RU2374565C1 - Photonic heating network - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating systems.

SUBSTANCE: photonic heating network includes power supply and control units, laser sources, fibre optic cable, optical connectors and terminal devices. To heating network there introduced are heating radiators with absolutely black body chambers, temperature sensors, optical transmitter, optical fibre of feedback line, optical receiver. At that, temperature sensors outlets are connected to inlet of optical transmitter the outlet of which is connected to inlet of optical fibre the outlet of which is connected to control inlet of power supply and control device the outlet of which is connected to inlet of laser sources the outlets of which are connected to inlets of photon crystalline fibres of optical cable the outlets of which are connected by means of optical connectors to sections of photon crystalline fibres the outlets of which are connected to absolutely black body chambers located inside heating radiators.

EFFECT: improving power effectiveness, eliminating the problem of defrosting, time and costs on routing, preventive maintenance and service, heating network weight is considerably decreased and its flexibility is increased.

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Description

The invention relates to heat engineering, in particular to heating networks, and more particularly to heating networks of central or local heating systems of rooms or other volumes that must be reliably heated. This invention also relates to the use of nanotechnology (nanophotonics) in central and (or) local heating systems.

This type of device is also used in “smart”, energy-saving houses and other rooms that need to be reliably heated with low energy consumption.

To date, electric wires have been laid for space heating as electric heating lines or pipes through which hot water is supplied.

However, when using electricity or hot water, there are large costs for installing the necessary devices, as well as high running costs, a large amount of electricity or fuel is required.

For the construction of heat supply networks it is necessary to alienate significant areas of land, which, given the high cost of land, especially in large cities, increase the cost of the networks themselves. Temporary cessation of hot water supply to heating networks in the cold season usually leads to a “thaw” in pipelines and radiators, which causes significant economic damage. If electrical heating systems are used, there is a risk of leakage, electric shock, or fire when the wires are heated.

Known fiber-optic (photon) heating network for the home, used for heating and laser insulation of residential premises, roofs and cellars [1], consisting of laser sources (a line of lasers), a power and control device, fiber-optic cables, optical connectors and terminal devices.

A disadvantage of the known network is the presence of layered panels in the terminal device for heating walls and floors, in which a layer of artificial or natural resins is used to convert optical energy to heat, which requires a significant change in house building technology and eliminates the need for quick and low-cost adaptation of existing rooms for its application.

In addition, artificial or natural resins offered in the well-known network, such as, for example, the most common epoxy or coal tar, are usually strong carcinogens, which excludes their use in residential and limits their use in non-residential premises. The relatively low coefficient of conversion of radiant energy into thermal resins reduces the efficiency of the heat network, and their relatively low thermal conductivity forces the use of multichannel input of optical energy through optical fibers for each of its laminated panels, which cover the entire area of the walls and floor of the room (5 pcs. Per panel). This leads to an increase in additional energy losses per division and (or) to a corresponding increase in the number of lasers and complication of the entire network design, as well as an increase in its cost. In addition, the resins used in the known heat network have low resistance to radiant energy and a low melting point, which significantly reduces the energy potential of the network and limits its practical capabilities.

The known heating network, namely, the control device, does not include a remote temperature sensor (s), thus eliminating the network operation in climate control mode.

The single task to which this invention is directed is to increase efficiency, energy potential, reduce the cost of the photon heating network, obtain the possibility of low-cost conversion of premises for its use, as well as ensure comfort and environmental cleanliness during operation.

To do this, we propose a photon heating network based on the elemental base of nanophotonics (nanotechnology), which uses highly efficient conversion of optical energy to heat in absolutely black body chambers (CABT) installed directly in modernized central heating radiators.

The essence of the invention consists in the use of standard aluminum heating radiators as terminal devices, into which metal CACTs are inserted, which convert the optical energy supplied to them via optical fibers from powerful quantum-sized (nanoscale) heterolasers with an efficiency close to 100%.

A single technical result, which can be obtained by carrying out the invention, is simultaneously expressed in the following:

a) increasing energy efficiency, b) eliminating the problem of “defrosting,” c) reducing the time for laying and installation, d) reducing the cost and costs of laying and maintenance, e) reducing weight, dimensions, e) increasing comfort for consumers, g) high environmental friendliness.

The specified single technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that, compared with the known [1], which is the closest analogue to the claimed, with common features: the presence of laser sources, power and control devices, fiber optic cables, optical connectors and terminals, heating radiators with absolutely black body cameras, a feedback fiber-optic link, consisting of temperature sensors, an optical transmitter, an optical fiber and an optical receiver, the device ( power supply and control unit 1 (BPU) is connected to a matrix of powerful heterolasers with optical matching devices 2, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding optical fibers 3 (OV) of the optical cable 4 (OK), the outputs of which are connected via optical connectors 5 (OS) with 6 OV sections directly connected to heating radiators 7 with absolutely black body cameras 8 (KACHT), in the immediate vicinity of which there are temperature sensors 9 connected to an optical transmitter 10, the output of which is connected to the input the house of the optical fiber 11, the output of which is connected to the input of the optical receiver 12, the output of which is connected to the control input of the control unit.

Thanks to the use of standard aluminum heating radiators, which have undergone minor modernization, as a terminal device, a significant reduction in the cost of the photon heating system and the cost of its implementation in existing housing stock and non-residential premises is achieved.

Black-body metal chambers in heating radiators, which convert the optical energy supplied to them with an efficiency close to 100%, provide a significant increase in the efficiency of the photon heating system while preserving the environment ecology.

Multimode optical fibers with a large core diameter in the optical cable provide the transmission of large optical power from a matrix of powerful quantum-well heterolasers to terminal devices (heating radiators), which greatly expands the field of application of the photonic heating network.

The use of room temperature sensors with feedback FOCL allows for climate control, which improves profitability and increases the level of comfort.

It is also possible to implement an air-mobile heating system with a high factory readiness (ATSVZG) for quick delivery and rapid deployment in the event of a heating network accident in the winter, especially in the northern regions.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of a photon heating system.

Here: 1 - power supply and control unit; 2 - laser sources (matrix of powerful heterolasers); 3 - optical fibers; 4 - optical cable; 5 - optical connectors; 6 - segments of the optical fiber (patch cord) for inputting optical energy directly into the CASH; 7 - heating radiators; 8 - CASHT; 9 - temperature sensors in the room (rooms); 10 - optical transmitter with ADC; 11 - optical fiber; 12 is an optical receiver.

As laser sources 2, matrices of powerful quantum-well hetero-lasers with quasicontinuous power of more than 15 kW can be used [2], and the efficiency of individual hetero-lasers currently exceeds 74% [3], modern multimode optical fibers 3, despite their small size, can be transmitted over several kW of continuous optical energy in a wide temperature range [4], absolutely black body cameras 8 can convert optical energy to heat with an efficiency close to 100% [5-7].

The device operates as follows: the electric power supplied from the power supply and control device 1 to the laser sources 2 is converted into optical, then the optical energy is transmitted through the optical fibers 3 of the optical cable 4 to the heating radiators 7 connected through the optical connectors 5 and the segments of the optical fiber 6 and introduced in cameras of an absolutely black body 8, installed inside them, where it is converted with high efficiency into heat. Temperature sensors 9 monitor the current temperature inside the heated rooms, information about which is fed to the ADC of the optical transmitter 10, which multiplexes it and transmits it via an optical feedback fiber 11 to the optical receiver, the signals from which are fed to the control input of the power and control device 1 after processing are used to control the power of the respective lasers of the laser source 2, thereby maintaining the programmed or manually set temperature inside the heated rooms.

Information sources

1. JP 2003328548, K. Yasuhi, N. Hideki, Int. C1. A01M 1/04; A01M 29/00; E04B 1/72; E04F 13/08; E04F 15/18; F24D 13/02; G02F 1/01; G08B 13/186; 11/19/2003.

2. Data Sheet Laser Arrays AQ081Q15000 // Roithner lasertechnik GmbH. - www.roithner-laser.com. 2008.

3. Vinokurov D.A., Zorina C.A., Tarasov I.S. et al. Powerful semiconductor lasers based on asymmetric separate-limiting heterostructures // Physics and Technology of Semiconductors. - 2005. - T.39, issue 3 - p. 388-393.

4. High-Power Delivery Fibers. Photonics and instrumentation. Newport Co. // www.newport.com. 2008.

5. Saveliev I.V. The course of general physics in 3 vols. - M .: Nauka, ed. 4th. - t. 3. - 1970.

6. The device for measuring the power of optical radiation IMO-2. Technical description. GOST 24469-80.

7. Power meter of technological lasers RSI-EI. - Technical description. - IL. 173.00.000 TU.

Claims (1)

A photon heating network containing power and control devices, laser sources, fiber optic cable, optical connectors, end devices, characterized in that heating radiators with absolutely black body cameras, temperature sensors, an optical transmitter, feedback fiber optical fiber are introduced into it, an optical receiver, the outputs of the temperature sensors being connected to the input of the optical transmitter, the output of which is connected to the input of the optical fiber, the output of which is connected to the control input of the device The power supply and control, the output of which is connected to the input of laser sources, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the photonic crystal fibers of the optical cable, the outputs of which, by means of optical connectors, are connected to the segments of the photocrystalline fibers, the outputs of which are connected to the cameras of an absolutely black body inside the heating radiators.