon, and providing reliable and uniform operation.

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Description

The invention relates to techniques for drying small-focus materials and can be used, in particular, for drying wood chips, sawdust, crumb rubber and rubber, granular or chopped waste polymers and other similar materials.

Known installation for drying bulk materials [and.with. USSR No. 438853, class F26B 17/14, publ. 08/05/74 in Bul. No. 29], containing a receiving hopper with a feeder, for example, of a blade type and a rectangular shaft connected to it with rotary lateral and central perpendicular shelves fixed with hinges on its walls, forming two stages for downward movement of material in countercurrent with the coolant and made with longitudinal grooves, through which cables are driven, driven through blocks from the winch drum.

The disadvantages of this installation for drying bulk materials are: the lack of an unloading device that regulates the delivery of the dried product with a given capacity and provides a water trap for the drying agent without hanging the product; low drying efficiency due to the fact that the drying agent is fed into the dryer through one nozzle and passes vertically through all layers of the material, so some of the moisture remains in the raw materials and does not leave the dryer; low reliability due to operation of hinges, stops and cables, increased metal consumption of the structure.

Closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is a convective dryer [US Pat. RU No. 2287751, cl. F26B 17/12, publ. November 20, 2006 to the Bull. No. 32], consisting of a vertical rectangular shaft with a loading hopper and an unloading device, divided into sections with inclined prefabricated mesh shelves; sections contain outlet and inlet collectors, isolated from each other by a drying agent, interconnected by bulk nozzles; the shelves consist of upper and lower parts, interconnected by means of rollers, the lower part being connected to the inner wall of the shaft by a hinge located at the points of accession of the discharge pipes, and the upper part is fixed to the wall of the section by means of a rack mechanism located on the inside of each section and driven by an electric motor mounted on the outside of the shaft.

The disadvantages of this dryer are: the lack of a feeder on the load, which for small-focus raw materials leads to freezing and unevenness of its receipt in the dryer; the complexity of the design of inclined shelves with the practical uncertainty of the design of the mechanism for changing their angle of inclination.

An object of the invention is to simplify the design of inclined shelves, creating a reliable mechanism for changing the angle of their inclination to the horizon, ensuring reliability and uniformity of work.

The technical task of the invention is solved in that in a convective dryer including a vertical shaft of rectangular cross-section, divided by partitions into interconnected discharge pipes and isolated from each other by a drying agent, sections containing inlet and outlet collectors and inclined mesh shelves, the lower part of which is connected to the shaft wall by a hinge located at the points of accession of the filling pipes, loading hopper, unloading device your in the form of a screw conveyor, a cover and a mechanism for changing the angle of rotation of the inclined shelves, the new one is that the mechanism for changing the angle of rotation of the inclined shelves is made in the form of a strip, in the groove of which a shelf is inserted, pivotally connected by an axis to the plate located on the inner side of the shaft wall, the pin of which is rigidly connected to the plate located on the outer side of the shaft wall, forming a screw pair with a threaded hole with a bolt mounted in supports and having a square cross section of one of the ends, wherein the hopper is provided with a feeder for raw material, e.g., a vane type.

Figure 1 presents a structural diagram of a dryer; figure 2 - mechanism for changing the angle of inclination of the perforated inclined shelf.

A convective dryer contains a vertical shaft of rectangular cross-section 1, divided by partitions 2 into sections 3 mounted on top of each other, connected by transfer pipes 4 and a cover 5. The shaft is equipped with a blade feeder 6 with a feed hopper 7 and an unloading screw conveyor 8. Each section is equipped with a supply 9 and a discharge 10 collectors. Inside the sections there are mesh inclined shelves 11 connected to the partitions 2 by means of hinges 12 located at the points of connection of the filling nozzles 4. The mechanism for changing the angle of inclination of the shelves 13 contains a bar 14, in the groove of which is inserted a shelf 11 with the possibility of making relative reciprocating movement in the groove during a change in the angle of inclination of the shelf 11. The strap 14 is pivotally connected through the axis 15 to the plate 16, the pin of which rigidly connects it to the plate 17 located on the outside of the shaft wall, guide screw hole. A bolt 18 mounted in supports 19 passes through this hole. One end of the bolt 18 has a turn-key square cross-section.

The dryer operates as follows.

Wet small-focus material from the feed hopper 7 by means of a blade feeder 6 is fed into the upper section 1 and moves along the shelves 11 from top to bottom in a zigzag fashion in the channel limited by the shelves 11 and the walls of the shaft 1. The presence of a feeder at the inlet of the product ensures the formation of a stable in thickness and uniform in time layer of raw materials on the shelves, which is especially important for small-focus material. Through the mesh shelves passes the drying agent supplied from the inlet manifold 9. The spent drying agent and drying products are removed from each section 1 through the outlet collector 10.

The rotation of the screw in the mechanism for changing the angle of inclination of the shelves 13 using a key in one direction or another leads to the movement of the plates 16 and 17 vertically up or down. Similarly, the bar 14 moves, turning around the axis 15. The right (in the drawing of FIG. 2) the end face of the inclined shelf 11 thus extends or pushes into the groove of the bar 14, the shelf 11 itself changes the angle of rotation, turning in the hinge 12. Manual drive of the mechanism for changing the angle of inclination prefabricated shelves are fully justified, because the angle of inclination of prefabricated shelves changes rarely - only when changing the dried material, significantly different in size and properties of its particles.

The material dried in the upper section through the overflow pipe 4 enters the underlying section, the drying process in which is carried out in a similar way.

Having passed through all sections 3 of the rectangular shaft 1, the dried material is removed from the dryer by means of an unloading screw conveyor 8, which regulates the delivery of the dried product with a given capacity and provides a water trap for the drying agent without product freezing.

The present invention allows:

to simplify the design of inclined shelves, which in this invention have one mesh cloth,

to create a mechanism of changing the angle of inclination of the shelves, which is understandable in design and reliable in operation, and the manual drive (turning the bolt with the key) is fully justified here, because the angle of inclination of the shelves rarely changes - only when changing the dried material, significantly different in size and properties of its particles,

to ensure the uniformity of supply of raw materials, prone to hovering, by using a feeder, for example, of a blade type.

Claims (1)

A convective dryer, including a vertical shaft of rectangular cross-section, divided by partitions into sections mounted on top of each other and interconnected by discharge pipes and sections separated from each other by a drying agent, containing supply and discharge collectors and inclined mesh shelves, the lower part of which is connected to the shaft wall by a hinge, located at the points of accession of the discharge pipes, loading hopper, unloading device in the form of a screw conveyor, cover and change mechanism la of rotation of inclined shelves, characterized in that the mechanism for changing the angle of rotation of inclined shelves is made in the form of a strip, in the groove of which a shelf is inserted, pivotally connected via an axis to the plate located on the inner side of the shaft wall, the pin of which is rigidly connected to the shaft wall located on the outer side a plate forming a screw pair with a threaded hole with a bolt mounted in supports and having a square cross section of one of the ends, the feed hopper being provided with a feed for raw materials, for example, blade type.

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