RU2375622C1 - Gear reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to machine building and can be implemented particularly in conic-cylinder gear reducers. The gear reducer consists of three stages composed out of tooth gears rigidly connected to shafts and installed in a case by means of bearings (9-12) of conic-roller one-row type. Regulating nuts (14) with spacer washers (16) are secured in covers (15) of case (1) in ends of the shafts. The first stage is made conic, while other stages are made cylinder with screw meshing. The second stage contains two regulating nuts (14). The third stage and the shaft of gear of the third stage each one contain regulating nut (14). Pitch of thread connection of the regulating nut is chosen empirically by optimal rationality equal to 1.5 mm.

EFFECT: invention facilitates increasing reliability of reducer operation in bearings, also facilitates regulating gaps in bearings to optimal, eliminating intensive wear and destruction of equipment due to uniform re-distribution of alternating axial loads in tooth meshing.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used, in particular, in bevel-helical gear reducers.

A known gearbox comprising a housing with oil-filled crankcase, shafts placed in the housing and geared gears mounted on the shafts, one of which is partially immersed in oil (AS USSR No. 1714263, class F16H 57/04, publ. 23.02.1992 )

Known vertical gearbox containing a housing, three stages, composed of cylindrical gears rigidly connected to shafts that are mounted in bearings in the housing with rotation (Anfimov MI Reducers. Design and calculation. - M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1973, p. 157).

Closest to the invention is a vertical gearbox comprising a housing, three stages composed of spur gears rigidly connected to shafts that are rotatably mounted in bearings in the housing, the ends of the wheels of the first and third stages facing the wheel of the second stage are located in one plane (RF Patent No. 2250402, CL F16H 57/04, publ. 04/20/2005).

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are the low reliability of the gearbox, the irreversible wear of the gearbox bearings due to the uneven distribution of variable axial loads in the gearing and the exclusion of the possibility of adjusting the clearance in the bearings.

The technical result of the use of the invention is to increase the reliability of the gearbox in the bearings, the ability to adjust the clearance in the bearings to the optimum, eliminate intense wear, damage to the equipment due to the uniform redistribution of variable axial loads in the gearing.

The technical result of the invention is achieved in that a gear reducer comprising a housing, three steps made up of gears rigidly connected to shafts that are rotatably mounted in bearings in the housing, further comprises adjusting nuts with spacer washers fixed in the housing covers at the ends shafts installed in single-row tapered roller bearings, the first stage being made conical, the other stages cylindrical with helical gearing, the second stage It has two adjusting nuts, and the third step and the wheel shaft of the third step each have one adjusting nut, and the pitch of the threaded connection of the adjusting nut is chosen empirically as optimal, equal to 1.5 mm.

It is empirically established that the pitch of a threaded joint, different from that used optimally in the invention of 1.5 mm, eliminates the possibility of adjusting the bearing clearance to optimal, leads to an uneven redistribution of variable axial loads in the gearing and to intense wear and tear, destruction of equipment.

Figure 1 shows a gear reducer, top view (with cover removed); figure 2 is the same front view.

The gear reducer comprises a housing 1, a bevel gear shaft 2 of the first stage, a bevel gear wheel 3 of the first stage, a cylindrical gear shaft 4 of the second stage, a helical gear wheel 5 of the second stage, a cylindrical gear shaft 6 of the third stage, a gear wheel of the third stage , shaft 8 wheels of the third stage, wheels 3, 5 and 7 are rigidly connected respectively to shafts 2, 4, 6. Gear shafts 2, 4, 6 and shaft 8 are installed in the housing 1 with the possibility of rotation, respectively, in bearings 9 and 10, 11 , 12 and 13 types of tapered roller single row x. In the end parts of the shafts 4, 6 and 8, adjusting nuts 14 are installed in the covers 15 of the housing 1 with spacer washers 16.

The device operates as follows.

During operation, the gap between the rollers (not shown) and the treadmills (not shown) of the outer and inner bearing shells 11, 12 and 13 increases, tightening the nut 14 by mechanical action on the corresponding distance washer 16, the above-mentioned gap between the rollers and the treadmills of the outer and inner race of bearings 11, 12 and 13.

Thus, the claimed design, including bevel 2 and cylindrical gear shafts 4, 6 and shaft 8, bearings 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the type of tapered-roller single row, adjusting nuts 14 in the covers 15 of the housing 1 with spacers 16 in increments a threaded connection, empirically selected optimally appropriate, equal to 1.5 mm, optimally evenly distributes the variable axial loads in the gearing, eliminates irreversible wear of the bearings, provides the ability to adjust the optimal clearance in the bearing It increases the reliability of the gear reducer.

Claims (1)

A gear reducer comprising a housing, three stages composed of gears rigidly connected to shafts that are rotatably mounted in bearings in the housing, characterized in that it further comprises adjusting nuts with spacer washers fixed in the housing covers at the shaft ends, installed in bearings of the type tapered roller single row, the first stage is made conical, the other stages are cylindrical with helical gearing, the second stage contains two adjusting nuts, third stage wheel and the shaft of the third stage - one adjusting nut, wherein the step of adjusting nut threaded connection empirically selected optimum fit, equal to 1.5 mm.

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