RU2378606C1 - Cumulative launching device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to study of high-speed impact. The device consists of an explosive charge, an initiator device, an axial charging hollow, a metal insert fixed coaxially inside the explosive charge. In the device the charge is designed to be represented by a ring; the initiator device is equipped with a metal disk coaxially fixed on one of the explosive charge butt-end surfaces. The insert is designed to be ring-shaped with a conic outer surface. On the insert outer butt-end surface there is an additional cone-shaped metal insert fixed coaxial to the former insert gapped relative the nearest butt-end surface of the explosive charge; the additional metal insert has an axial hollow in the shape of a semi-sphere/cylinder with the cone apex turned inside the explosive charge. The initiation points of the initiator device are arranged ringwise on the charge outer lateral surface.

EFFECT: invention enables performance of experimental studies of high-speed interaction of compact elements with barriers within an extended range of speeds.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of experimental physics and can be used to study the high-speed interaction of solids, for example, when modeling the effects of space debris of artificial origin on the protection of space objects.

To solve this problem, the development of special throwing devices is required, allowing to obtain metal compact high-speed elements (CE). Such devices include cumulative explosive throwing devices.

Known throwing device used in the scheme of two-stage acceleration of the element, consisting of a ballistic installation (BU) and a cumulative charge (KZ), which is fired from the BU (see the book under the editorship of L.P. Orlenko "Explosion Physics", v.2, M., "Fizmatlit", 2002, p. 40). First, a cumulative charge containing a cylindrical explosive charge with a metal lining of a cumulative recess in the form of a hemisphere-cylinder into a pallet is accelerated using a light-gas or powder ballistic installation, then with the help of an explosive device it detonates the cumulative charge explosive, resulting in a compact element flying at a speed V ₀ .

The main disadvantages of this throwing device are the cumbersome experimental development of a two-stage throwing scheme, a possible problem with the initiation of a charge in flight due to the deviation of the cumulative device from the flight axis at large distances and the insufficient speed of FE.

Closest to the claimed device is a throwing device (see book edited by L. P. Orlenko “Explosion Physics”, v.2, M., “Fizmatlit”, 2002, p. 37), based on the use of a cumulative charge . This device is selected as a prototype. This throwing device consists of a detonation device (initiating device), an explosive, an axial cumulative cone, an annular metal insert with a conical outer surface fixed coaxially inside the explosive charge, and a cutting mechanism consisting of a metal plate, an explosive, and a detonating cord. Upon initiation of an explosive and loading by a detonation wave, a cumulative jet is formed from a part of the cumulative funnel, from which the element is cut off by throwing a plate on the side of the jet, or side detonation is used to cut off the jet.

Experimental data on the formation of FE showed that the formed element has a small mass. In addition, it may be difficult to determine the start time of the cut-off device.

It is well known to use the Mach wave of shock, the pressure in which is significantly higher than behind the front of the stationary wave, to increase the velocity of FE.

The technical task to be solved is the creation on the basis of the existing explosive charge of the device, which forms, with the general simplification of the experimental development, a metal compact element with an increased FE speed compared to the prototype.

The expected technical result is experimental studies of high-speed interaction of FE with obstacles in an extended speed range.

The technical result is achieved by using a cumulative throwing device (CMU) containing an explosive charge, an initiation device, an axial cumulative recess, an annular metal insert with a conical outer surface, fixed coaxially inside the explosive charge. In the device, in contrast to the prototype, the charge is ring-shaped, the initiation device is equipped with a metal disk coaxially mounted on the free end surface of the explosive charge, an additional cone-shaped metal insert, facing the top of the cone, is coaxially fixed to it with a gap relative to the near end surface of the explosive charge inside the annular insert and inside the explosive charge, the axial cumulative recess is made in the form of a hemisphere-cylinder on an additional insert, initiation kits of the initiation device are arranged in a ring on the outer lateral surface of the explosive charge.

When an annular metal insert is struck against an additional metal insert with a cone apex (conical former) facing inward of the annular insert and into the explosive charge, a powerful plane Mach wave is generated in it, loading the axial recess of the CMC in the form of a hemisphere-cylinder, under which the recess of the additional the metal liner-shaper collapses, forming a high-speed cumulative jet.

The execution of the explosive charge in the form of a ring in the device reduces the mass of the charge and allows you to use the available charges.

To prevent the explosion products from flowing into the impact region of the annular liner against an additional metal liner that impedes the formation of a cumulative jet, the initiation device is equipped with a metal disk coaxially mounted on the free end surface of the explosive charge.

The implementation of an annular liner with a conical outer surface allows you to control the gradient of the speed of convergence to the axis along its length and, therefore, affect the angle of rotation (taper) at the time of impact on an additional metal liner-shaper.

When the annular liner interacts with the surface of the additional metal liner, the conical shaper, a converging conical shock wave arises in the latter, which is reflected from the axis of the device, forming a Mach leg. When a shock wave is loaded from the hemispherical part of the axial cumulative recess, a high-speed cumulative jet is formed, from which CE collapses when the cylindrical section of the cumulative recess collapses.

The gap between the near end surface of the explosive charge and the base of the additional metal liner is necessary to reduce the impact on the annular liner of the shock wave that occurs when the additional metal liner is reflected from the peripheral section.

To organize a sliding detonation mode, the initiation points of the initiation device are located on a ring on the outer lateral surface of the explosive charge.

Figure 1 shows the inventive cumulative device in the context of figure 2, 3, 4 - the process of forming a compact element in time in figure 5 - distribution of axial velocity along the axis at time t = 14.5 μs; figure 6 shows the x-ray formed compact element.

The cumulative throwing device (see Fig. 1) consists of an initiating device containing a foam disk 6, on the surface of which a plastic explosive 1, metal disk 2 is glued. The metal disk 2 is coaxially mounted on the free end surface of the explosive charge 3. The metal insert 4 is made in in the form of a ring with a conical outer lateral surface and fixed coaxially inside the explosive charge 3 using a shoulder 7, on the outer end surface of which with a gap 10 relative to the explosive charge 3, an additional conical shape is fixed allichesky liner 5 (shock wave generator) with a cumulative axial recess 8 in the form of a hemisphere-cylinder 9 and the apex of the cone facing the inside of the explosive charge 3 and 4 inside of the annular liner.

The cumulative throwing device operates as follows: with the initiation device, the initiation points 11 of which are located on a ring on the outer surface of the explosive charge, the explosive charge 3 is detonated. Under the influence of the pressure of the explosion products, the metal insert 4 is compressed towards the axis of the device. When it interacts (an annular insert 4) with an additional conical metal insert-shaper 5, the latter generates a high-amplitude Mach shock wave, under the influence of which the cumulative recess 8 collapses, forming a high-speed cumulative jet. Having selected the parameters of the cumulative recess 8, you can get a thickened gradientless head of the jet, which can be considered as a compact damaging element.

Thus, the problem of forming a metal FE with an increased value of the element velocity with a general simplification of the experimental development is solved.

Claims (1)

A cumulative throwing device containing an explosive charge (BB), an initiation device, an axial cumulative recess and an annular metal insert with a conical outer surface, fixed coaxially inside the explosive charge, characterized in that the explosive charge is circular, the initiation device is provided with a metal disk, coaxially fixed on the free end surface of the explosive charge, on the outer end surface of the annular liner coaxially attached to it with a gap relative to the near end face In the case of explosive charge, an additional cone-shaped metal insert facing the tip of the cone inside the annular insert and inside the explosive charge, the axial cumulative recess being made on an additional insert in the form of a hemisphere-cylinder, and the initiation device initiation points are located along the ring on the outer lateral surface of the explosive charge.

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