RU2379865C1 - Working element for surface treatment of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: working element consists of frame with lengthwise beam rigidly secured to frame. A tilling working element with a tine is mounted on the beam and is designed to perform oscillations in lengthwise vertical plane. The tine is deflected backwards at angle of friction of material of tine motion against soil. The tine is conjugated in its upper part with vertical tail piece along radius, while in the lower part it is conjugated with an arrow-like subsurface foot. The V-foot is mounted at lifting angle to horizontal plane facilitating tilling soil without evacuation of lower moist layers to surface. The V-foot has angle of opening less, than double angle of friction of motion of foot material against soil. The vertical tail piece is installed in the lengthwise beam by means of a cylinder head and is fixed with a finger. The upper part of the vertical tail piece is fixed between compression springs arranged in the groove of the lengthwise beam.

EFFECT: design facilitates reducing power costs due to directed self-excited oscillations of working element at soil tilling without evacuation of moist layers to surface.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in implements for pre-sowing tillage and for caring for vapors.

A tillage implement is known, including a shaft and spiral working bodies fixed on it at one end, the shaft having diametrically located depressions in contact with protrusions made at the ends of each working body (SU, copyright certificate No. 912081, M. Cl ³ A01B 35/06, A01B 39/22).

The disadvantages of this tillage implement are that it is intended only to increase the reliability of the working bodies and does not provide high-quality loosening of the soil, cutting weeds, and the stands themselves are covered with plant residues.

Known rack tilling working body, containing sections, one of which on the side of the frame is made in the form of a cylindrical spiral spring, and the plot on the side of the working body is made C-shaped, while the axis of the cylindrical spiral spring is located to the C-shaped section of the rack at an angle of 43 48 °, and the length of the C-shaped section of the rack is equal to the length of the coil of the spring (SU, copyright certificate No. 1535397, АВВ 35/24).

The disadvantages of this rack include the ability to bend the rack by an unlimited amount, which leads to an uneven depth of tillage, in addition, the rack is enveloped with plant residues.

A working body of a tillage machine is known, which contains a stand with a loosening foot that is mounted on a ridge fixed by means of a suspension of the beam, and the toe of the paw is located behind the vertical axis of the beam, while in order to increase the uniformity of the depth of the working body and reduce energy consumption by obtaining directional self-oscillations, the suspension has the shape of an open rectangular trapezoid in the lower base, while the side branches of the suspension are pivotally connected to the bed, and the front side branch of the suspension is located in vertically and placed on a beam in front of its vertical axis parallel to it (SU, copyright certificate No. 1628871, АВВ 35/24).

The disadvantages of this working body include the inability to copy the surface topography by the working body, which leads to uneven processing depth, in addition, the working body stand is enveloped with plant residues.

Known vibrational ripper, containing with a rigidly attached longitudinal beam, on which a loosening working body with a vertical strut, a vibrator mounted on the frame, pivotally connected to the strut of the working body, and a two-link elastic element, pivotally mounted pivotally and with the possibility of oscillations in the longitudinal vertical plane installed between the frame and the stand of the working body, and all the swivel joints of the stand of the working body are located on one vertical line, while the two-link the other element is connected to the upper end of the strut of the working body, and the vibrator is connected to the strut between the hinges of its connection with the frame and with the two-link elastic element by means of a rigid rod, which is located at an angle to the strut of the working body and is connected to the latter and the frame via a spring-loaded link and hinges (SU, copyright certificate No. 1565363, АВВ 35/12, 13/08).

The disadvantages of this subsoiler include the complexity of the design and enveloping of the rack with plant residues, which leads to uneven processing depth, in addition, the rack of the working body is enveloped with plant residues, which significantly increases the traction resistance of the ripper.

This vibratory subsoiler is adopted as the closest prototype.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The task to which the invention is directed is to simplify the design, prevent enveloping of the rack with plant residues, increase the uniformity of the depth of the code of the working body and complete weed cutting.

EFFECT: reduction of energy costs due to obtaining directed self-oscillations, loosening of the soil without carrying out the lower moist layers to the surface.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the working body for surface tillage, containing a frame with a longitudinal beam rigidly attached to it, on which a loosening working body with a stand is mounted pivotally and with the possibility of oscillations in the longitudinal vertical plane, according to the invention, the stand is made angled backward φ of friction of the movement of the material of the rack on the soil and is conjugated in the upper part with a vertical shank along the radius, and in the lower part with a lancet flat-cutting paw, the front h part of the rack has a sharpening at an angle β, providing cutting of the weeds and shifting them to the plane of the lancet paw, the lancet paw is set at an angle of elevation α to the horizon, providing crumbling of the soil without the removal of the lower moist soil layers to the surface, and has a solution angle 2γ less than double the friction of the movement of the material of the paw on the soil, the vertical shank is installed in the longitudinal beam using a cylindrical head and is fixed with a finger, the upper part of the vertical shank is fixed between compression springs, Becoming in the groove longitudinal beam.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the working body for surface tillage - a side view with a slit of a longitudinal beam.

Figure 2 is the same, a top view with a local cutout along the axis of the finger.

Figure 3 is a section aa in figure 1.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The working body for surface tillage contains a frame with a longitudinal beam 1 rigidly attached to it, in the groove of which compression springs 2, 3 are installed to fix the shank 4, fixed in the longitudinal beam using a cylindrical groove 5. The vertical shank 4 is radially mated with the stand 6 to which the lancet flat-cutting paw 7 is fixed using the base 8 with bolts 9. The shank is fixed in the longitudinal beam using the pin 10 and the cylindrical head 11. The stand 6 is tilted back at an angle of friction of movement material of the rack on the soil and has a taper 12 at an angle β, providing cutting of the weeds and their shift to the plane of the paw. The arrow-shaped flat-cutting paw 7 has an angle of elevation α to the horizon, which provides loosening of the soil without bringing out the lower wet layers to the surface and an angle of solution 2γ less than the double angle of friction of the movement of the material of the paws on the soil.

The working body for surface tillage works as follows.

When the working body moves in a buried state, the lancet paw 7 moves in the soil at a depth of "a", but due to different soil resistance, the force perceived by the paw 7 and the stand 6 changes, which is transmitted through the cylindrical head 11 and the shank 4 to the compression springs 2, 3.

As a result of this interaction, the paw 7 with the stand 6 will vibrate, which will reduce the resistance to movement of the working body in the soil, increase the quality of loosening without moving the lower moist soil layers to the surface, and prevent the residue and the envelope from enveloping with plant residues.

Soil cultivation by the declared working body will reduce energy costs by obtaining directed self-oscillations and obtain a mulching layer in the upper soil horizon with natural valuable soil fractions, which creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of cultivated plants.

Claims (1)

A working body for surface tillage, containing a frame with a longitudinal beam rigidly attached to it, on which a loosening working body with a stand is mounted pivotally and with the possibility of oscillations in the longitudinal vertical plane, characterized in that the stand is made deflected backward by the angle of friction of the material of the stand about the soil and is mated in the upper part with a vertical shank along the radius, and in the lower part - with a lancet flat-cutting paw, the front of the rack has a sharpening at an angle that ensures cutting weeds and shifting them to the plane of the lancet paw, the lancet paw is set at an angle of elevation to the horizontal plane, providing loosening of the soil without bringing the lower wet layers to the surface, and has a solution angle less than the double angle of friction of the movement of the material of the paw on the soil, and the vertical shank is set to the longitudinal beam using a cylindrical head and is fixed with a finger, and the upper part of the vertical shank is fixed between compression springs installed in the groove of the longitudinal beam but.

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