RU2379624C1 - Method for demolition of buildings and structures in restricted conditions with coverage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of special blasting operations, in particular to demolition of buildings and structures in restricted conditions of settlements, when it is necessary to exclude emission of fragments and to minimise impact of air shock wave. Method of demolition with coverage, including drilling of blast holes as per specified grid, their charging, arrangement of double-layer gas permeable coverage out of worn car tyres and metal mesh and object blasting. Above exploded section of wall there are anchors installed, bearing joint is suspended onto them, and coverage is suspended to it after installation of blast net. Worn car tyres are placed above blast holes in one or two layers, binding them to each other. Metal net is suspended over tyres, stretching it at the bottom by means of weighting agent. To reduce intensity of air shock wave, foam plastic is installed inside tyres with a thickness of at least 70 mm.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to exclude emission of fragments and to reduce intensity of air impact wave.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of special blasting, in particular to the collapse of buildings and structures in the cramped conditions of settlements, when it is necessary to exclude the expansion of fragments and minimize the effect of an air shock wave.

The most common way to intercept fragments and reduce the intensity of an air shock wave in cramped conditions is to install special shelters of various designs in front of the blasted surface. This can be wooden boards with a thickness of at least 50 mm, covering the wall to be tapped, wire mesh fixed on wooden racks, protective walls made of sandbags and protective wooden fences located along the collapsed wall with a gap of 0.3-0.5 m, filled sand / 1, p. 85-87 /. Their main disadvantage is the complexity of installation and, in many cases, a single use.

The closest, essentially, the problem to be solved is a method for working out high ledges in cramped conditions, according to which they prepare for the explosion by placing on the side slope a high ledge below the blast layer of the lightweight woven mat with a weighting agent, then blast holes are drilled, they are charged and produced blasting, in which a double-layer gas-permeable shelter is placed on all open surfaces of the blasted section of the layer to exclude the expansion of pieces of rock during the explosion, the lower layer is orogo made of metal mesh, and the top of the mat connected from used tires, wherein the lower portion of a side slope cover is lowered under light woven mat is not less than half the diameter of the tire / 2 /. Such a shelter eliminates the expansion of pieces of rock mass.

The technical problem, the solution of which the invention is directed, is to eliminate the expansion of fragments and reduce the intensity of the shock air wave during blasting operations to collapse buildings and structures in cramped conditions.

The problem is achieved in that in the method of collapse of buildings and structures in cramped conditions with a shelter, including drilling holes on a given grid, charging them, placing a two-layer gas-permeable shelter from worn-out car tires and a metal mesh and blasting an object, according to the invention, is installed above the blown section of the wall anchors, hang a carrier link on them and hang shelter to it after installation of the explosive network; worn automobile tires are placed above the boreholes in one or two layers, tying them together, a metal mesh is hung over the tires, stretching it from below with a weighting agent.

To reduce the intensity of the shock air wave inside the tires, foam is installed with a thickness of at least 70 mm.

Figure 1 schematically shows the implementation of the method without foam; figure 2 - with foam.

The method of collapse of buildings and structures in cramped conditions with shelter is as follows.

In the wall 1 of the building or structure intended for demolition, explosive holes 2 are drilled for explosive charge 3 and clogging 4. Auxiliary holes are drilled above them and anchors 5 are placed in them for suspension of the supporting link 6. After the suspension of the supporting link 6, for example, wire rod with a diameter of 6-8 mm, they carry out the loading of holes and the installation of an explosive network. Then, on the carrier link 6 using slings 7, for example from the same wire-rod, worn automobile tires 8 from any passenger cars are suspended. Tires 8 are placed in two layers so as to cover the mouth of the holes 2 with the casing and connect them together by ties 9, for example, wire rod. It is possible to arrange tires in one row by placing foam 10 inside their holes. The thickness of the foam, as shown by our experimental studies, should be at least 70 mm, only then it effectively dampens the air shock wave. A metal mesh 11 is stretched over the tires with the cell sizes selected depending on the proximity of the protected objects - the closer they are, the smaller the cells. The mesh 11 is fixed at the top for the carrier link 6, and weighting agents 12 are attached to it below, for example, the same tires with sand bags weighing 30-50 kg. This allows you to evenly stretch the grid, remote from the wall 1 at a sufficient distance. This completes the preparation for the explosion.

An example of felling a building on its foundation with the use of a gas-permeable shelter according to the claimed method, located in the village of Pivan at a distance of 40-45 m from residential buildings.

After detonation of explosive 3 charges, the stemming 4 is ejected from the holes 2 and, at the same time, fragments fly apart in that part of the building where there is no shelter. The shelter also covers the mouths of the holes 2 with either tire housings 8 or pieces of foam 9, which reduces the intensity of the air shock wave, and the grid 11 eliminates the spread of fragments. Fragmentation of fragments occurred only from an area not protected by a shelter. Removing the mesh from the wall increases its trapping ability and reduces its damage by fragments, which allows it to be used repeatedly, like tires.

Thus, the claimed method of collapse of buildings and structures in cramped conditions under cover provides collapse of objects without flying apart fragments with a reduced intensity of the shock air wave, thereby allowing to solve the problem.

Information sources

1. Technical rules for blasting on the earth's surface. - M .: Nedra, 1972.- 240 p.

2. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2314419, MKI 7 E21C 41/26, F42D 5/05 (prototype).

Claims (2)

1. The method of collapse of buildings and structures in cramped conditions with shelter, including drilling holes on a given grid, charging them, placing a two-layer gas-permeable shelter from worn-out car tires and a metal mesh and blasting an object, characterized in that anchors are installed above the blown section of the wall, hanged they carry the carrier connection and hang shelter after installation of the blasting network, worn automobile tires are placed above the boreholes in one or two layers, linking them together, hang on top of the tires llicheskuyu grid, stretching it from the bottom weighting. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to reduce the intensity of the shock air wave, foam is installed inside the tires with a thickness of at least 70 mm.

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