RU2372993C2 - Spiral separator (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: this invention refers to the enrichment of the mineral resources in the spiral separators and in particular, for the improvement of the efficiency of the extraction of the fine gold during enrichment of the gold-containing ore and the sand in mining industry. Spiral separator includes spiral operation body made in the cross-section in the form of semi-channel with the external board and connected to the central support column, mechanism for original power supply receipt, mechanism for delivery of the washwater, cutoff plates of the concentrate. According to one version of the spiral separator, the mechanism for the washwater delivery is made in the form of the channel formed by the surface of the support column, semi-channel's bottom and limiter installed on the bottom whereof. The limiter is made with the variable altitude decreasing along its longitudinal axis from up to bottom in order to provide uniform supply of the washwater. According to the other version of the spiral separator, spiral semi-channel is connected to the support column surface by the directing sleeve made with the longitudinal groove for the washwater and longitudinal slot on the side face to locate the bottom of the semi-channel. On the upper surface there are dents of the variable depth. The groove is made with variable depth decreasing along its longitudinal axis from up to bottom. In the limiter there are transverse through holes.

EFFECT: invention improves the efficiency of the extraction of the fine gold and improves the quality of the schlich gold concentrate.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to mineral processing on screw separators, in particular to increase the efficiency of the extraction of fine gold in the processing of gold-bearing ores and sands in the mining industry.

State of the art

Known screw apparatus for mineral processing, including the main channel, an additional surface, a device for receiving the original pulp and a device for dividing the products of enrichment and the Central pipe / 1 /.

A disadvantage of the known apparatus is the low quality of the concentrate due to the lack of transverse flows of flushing water.

Closest to the proposed invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result is a screw separator, including a source power receiving device, a screw chute, a flush water supply device, an enrichment product cutoff device and support racks. The source power receiving device is box-type, consistent with the outer and inner sides of the upper part of the helical groove. The helical chute has a cross-sectional profile that includes forming a straight line of the inner side, descending at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal until it intersects with a straight line forming the bottom of the chute, at a distance of 0.2 from the diameter of the chute when counting from the vertical axis of the device. The straight line forming the bottom of the gutter is located at an angle of 5-10 ° to the horizon and is consistent with the forming of the outer side, made in a circle with a radius of 0.1-0.2 from the diameter of the gutter, while the maximum vertical dimension of the profile is 0.25-0 , 3 from the diameter of the gutter. The helical groove in the center contains a central pipe with holes made along a helical line according to the helical line of the upper cut of the inner side, for supplying flush water. The holes are made at an angle of 45-60 ° to the vertical axis of the device, and the central pipe is rigidly fixed with the inner side of the gutter to ensure its rigidity and strength, the concentrate cut-off is made in the form of a short straight groove at the exit slice of the last turn of the helical gutter, and support legs fastened directly to the outer side of the gutter / 2 /.

The disadvantage of this screw separator is the inefficiency of the enrichment process due to the uneven flow of flush water. Under actual operating conditions of the separator, the holes become clogged with suspensions and dirt. With increasing water pressure in the pipe, strong narrow-directed jets of water violate the steady fan of the distribution of minerals on the surface of the helical groove. The development and installation of jet dampers at each hole are unjustified and complicate the design.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a screw separator comprising a screw working case, made in cross section in the form of a semi-groove with an external side and connected to a central support column, an initial power supply receiving device, a flush water supply device, enrichment product cutoffs, a device for flush water supply is made in the form of a groove formed by the surface of the support column, the bottom of the semi-gutter and the limiter installed on the bottom of the latter, while the limiter is made with volume, decreasing along its longitudinal axis from top to bottom to ensure uniform flow of flushing water. On the upper surface of the limiter, notches of variable depth are made. The groove can be made with a variable depth, decreasing along its longitudinal axis from top to bottom. In the limiter, transverse through holes can be made.

In a screw separator (option), which includes a screw working case made in cross section in the form of a semi-groove with an external side and connected to the central support column, a source power supply device, a device for supplying flush water, enrichment product cut-offs, a screw semi-channel is connected to the supporting surface racks through a guide sleeve made with a longitudinal groove for flushing water and a longitudinal groove on the side to accommodate the bottom of the semi-groove.

Figure 1 shows a fragment of a screw separator; figure 2 is a section of a semi-groove with a groove; figure 3 is a section of a semi-groove with a limiter.

The screw separator (Fig. 1) consists of a helical half-groove 2 mounted on a central support column 1. Around the central support column 1 there is a spiral groove 3 (Fig. 2) formed by the surface of the support column 1, the bottom of the semi-groove 2 and the limiter 4 installed on the bottom of the semi-chute 2. The limiter 4 can be made with a variable height, decreasing along its longitudinal axis from top to bottom in a spiral to ensure uniform flow of flush water. On the upper surface of the limiter, transverse notches of variable depth can be made to equalize the water overflows to the semi-channel 2. On the limiter 4, transverse through holes can also be made.

The groove 3 around the Central support rack can be made in the form of a recess in the bottom of the screw groove 2 (Fig.3). The groove 3 on the outside is limited by the overflow nut 7.

The helical half-groove can be connected to the surface of the support column through the guide sleeve 5, provided with a longitudinal groove 3 for flushing water and a longitudinal groove 6 on the side to accommodate the bottom of the half-groove 2.

The device operates as follows.

The initial pulp is fed evenly over the entire cross-section of the semi-gutter to the separator. When the pulp makes revolutions on a helical surface, light minerals under the influence of centrifugal acceleration are distributed around the periphery of the semi-groove 2, and heavy minerals of the pulp are redistributed towards the central support column 1 (Fig. 1). As a result of the circulation jets in the axial part of the separator, occurring at shallow depths of the water flow in the strip occupied by the concentrate on the horizontal section of the bottom of the semi-trench 2, the schlich strip is stretched in width and the mineral grains are redistributed in density. Minerals of the highest density, including gold, move along the section of the schlicht strip closest to the separator axis, forming a yellow “gold track” and are cut off at the discharge end of the separator through the end cutter section closest to the separator axis. Minerals of lower density forming the intermediate product are cut off through the middle section of the end cutter, and then can be sent back to the enrichment cycle for cleaning. The lightest particles are displaced towards the outer side of the semi-groove 2 and are cut off at the discharge end of the separator through an adjustable slide device and sent to the tails.

The radial component of the stream flow velocity vector contributes to the production of a better quality concentrate concentrate. The formation of the transverse circulation of the water stream at shallow depths on the horizontal section of the bottom of the semi-groove 2 near the axis of the separator is facilitated by the flow of flushing water through a groove 3 adjacent to the support column 1. The uniformity of the flow of flushing water is achieved by smoothly reducing the height of the limiter 4 to control overflow of water, as well as applying the upper section of the transverse incisions of different depths, if necessary.

To ensure the supply of flushing water to the “dead” zones of the working surface of the semi-groove, it is possible to drill transverse through holes in the limiter 4 of the desired direction.

Using the guide sleeve 5 to connect the semi-groove 2 with the support rack 1 allows the manufacture of a screw separator in a collapsible version, which ensures ease of use in the field. The guide sleeve can be used to control the enrichment mode by adjusting the pitch of the spiral.

When performing the groove 3 around the Central support rack 1 in the form of a recess in the bottom of the semi-groove 2 (figure 3), the uniformity of the flow of flush water is provided by the choice of the height of the overflow nut 7.

The manufacture of helical half-gutter is not very difficult. Fiberglass, rubber, plastic, etc. are suitable as the material. To increase the elasticity, strength and wear resistance, semi-grooves can be reinforced in several layers. The fixing of the helical half-gutter on the support column is carried out by mechanical fastening or by using adhesives. The groove limiter can be mounted on the bottom surface by mechanical fastening or gluing. The guide sleeve is made of elastic material.

Using a technical solution will improve the quality of the obtained concentrate of concentrate gold in the enrichment of gold-containing sands with fine gold by improving the quality of the flow of flushing water by uniform distribution of its flow rate.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate No. 680760, cl. B03B 5/52, claimed 11/10/77.

2. RF patent No. 2169047, cl. B03B 5/52.

3. Shokhin V.N. Gravity enrichment methods. M .: Nedra, 1993.S. 249-250, 259.

Claims (5)

1. A screw separator, including a screw working housing, made in cross section in the form of a semi-groove with an external side, and connected to a central support column, a source power receiving device, a flush water supply device, enrichment product cutoffs, characterized in that the supply device flush water is made in the form of a groove formed by the surface of the support column, the bottom of the semi-gutter and the limiter mounted on the bottom of the latter, while the limiter is made with a variable height, reduce running along its longitudinal axis from top to bottom, to ensure uniform flow of flushing water. 2. The screw separator according to claim 1, characterized in that notches of variable depth are made on the upper surface of the limiter. 3. The screw separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove is made with a variable depth, decreasing along its longitudinal axis from top to bottom. 4. The screw separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the limiter is provided with transverse through holes. 5. A screw separator, including a screw working case, made in cross section in the form of a semi-groove with an external side, and connected to a central support column, an initial power receiving device, a device for supplying flush water, enrichment product cut-offs, characterized in that the semi-helical screw is connected with the surface of the support column through a guide sleeve made with a longitudinal groove for flushing water and a longitudinal groove on the side to accommodate the bottom of the semi-gutter.

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