RU2372665C2 - Method to transfer signal (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: invention provides the self-diagnostic check by the control of the state and transfer of the additional signal to the control and indicating equipment. There are ways to realise the method of the signal transfer from the linear device to the fire control and indicating equipment through one connection line where the main signal is transferred in the form of the analog signal to be able to control the connection line by the control and indicating equipment as to the break and short circuits. The essence of these versions lies in the transfer of the additional signal on the same line by its breakage or short circuit in the normal or reversed polarity by the switch.

EFFECT: increases the security of the operation and expands the functional capacities.

3 cl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to an automatic fire alarm, in particular, to a method for transmitting signals from a linear device to a fire alarm control panel via a communication line, for example, from a fire detector or control module, and can be used to transmit an additional signal, for example, a detector dust signal.

A known method of transmitting signals in a digital code from a linear device to a control panel over a two-wire communication line, including transmitting the main signal, for example, for a fire detector - fire alarm (see, for example, www.systemsensor.it). In the digital code, additional signals are also transmitted from the line device via the same communication line.

The transmission of an additional signal allows, for example, for a fire detector, to implement functions that increase the reliability of fire detection, increase its reliability due to automatic diagnostics; for the control module allows transmitting information about the health of the control circuit, etc. For example, transmitting a signal about the dustiness of an optical camera helps prevent false alarms of the detector, helps organize timely dust cleaning, and identifies and replaces faulty detectors.

A disadvantage of the known method of signal transmission is the high cost of the facility equipment that provides digital communication, which does not allow its use in small facilities where cheaper loop-type (analog) equipment is used.

There is also a method of transmitting an analog signal from a linear device to a fire alarm control panel via a two-wire communication line, with the possibility of monitoring the communication line by an alarm control panel for open and short circuits (see, for example, www.notifier.com).

The known method of transmitting information is simple to implement, however, it does not allow, in addition to the main analog signal, to transmit additional signals from a linear device on the same communication line. The use of the additional functions of linear devices described above, such as self-diagnosis, etc., without transmitting information to the control panel does not make sense.

For this reason, there is a need to develop a method of signal transmission, providing the transmission of two analog signals that carry different information from a linear device to a control panel on the same communication line.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the reliability and functional saturation of linear devices in small objects due to the ability to provide self-diagnosis functions of inexpensive non-addressable (loopback) linear devices: monitoring the dust content of fire detectors, monitoring the health of the control circuit of relay modules, etc. Previously, these functions were available only to expensive digital (address) communication systems.

The object of the present invention is implemented in embodiments of a method for transmitting an additional signal regarding cases of constant and alternating supply of a communication line.

In one embodiment of the method for transmitting signals from a linear device to a fire alarm control panel through one two-wire communication line, in which the main signal is transmitted as an analog signal, with the possibility that the control panel controls the communication line for open and short circuit, transmit an additional signal the same communication line, for which the linear device is additionally provided with a normally-closed key, connected in series to the break of the communication line, while the additional signal is transmitted by periodically by manually opening the key for 0.1 ms - 1.5 seconds, or the line device is additionally equipped with a normally open key connected in parallel to the communication line, and an additional signal is transmitted by periodically closing the key for 0.1 ms - 1.5 sec .

At the same time, changing the key state for less than 0.1 ms makes it difficult to detect such a short pulse by the control panel, especially when working with a long communication line.

Changing the key state for more than 1.5 seconds is perceived by linear devices as a command to cancel the alarm from the control panel.

In another embodiment of the method for transmitting signals from a linear device to a fire alarm control panel through one two-wire communication line, in which the main signal is transmitted in the form of an analog signal, with the possibility that the control panel controls the communication line for open and short circuit, form using control device alternating power of the communication line and transmit an additional signal on the same communication line, for which the line device or additionally provide a normally-closed key, is turned on connected sequentially to the open line of the communication line and shunted by a directly connected diode, while the additional signal is transmitted by opening the key, or the line device is additionally equipped with a normally-open key connected in series and a reverse connected diode connected in parallel to the communication line, while the additional signal is transmitted by closing the key.

The essence of the options for implementing the method of transmitting signals from a linear device to a fire alarm control panel on a single communication line, which is transmitted in the form of an analog signal, with the possibility of monitoring the communication line by an alarm control panel for open and short circuit, consists in transmitting an additional signal on the same communication line by breaking or shorting it in direct or reverse polarity with a key.

The transmission of an additional signal from a linear device when operating in an alternating communication line is more preferable, since the transmission of an additional signal is performed on the reverse polarity, which does not interrupt the power supply of the linear devices and does not impede the transmission of the main signal on a direct polarity.

It is preferable to block the additional signal from the linear device by opening the key when the voltage in the communication line is less than 3-16 V.

If the break of the communication line by opening the key is made in direct polarity, then to maintain the operability of the linear device, it is necessary to provide its power, which is provided from the control panel via the same communication line. To do this, a break in the communication line is made between the linear device and the end element (resistor or capacitor), maintaining the communication of the linear device with the device, and at the same time providing the device with the ability to determine the fact of a break in the communication line.

In the event of a real short circuit of the communication line in the area between the linear device and the end element in the communication line, unstable behavior may occur - an oscillatory process. Since the voltage in the line as a result of the circuit drops, the power supply to the line device stops, it transmits a fault signal, opens the key and forms a break in the communication line. As a result, the short-circuited line section is disconnected, the communication line is restored, and the power of the linear device is also restored. The animated line device connects the short-circuited section of the communication line, a short circuit occurs again, and this process of connecting-disconnecting the short-circuited section of the communication line begins to repeat periodically.

To prevent such an oscillatory process in a faulty (short-circuited) line, the transmission of an additional signal from a line device by breaking the communication line is blocked (forbidden) when the voltage in the communication line in the direct polarity is less than a certain value selected from the range of 3-16 V.

The lower limit of the range is determined by the fact that the operation of the linear device, including providing it with a blocking function, is impossible at voltages below 3 V.

At a rated supply voltage of a linear device of 24 V in standby mode, it should remain operational when the supply voltage is reduced to 17-18 V. At these voltages, i.e. above 16 V, the line device must be able to transmit an additional signal. Voltages of 16 V and below correspond to fire alarm or short circuit levels. In both of these cases, the transmission of an additional signal is impractical or impossible, and with a short circuit can lead to the oscillatory process described above. In this regard, blocking of the additional signal is unacceptable at voltages above 16 V in the communication line, which correspond to normal operation.

The essence of the method of transmitting signals from a linear device via the same communication line (via an alarm loop), through which the main signal is transmitted and the linear device is powered, is illustrated by non-limiting examples of its implementation.

Example 1

To implement this method of signal transmission, a linear device in the form of a relay control module is connected using one two-wire communication line with an end element in the form of a resistor to a fire alarm control panel capable of controlling a communication line in direct polarity when transmitting an analog signal, as well as controlling a communication line open and short circuit using an end resistor. Actuators, for example sirens, powered by an external voltage source, are connected to the relay contacts of the module. In addition to the module, fire detectors are included in the communication line to determine the source of the fire.

In this case, the module is additionally equipped with a normally-closed key, which is connected in series to the communication line break, realizing a three-point connection of the module to the communication line.

When the fire detector generates the main fire signal, it is transmitted to the control panel in the form of an analog signal by changing the output resistance of the detector in the communication line, for example, similarly to www.notifier.com. At the same time, the control module also senses this signal and, using a relay, turns on the sirens.

In standby mode, the serviceability of the siren control circuit, connected to the relay contacts of the module, and the presence of an external siren supply voltage are monitored. If a control circuit malfunction is detected or there is no external supply voltage, an additional signal “Control circuit malfunction” is transmitted to the control panel in the form of an analog signal by periodically opening the key for 0.3 sec with a repetition period of 1 sec. The signal is perceived by the control panel and is indicated by it as “Line break”.

At the same time, the “Line break” condition is kept on the device for 1 second, and since the status is periodically confirmed by the module, it is displayed continuously on the device.

Example 2

An example according to Example 1, in which the transmission of an additional signal from the module is blocked (prohibited) when the voltage in the communication line is less than 7 volts.

In the event of an accident - closing of the end resistor - the voltage at the terminals of the control panel drops to values not higher than 6 V (voltage can reach 6 V with a long line with a high resistance), and the device displays the status "Line closure". Moreover, the stability of this state is ensured by the fact that the module, despite the fact that it is not able to maintain its operability at such low voltages, blocks the opening of the key and ensures the integrity of the communication line, while maintaining a short circuit condition and preventing the oscillatory process described above .

Example 3

To implement this method of signal transmission, a linear device in the form of a fire smoke detector is connected using a two-wire communication line with an end element in the form of a resistor to a fire alarm control panel that can control the communication line in direct polarity when transmitting an analog signal, as well as control the communication line on open and short with an end resistor.

In this case, the detector is additionally equipped with a normally-open key connected in parallel to the communication line.

When the detector generates the main fire signal, it is transmitted to the control panel in the form of an analog signal by changing the output resistance of the detector in the communication line, for example, similarly to www.notifier.com.

In standby mode, the detector is in good condition, and if a malfunction of any node is detected, or the detector’s monitored parameters go beyond the permissible limits, an additional signal “Detector malfunction” is sent to the control panel in the form of an analog signal by periodically locking the key for a period of 0.3 sec with a repetition period of 1 sec. The signal is perceived by the control panel and is indicated by it as “Line closure”.

At the same time, the device keeps the “Line closure” status for 1 second, and since the status is periodically confirmed by the detector, it is displayed continuously on the device. In the pauses between signal transmissions, the control panel is able to receive the main fire signal from other detectors in the line, of course, if the line contains a small number of faulty detectors.

Example 4

To implement this method of signal transmission, a linear device in the form of a fire smoke detector is connected using a two-wire communication line with an end element in the form of a resistor to a fire alarm control panel capable of generating alternating power supply to the communication line and controlling it in direct and reverse polarity when transmitting an analog signal , and also using the terminal resistor to control the communication line for open and short-circuit separately in forward and reverse polarity.

At the same time, the detector is additionally equipped with a normally-closed key connected in series with the communication line gap and a diode directly shunted, realizing a three-point inclusion of the detector in the communication line.

When the detector generates the main fire signal, it is transmitted to the control panel in the form of an analog signal by changing the output resistance of the detector in the communication line, for example, similarly to www.notifier.com.

In standby mode, the detector is in good condition, and if a malfunction of any node is detected, or the detector’s monitored parameters are outside the permissible limits, an additional signal “Detector malfunction” is sent to the control panel in the form of an analog signal by opening the key. In this case, a break in the communication line occurs in reverse polarity, and in direct polarity the line maintains integrity due to the directly connected diode, which shunts the key.

The signal is perceived by the control panel and is indicated by it as “Detector malfunction”, in contrast to the actual break of the communication line, which is indicated by the device as “Loop break” and occurs simultaneously in both polarities.

The method allows you to maintain the integrity of the line in direct polarity, which provides full power to other linear devices connected to the communication line, as well as the transmission to the control panel of the main signal from them, which, as indicated, is transmitted in direct polarity.

Example 5

To implement this method of signal transmission, a linear device in the form of a fire smoke detector is connected using a two-wire communication line with an end element in the form of a resistor to a fire alarm control panel capable of generating alternating power supply to the communication line and controlling it in direct and reverse polarity when transmitting an analog signal , and also using the terminal resistor to control the communication line for open and short-circuit separately in forward and reverse polarity.

In this case, the detector is additionally equipped with a normally-open key connected in series and a back-on diode connected in parallel to the communication line.

When the detector generates the main fire signal, it is transmitted to the control panel in the form of an analog signal by changing the output resistance of the detector in the communication line, for example, similarly to www.notifier.com.

In standby mode, the detector is in good condition, and if a malfunction of any node is detected, or if the detector’s monitored parameters are outside the permissible limits, an additional signal “Detector malfunction” is transmitted to the control panel in the form of an analog signal by shorting the key. In this case, the communication line is closed in reverse polarity, and in the direct polarity there is no closure due to the back-connected diode connected in series with the key.

The signal is perceived by the control panel and is indicated by it as “Detector malfunction”, in contrast to the actual closure of the communication line, which is indicated by the device as “Loop loop” and occurs simultaneously in both polarities. At the same time, the power of this detector and other detectors in the communication line is not violated, since it is carried out on direct polarity, therefore, when the communication line is closed in reverse polarity, all detectors remain operational. In addition, it is possible to transmit to the control panel the main signal from the detectors, which, as indicated, is transmitted in direct polarity.

Advantages of the variants of this method of signal transmission, consisting in increasing the reliability of linear devices at small facilities with low-cost loop (analog) equipment, due to automatic diagnostics (for example, for fire detectors by increasing the reliability of fire detection during dust control, for control modules due to monitoring the operability of the control circuit, etc.), are ensured by the fact that the linear device transmits an additional signal "Fault" on the same two-wire link (loopback signaling) over which the transmission of the main signal from the linear devices.

Claims (3)

1. A method of transmitting signals from a linear device to a fire alarm control panel through one two-wire communication line, in which the main signal is transmitted in the form of an analog signal, with the possibility of control by the control panel of the communication line for open and short circuit, characterized in that they transmit an additional signal along the same communication line, for which the linear device is additionally provided with either a normally closed key connected in series with the communication line, the additional signal being transmitted by a period Cesky wrench opening time of 0.1 ms - 1.5 with either linear device further is provided with normally open key included in the parallel link and an additional signal is transmitted through the periodic circuit at time 0.1 ms Key - 1.5 s. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission of the additional signal from the linear device is blocked by opening the key when the voltage in the communication line in the direct polarity is less than 3-16 V. 3. A method of transmitting signals from a linear device to a fire alarm control panel through one two-wire communication line, in which the main signal is transmitted in the form of an analog signal, with the possibility of control by the control panel of the communication line for open and short, characterized in that by receiving -control instrument form alternating power supply of the communication line and transmit an additional signal on the same communication line, for which the linear device or additionally provide a normally closed key, included after This is followed by a break in the communication line and a directly connected diode being shunted, while the additional signal is transmitted by opening the key, or the line device is additionally equipped with a diode connected in series with a normally open key and a back-connected diode connected in parallel to the communication line, while the additional signal is transmitted by closing the key.