RU2377412C1 - Hardening fill mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to mining industry, namely to hardening fill mixtures. It includes filler, liquid sodium glass, gypsum, cement. Fill mixture is additionally supplemented with flocculant and martite-hematite iron ore, with the following ratio of mixture components: liquid sodium glass 20-22%; cement 1-2%; gypsum 1-2%; flocculant 0.002-0.004%; martite-hematite iron ore 1%; filler - the rest.

EFFECT: improved quality of technological properties of hardening fill mixture, reduced prime cost, increased bearing capacity of filled mass, reduced consumption of hardening solution and simplified technology of stripped area filling.

2 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in underground mining of systems with the laying of the worked out space by a hardening filling mixture, in which substandard sands with a low particle size modulus of less than 0.7 are used. The use of flocculant (Alclar) can reduce the dispersion of sand, which makes it possible to reduce the cement content to the minimum values (1-2%), and as the main binder use liquid glass with a density ρ = 1300 kg / m ³ .

Known filling material (application No. 2001104570 from 01.20.2003), including crushed rock and hardening mixture, characterized in that, as crushed rock, it contains crushed rock with a particle size distribution, which ensures formation of a laid mass after vibrational laying into the worked out space with a porosity of 7-15%, and a hardening solution injected into its pores as a hardening mixture.

The disadvantage of filling material for the mixture is that filling material contains crushed rock, which significantly increases its cost, for example, in comparison with substandard sand filler and makes it difficult to control the quality of the resulting bookmarks.

Known hardening clinker-free filling mixture (RF patent No. 2275505, from 05.11.2004), including crushed lime-containing binder in the form of active aluminosilicate material and calcined carbonate rocks, mixing water, phlegmatizer, aggregate, which contains carbonate rocks calcined at 900-1200 ° C with the content of active calcium and magnesium oxides CaO + MgO in them is not less than 40% and not more than 9.1% by weight of the mixture, crushed to a sieve residue of 0.08 mm no more than 15%, as an active aluminosilicate material - calcined marl or calcined clay, or burnt tailings of kimberlite ore dressing, or granulated blast furnace slag, and the mixing water contains a phlegmatizer in an amount determined by the formula: D = (0.005 ÷ 0.021) · SI / CB, where D is the amount of phlegmatizer in 1 liter of mixing water, kg ; (0.005 ÷ 0.021) - coefficient taking into account the proportional ratio of the phlegmatizer and calcined carbonate rocks in the mixture; SI - consumption of calcined carbonate rocks in the mixture, kg; SV - experimentally determined mixing water flow rate in the mixture, l, with the ratio of components in the filling mixture, wt.%: Active aluminosilicate material - 5.6-33.2, calcined carbonate rocks - 1.0-16.7, mixing water with a phlegmatizer - 10.6-27.5, aggregate - the rest. If the indicated content of active CaO + MgO is exceeded in the mixture, CaO and MgO are converted to hydroxides by spraying with water in an amount of not more than 20% of the mass of calcined carbonate rocks in terms of active CaO + MgO. The host rocks of kimberlite deposits are used as carbonate rocks, sand and / or enrichment tailings, and / or ground aluminosilicate rock - tuff, and / or diabase rock, and / or carbonate rock are used as aggregate, and technical lignosulfonate is used as a phlegmatizer - LCT or C-3 superplasticizer and LCT taken in a 2: 1 ratio.

The disadvantage of a clinker-free filling mixture is that the high content of active calcium and magnesium oxides ensures the water resistance of such filling mixture; when exposed to water containing carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide, or acidified water due to the dissolution and removal of CaO and MgO, there is a sharp decrease in the strength and stability of the filling array. These disadvantages are completely absent in the proposed composition of the filling mixture, in which glass with a minimum cement content serves as a binder.

A well-known grouting mortar, selected as a prototype (patent No. 20011135982 dated 12.27.2001), for grouting the fixed space of mine shafts of potash mines, containing cement, shutter fluid, characterized in that a mortar is used as a plasticizing and sealing additive that regulates the hardening time lignosulfonates, as additives that increase the water resistance and density of the mixture, fly ash, water glass, calcium chloride are used, gypsum, quicklime are used as an expanding additive.

A drawback of grouting mortar is the use of cements as the main binder, which significantly increases the cost of the filling mixture, and the use of lignosulfonates, a highly toxic waste from the pulp and paper industry, does not meet environmental requirements for the use of materials in mine workings, as well as the protection of groundwater from pollution. The present invention uses environmentally friendly components that significantly reduce the monetary cost of producing large volumes of filling mixtures provided that substandard sands with a low particle size modulus are used.

The technical result - improving the quality of the technological properties of the hardening filling mixture, reducing costs, increasing the bearing capacity of the embedded array.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the hardening filling mixture includes aggregate, liquid sodium glass, gypsum, cement, according to the invention, a flocculant (Alclar) and martite-hematite iron ore are additionally introduced into the mixture, with the ratio of the components of the mixture:

- sodium liquid glass (density 1300 kg / m ³ ) 20-22%;

- cement 1-2%;

- gypsum 1-2%;

- flocculant 0.002-0.004%;

- iron ore martito-hematite 1%;

- placeholder - the rest.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that, as a filler, the mixture contains substandard quarry sand with a fineness modulus of less than 0.7.

The studies were carried out on the basis of the theory of experimental design with the use of analytical developments in the field of physicochemical and chemical processes for the synthesis of binders using substandard aggregates according to the criterion of their particle size distribution (particle size), laboratory work, consisting of certain stages:

- preparation of an air-dry mixture of several components (sand + cement + gypsum + iron ore) in a given percentage of the mass of sand;

- preparation of solutions (liquid glass + flocculant);

- thorough mixing of solid and liquid components;

- forming samples of a certain shape and size;

- hardening of samples at room temperature 20 ± 2 ° C for 4-28 days;

- testing samples on presses to obtain the value of temporary resistance to compression.

To substantiate the optimal composition, 15 formulations were studied.

Example. Table 1 shows the results of studies of hardening filling mixture.

The proposed composition of the filling mixture makes it possible to use substandard fine and small pit sand with a low particle size modulus as the main filler, provided that an active flocculant (Alclar) is used to aggregate fine sand fractions, which can significantly reduce the cost of expensive cement and use liquid glass as a binder and small amounts of gypsum as a binding component, as well as to prevent shrinkage of the mixture during its hardening.

Table 1. The results of studies of the strength of a multicomponent filling mixture. №№ Solid components of the filling mixture in% by weight of aggregate (substandard sand) Liquid binder components The ratio of liquid and solid components The density of the mixture is ρ,
kg / m ³ Temporary compression resistance R _sg , MPa Sand Gypsum Cement M300 Iron ore "paint" Liquid glass ρ = 1300 kg / m ³ Flocculant solution in% by weight of liquid glass of a given density 28 days, 100% strength 4 days, 40% of final strength (28 days) one + one one one + 6 0.22 1720 85 34 2 + 0 2 one + four 0.22 1630 79 32 3 + one 5 one + 0 0.21 1900 90 36

Claims (2)

1. Hardening filling mixture, including aggregate, sodium liquid glass, gypsum, cement, characterized in that a flocculant and martite-hematite iron ore are additionally introduced into the filling mixture at a ratio of mixture components:
liquid glass sodium 20-22%;
cement 1-2%;
gypsum 1-2%;
flocculant 0.002-0.004%;
iron ore martito-hematite 1%;
placeholder else. 2. The hardening filling mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that as a filler it contains substandard quarry sand with a particle size of less than 0.7.