JP2017130048A - Fire receiver and disaster prevention system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire receiver capable of detecting abnormality of communication with a fire sensor and a disaster prevention system using the same.SOLUTION: A fire receiver 1 comprises a pair of terminals P11, P12 and a growing dull detection part 13. The growing dull detection part 13 detects a growing dull degree of a voltage signal formed of a voltage between a pair of electric wires 51, 52 connected between the pair of terminals P11, P12 when a pulse signal is output from a signal generation part 8. The signal generation part 8 outputs the pulse signal which changes at least from a first voltage level to a second voltage level following to rise or fall of the voltage between the pair of terminals P11, P12. The growing dull detection part 13 detects the growing dull degree of the voltage signal based on a period since a time point when the voltage between the pair of terminals P11, P12 starts rise or fall, until a time when the voltage between the pair of terminals P11, P12 reaches the second voltage level.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire receiver and a disaster prevention system using the fire receiver.

  Conventionally, a P-type (Proprietary-type) automatic fire alarm system (disaster prevention system) in which a fire receiver and a fire detector are connected to a sensor line (a pair of wires) is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). . The fire detector described in Patent Document 1 detects a fire and transmits a fire signal to a fire receiver. The output of the fire signal from the fire detector is held by the function of the signal self-holding circuit of the fire detector until the fire detector is restored (reset) by the fire receiver.

JP 2002-8154 A

  When the fire receiver and the fire detector communicate via a pair of electric wires, a communication error is likely to occur as the length of the pair of electric wires increases. Moreover, a communication error may be caused by aged deterioration of a pair of electric wires.

  This invention is made in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the fire receiver which can detect abnormality of communication with a fire detector, and a disaster prevention system using the same.

  The fire receiver of the present invention is a fire receiver that communicates with a fire detector that detects the occurrence of a fire and transmits a fire report, and includes a pair of terminals connected to a pair of electric wires, and the pair of terminals. A receiving unit that receives a signal including at least the fire report from the fire detector connected to an electric wire based on a change in voltage between the pair of terminals; and an application unit that applies a voltage between the pair of terminals; A dullness detecting unit connected between the pair of terminals and detecting a dullness degree of a voltage signal composed of a voltage between the pair of electric wires, wherein the blunting detection unit outputs a pulse signal from the signal generating unit. The signal generator is configured to detect a degree of dullness of the voltage signal, and the signal generator is configured to detect a second voltage different from the first voltage level from the first voltage level as the voltage rises or falls. Up to level The pulse signal that changes at least between the pair of terminals is output between the pair of terminals, and the blunt detection unit detects the first voltage level as the voltage of the pulse signal input between the pair of terminals rises or falls. A time from when the voltage between the pair of terminals starts to rise or fall when the voltage between the pair of terminals reaches the second voltage level at least when changing from the first voltage level to the second voltage level. Based on the above, the degree of blunting of the voltage signal is detected.

  The disaster prevention system of the present invention includes the above-described fire receiver, and a fire detector that transmits the fire report to the fire receiver when the occurrence of a fire is detected.

  The fire receiver of the present invention and the disaster prevention system using the fire receiver can detect an abnormality in communication with the fire detector in the fire receiver.

It is a whole block diagram of the disaster prevention system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of a disaster prevention system same as the above. It is a schematic block diagram explaining the principal part of the fire receiver which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the voltage waveform figure of the signal which a fire receiver same as the above transmits / receives, and the voltage waveform figure of the signal input into a blunt detection part. It is the voltage waveform figure of the signal which the fire receiver which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention transmits, and the voltage waveform figure of the signal which a fire receiver receives. It is a voltage waveform figure of the signal input into the blunt detection part of a fire receiver same as the above. It is the voltage waveform figure of the signal which the fire receiver which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention transmits / receives, and the voltage waveform figure of the signal input into a blunt detection part.

  A conventionally known P-type disaster prevention system, such as the automatic fire alarm system described in Patent Document 1, has a rule regarding wiring (for example, a rule regarding wiring resistance). If this rule is not satisfied, a communication error may occur in communication between the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2. For example, a communication error is likely to occur when the length of a pair of installed wires is longer than the maximum wiring length determined on the basis of the rules regarding wiring resistance. As an example, when an unnecessary electric wire is branched and connected to a pair of electric wires due to a mistake during construction or the like, the length of the pair of electric wires becomes long. In this case, the line capacity of the pair of electric wires is larger than that at the time of design. Therefore, the bluntness generated in the voltage waveform of the signal transmitted to the pair of electric wires increases, and there is a possibility that the allowable value of the blunting in the signal transmitted to the pair of electric wires may be exceeded. As a result, there is a possibility that a communication error (communication abnormality) using a pair of electric wires is likely to occur.

(Embodiment 1)
The fire receiver 1 in this embodiment and the disaster prevention system A1 using the same are demonstrated with reference to FIGS.

  The fire receiver 1 is used in a P-type (Proprietary-type) disaster prevention system A1 in which a fire detector 2 that detects the occurrence of a fire is connected to a pair of electric wires 51 and 52. The fire detector 2 of the disaster prevention system A1 detects the occurrence of a fire and notifies the fire receiver 1 of the occurrence. When the fire receiver 1 is notified of the occurrence of a fire from the fire detector 2, the fire receiver 1 performs a notification operation for notifying the occurrence of the fire.

  In the following description, the disaster prevention system A1 used for the collective housing 60 (for example, an apartment) will be described. Can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the disaster prevention system A <b> 1 includes 16 fire detectors 2 and one fire receiver 1. In the disaster prevention system A1, the fire detector 2 and the fire receiver 1 are electrically connected to a pair of electric wires 51 and 52, respectively.

  The fire detector 2 is, for example, a heat detector, a smoke detector, a flame detector or the like. When a fire occurrence is detected, a signal (hereinafter referred to as a fire occurrence notification) is generated by changing the voltage between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. , Called “Fire Report”).

  The fire detector 2 transmits a signal (hereinafter referred to as “linked information”) for interlocking the other device 70 to the fire receiver 1. The configuration of the fire detector 2 will be described later.

  The fire receiver 1 receives the signal transmitted from the fire detector 2 and, when the signal is a fire report, operates the alarm device electrically connected to the fire receiver 1 to Notify residents of the occurrence of a fire.

  Another device 70 is electrically connected to the fire receiver 1. When the fire receiver 1 receives the interlocking report from the fire detector 2, the fire receiver 1 transmits a control signal to the other device 70.

  The other apparatus 70 is fire extinguishing equipment such as smoke prevention equipment, emergency broadcasting equipment, an external transmission device, and a sprinkler, for example. The smoke prevention equipment is a fire door, smoke emission equipment, or the like. The other device 70 operates according to a control signal from the fire receiver 1. The external transfer device is, for example, a device that reports to the outside of the apartment house 60 in which the disaster prevention system A1 is installed (for example, a fire engine or a security company). The operation of the other device 70 is merely an example and can be changed as appropriate.

  The disaster prevention system A1 includes 16 fire detectors 2 and one fire receiver 1 for one apartment house 60. In the apartment house 60, four pairs of electric wires 51 and 52 are provided. Four pairs of electric wires 51 and 52 are connected to the fire receiver 1. A plurality of (four) fire detectors 2 are electrically connected to a pair of electric wires 51 and 52. The fire receiver 1 and the plurality of (16) fire detectors 2 are electrically connected to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, respectively, and transmit signals to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. In the disaster prevention system A1 according to the present embodiment, the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2 change the voltage E5 between the pair of wires 51 and 52 by drawing the current flowing through the pair of wires 51 and 52, respectively. Send fire reports, linked reports and communication signals. The communication signal is a signal for the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2 to communicate with each other via a pair of electric wires 51 and 52.

  The configuration of the fire receiver 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 shows a state in which one fire detector 2 is connected to one fire receiver 1 via a pair of electric wires 51 and 52, and another fire detector 2 and another pair of fire detectors 2 are connected. Illustration of the electric wires 51 and 52 is omitted.

  The fire receiver 1 includes a pair of terminals P11 and P12, a first receiving circuit 12 (receiving unit), an applying unit 7, and a dullness detecting unit 13. The fire receiver 1 of the present embodiment further includes a signal generation unit 8, a first transmission circuit 11 (transmission unit), a notification unit 5, a first control unit 14, an operation unit 6, and a first storage unit 4. And an interlocking unit 3 and a standby power source 9.

  An electric wire 51 is connected to the terminal P11. An electric wire 52 is connected to the terminal P12. Each of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is connected to a terminating resistor 80 (see FIG. 1) at the end opposite to the end to which the fire receiver 1 is connected.

  The application unit 7 applies a DC voltage between the pair of terminals 51 and 52 by applying a DC voltage (for example, 24 V) between the pair of terminals P11 and P12. The application unit 7 also supplies power for operation to the fire detector 2 connected to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.

  A resistor R10 is connected between the terminal P11 and the applying unit 7. The resistor R10 has a first function of converting a current of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 into a voltage, and a second function of limiting a current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 when the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 are short-circuited. It has two functions. The resistance value of the resistor R10 is about 470Ω as an example, but is not limited to this resistance value.

  When the first transmission circuit 11 draws the current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, the current value of the current flowing through the resistor R10 changes, and the voltage between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 changes. The operation of the first transmission circuit 11 is controlled by the first control unit 14.

  The first transmission circuit 11 changes the voltage between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 and transmits a communication signal to the fire detector 2. The communication signal is a signal whose voltage waveform is a rectangular wave.

  The 1st receiving circuit 12 receives the fire report which the fire detector 2 transmitted to a pair of electric wires 51 and 52, an interlocking report, and a signal for communication, respectively. The 1st receiving circuit 12 detects the electric current which flows into a pair of electric wires 51 and 52 as an example. The first receiving circuit 12 converts the current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 into a voltage within a range that can be input to the first control unit 14, and outputs the voltage to the first control unit 14. The first control unit 14 identifies whether the signal received by the first receiving circuit 12 is a fire report, a linked report, or a communication signal.

  The fire receiver 1 includes a microcomputer as an example. The microcomputer realizes the first control unit 14 and the determination unit 131 (see FIG. 3) of the dullness detection unit 13 by executing the program stored in the memory of the microcomputer. The microcomputer has a timer function.

  The signal generator 8 changes the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 (that is, the voltage E5 between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52) and transmits the pulse signal G1 to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. The pulse signal G1 is a voltage signal whose voltage waveform is a rectangular wave. More specifically, the pulse signal G1 is a voltage signal in which the voltage waveform is a rectangular wave in a state where the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 have no line capacitance. In other words, the pulse signal G1 is an ideal rectangular wave signal in a state where the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 has no line capacitance.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the signal generation unit 8 includes a transistor Tr2 and a drive circuit 81 that drives the transistor Tr2. For example, the transistor Tr2 is an npn-type transistor. The collector terminal of the transistor Tr2 is electrically connected to the terminal P11. The emitter terminal of the transistor Tr2 is electrically connected to the circuit ground (the electric wire 52 in the present embodiment). The base terminal of the transistor Tr2 is electrically connected to the drive circuit 81. The operation of the drive circuit 81 is controlled by the first control unit 14.

  The first control unit 14 switches the ON state and the OFF state of the transistor Tr2 by controlling the base current that flows from the drive circuit 81 to the base terminal of the transistor Tr2. The on-state transistor Tr2 draws a current flowing from the applying unit 7 to the resistor R10. When the transistor Tr2 is turned on, as shown in FIG. 4, the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 (the voltage E5 between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52) is changed from the first voltage level V2 to the low level. To a third voltage level V1 (V1 <V2). The transistor Tr2 in the off state stops drawing current flowing from the applying unit 7 to the resistor R10. When the transistor Tr2 is turned off, the voltage (voltage E5) between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 changes from the third voltage level V1 to the first voltage level V2. The signal generator 8 switches the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 (the voltage E5 between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52) between the first voltage level V2 and the third voltage level V1, thereby generating a pair of pulse signals G1. Are generated at terminals P11 and P12. In other words, the signal generator 8 switches the voltage E5 between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 between the first voltage level V2 and the third voltage level V1 by generating the pulse signal G1 at the pair of terminals P11 and P12.

  The upper voltage waveform diagram in FIG. 4 shows the voltage waveform of the pulse signal G1 output from the signal generator 8. The pulse signal G1 is divided into periods T1 to T3. The pulse signal G1 is a signal with a rising or falling voltage in the order of the first voltage level V2, the third voltage level V1 lower than the first voltage level V2, and the first voltage level V2.

  The signal generator 8 does not draw the current flowing through the resistor R10 during the periods T1 and T3 shown in FIG. Therefore, in the periods T1 and T3, the voltage E5 between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is the first voltage level V2. The signal generator 8 draws the current flowing through the resistor R10 during the period T2 in FIG.

  The first control unit 14 controls the drive circuit 81 so that the voltage of the pulse signal G1 becomes the third voltage level V1 in the period T2. In other words, the first control unit 14 controls the drive circuit 81 so that the voltage of the pulse signal G1 is set to the third voltage level V1 for a predetermined period. Therefore, the length of the predetermined period in which the voltage of the pulse signal G1 is the third voltage level V1 (hereinafter referred to as “signal width W3”) is substantially equal to the length of the period T2. Information about the signal width W3 (the length of the predetermined period) is held in the first storage unit 4 made of a semiconductor memory such as an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory).

  The voltage signal between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 is received by the dullness detection unit 13. When the signal generator 8 outputs the pulse signal G1 between the pair of terminals P11 and P12, a voltage signal dulled by the line capacitance between the pair of wires 51 and 52 is generated between the pair of terminals P11 and P12. More specifically, the temporal change of the rise (or fall) of the voltage in the pulse signal G1 becomes gentle, and the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 changes from the first voltage level V2 to the third voltage level V1. There will be a delay before switching. The line capacity between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 increases as the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 becomes longer. Further, the line-to-line capacity between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 may increase due to aging degradation of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 in some cases. As the line capacity between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 increases, this delay increases. Hereinafter, the voltage signal received by the dullness detection unit 13 when the pulse signal G1 is output from the signal generation unit 8 is referred to as “reception signal SN1”. The voltage waveform of the reception signal SN1 is a waveform in which the voltage waveform of the pulse signal G1 is dull due to the line capacitance between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.

  As the line capacity between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 increases, the length of the period during which the received signal SN1 is at the third voltage level V1 becomes shorter. If the length of the period of the third voltage level V1 in the received signal SN1 is shorter than the allowable value, a communication error may occur when the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2 perform communication. Therefore, the fire receiver 1 according to the present embodiment detects an abnormality in communication between the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2 based on the dullness level (dullness level) of the received signal SN1.

  The dullness detection unit 13 includes a determination unit 131 and a voltage detection unit 132, as shown in FIG. The dullness detection unit 13 detects the dullness of the reception signal SN1 based on the voltage E1 output from the voltage detection unit 132.

  The voltage detection unit 132 includes a connection point P1 to which a DC voltage (for example, 3 V) is supplied, a connection point P2 to which a voltage is input, and a connection point P3 to output a voltage. The connection point P2 is electrically connected to the terminal P11 via the capacitor C1. The connection point P3 is electrically connected to the determination unit 131. The voltage waveform diagram in the lower part of FIG. 4 shows the voltage E1 between the connection point P3 of the voltage detector 132 and the circuit ground (the electric wire 52) when the pulse signal G1 is transmitted.

  The voltage detection unit 132 includes resistors R1 to R3 and an npn transistor Tr1. The collector terminal of the transistor Tr1 is connected to the connection point P1 through the resistor R1. The base terminal of the transistor Tr1 is connected to the connection point P2 via the resistor R3. The emitter terminal of the transistor Tr1 is electrically connected to the circuit ground (electric wire 52). A resistor R2 is electrically connected between the connection point P1 and the connection point P2.

  When no signal is transmitted to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 and the voltage E5 between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 does not fluctuate, a current flows from the connection point P1 to the base terminal of the transistor Tr1 through the resistors R2 and R3. Is flowing. Therefore, the transistor Tr1 is in the on state, and the voltage at the connection point P3 is the low level voltage level L1.

  When the voltage (voltage E5) between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 changes from the first voltage level V2 to the third voltage level V1, the current supplied from the connection point P1 flows to the capacitor C1, and thus the base terminal of the transistor Tr1. The flowing current decreases. Therefore, the transistor Tr1 changes from the on state to the off state, and the voltage at the connection point P3 changes from the low level voltage level L1 to the high level voltage level H1 (L1 <H1).

  The resistances of the resistors R2 and R3 are determined so that the transistor Tr1 is switched from the on state to the off state when the voltage (voltage E5) between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 reaches the second voltage level Vs1. Yes. In other words, the second voltage level Vs1 is a voltage level serving as a threshold at which the transistor Tr1 is switched between an on state and an off state.

  The second voltage level Vs1 is set to a voltage level between the first voltage level V2 and the third voltage level V1 (V1 <Vs1 <V2). More specifically, the second voltage level Vs1 is set to a voltage level that is closer to the third voltage level V1 than a voltage value that is an intermediate value (V1 + V2) / 2 between the voltage values V1 and V2.

  When the voltage of the reception signal SN1 changes from the first voltage level V2 to the third voltage level V1, when the voltage of the reception signal SN1 reaches the second voltage level Vs1, the voltage E1 at the connection point P3 is the voltage level H1. It becomes. On the other hand, when the voltage of the reception signal SN1 changes from the third voltage level V1 to the first voltage level V2, when the voltage of the reception signal SN1 reaches the second voltage level Vs1, the voltage E1 of the connection point P3 is The voltage level H1 changes to the voltage level L1. The second voltage level Vs1 is set to a voltage level closer to the third voltage level V1 than the first voltage level V2. Therefore, when the voltage of the received signal SN1 changes from the third voltage level V1 to the first voltage level V2, the timing at which the voltage of SN1 reaches the second voltage level Vs1 is considered to be substantially equal to the end timing of the period T2. Can do. In other words, it can be considered that the timings at which the voltages of the pulse signal G1 and the reception signal SN1 change from the third voltage level V1 to the first voltage level V2 are almost the same.

  The time from the start time of the period T2 (start of the fall of the pulse signal G1) to the time when the voltage of the reception signal SN1 reaches the second voltage level Vs1 is referred to as “delay time W1”. The delay time W1 represents the degree of dullness of the reception signal SN1. As the delay time W1 becomes larger than zero, the degree of dullness of the received signal SN1 increases.

  Determination unit 131 detects the dullness of received signal SN1 based on a change in voltage E1 at connection point P3. More specifically, the determination unit 131 detects the dullness of the reception signal SN1 based on the time when the voltage E1 is at the voltage level H1 and the signal width W3. In the following description, the length of the period in which the voltage of the reception signal SN1 is equal to or lower than the second voltage level Vs1 is referred to as “signal width W2”. The signal width W2 is the length of a period in which the voltage E1 is at the voltage level H1. For example, the determination unit 131 uses the timer function of the microcomputer to obtain the delay time W1 based on the signal width W3 and the signal width W2. In other words, the determination unit 131 obtains the degree of dullness of the received signal SN1 based on the signal width W3 and the signal width W2.

  Since the second voltage level Vs1 is determined so as to exclude an intermediate value between the voltage values V1 and V2, that is, a voltage value of (V1 + V2) / 2, the delay time W1 increases as the degree of dullness of the received signal SN1 increases. Becomes larger. Therefore, the signal width W2 becomes small. For example, when the ratio (W3 / W2) of the signal width W3 to the signal width W2 exceeds a specified value (specified ratio), the determination unit 131 causes an abnormality in communication via the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. Judge that The specified value (specified ratio) is, for example, a ratio representing the degree of dullness of the received signal SN1 when the length of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is the specified length. Therefore, the determination unit 131 determines that an abnormality has occurred in communication via the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 even when the length of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is equal to or longer than the specified length. .

  The signal transmitted from the fire detector 2 to the fire receiver 1 is similarly blunted by the line capacity of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. Therefore, the determination unit 131 detects the degree of blunting of the signal during communication between the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2 by detecting the degree of blunting of the reception signal SN1. In other words, the determination unit 131 detects an abnormality in communication between the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2.

  The notification unit 5 includes a liquid crystal display, for example. The operation of the notification unit 5 is controlled by the first control unit 14. When the determination unit 131 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the communication via the pair of electric wires 51, 52, the first control unit 14 notifies that there is an abnormality in the communication via the pair of electric wires 51, 52. 5 is displayed (a warning is displayed). The display content of the notification unit 5 includes, for example, notification of the occurrence of communication abnormality via the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, terminal information to which the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 where the abnormality has occurred are connected (a pair of terminals P11 and P11, Terminal number and symbol representing P12), degree of abnormality (degree of dullness), and the like.

  The operation unit 6 is, for example, a push button switch. For example, the operation unit 6 is operated by a contractor to cause the dullness detection unit 13 to perform an operation of detecting the dullness level of the reception signal SN1. The installer can confirm whether or not there is an abnormality in the communication between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by operating the operation unit 6 and checking the notification unit 5.

  As described above, the fire receiver 1 of the present embodiment is the fire receiver 1 that communicates with the fire detector 2 that detects the occurrence of a fire and transmits a fire report. The fire receiver 1 includes a pair of terminals P11 and P12, a receiving unit (first receiving circuit 12), an applying unit 7, and a dullness detecting unit 13. The pair of terminals P11 and P12 are connected to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, respectively. The receiving unit (first receiving circuit 12) receives a signal including at least a fire report from the fire detector 2 connected to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 based on a change in voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12. . The application unit 7 applies a voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12. The blunt detection unit 13 is connected between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 and detects the degree of blunting of the voltage signal (reception signal SN1) formed by the voltage between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. The dullness detection unit 13 is configured to detect the dullness degree of the voltage signal (reception signal SN1) when the pulse signal G1 is output from the signal generation unit 8. The signal generator 8 outputs a pulse signal G1 that changes at least from the first voltage level V2 to the second voltage level Vs1 different from the first voltage level V2 between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 as the voltage rises or falls. To do. The dullness detection unit 13 detects the voltage signal when the pulse signal G1 input between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 changes at least from the first voltage level V2 to the second voltage level Vs1 as the voltage rises or falls. The degree of dullness of (reception signal SN1) is detected. The dullness detection unit 13 determines the voltage based on the time from when the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 starts to rise or fall to when the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 reaches the second voltage level Vs1. The degree of dullness of the signal (received signal SN1) is detected.

  According to the above configuration, the fire receiver 1 can detect an abnormality in communication with the fire detector 2 based on the detection result of the blunt detector 13.

  Moreover, the fire receiver 1 in this embodiment detects that the length of a pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is more than the prescribed length by detecting the dullness of the signal in a pair of electric wires 51 and 52. be able to. Further, when the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is regarded as one line, even if a plurality of lines are connected to the fire receiver 1, the fire receiver 1 determines whether or not there is an abnormality in communication for all the lines. Can be detected. For this reason, it is possible to save labor for the installer to check one line at a time whether or not there is an abnormality in communication for all the lines. Note that the fire receiver 1 has an abnormality related to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 during construction (for example, when an unnecessary electric wire is branched and connected to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52) based on the level of signal dullness. Can also be detected.

  For example, the installer can determine whether or not the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 are abnormal electric wires by confirming the detection result of the dullness detection unit 13. In addition, for example, when a communication error occurs in communication between the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2, the builder confirms the detection result of the dullness detection unit 13 and the cause of the communication error is the pair of electric wires 51. , 52 can be determined. That is, the installer can determine whether or not there is a communication error (communication abnormality) and whether the cause of the communication error is in the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by checking the detection result of the dullness detection unit 13 (cause) Can be separated).

  The pulse signal G1 is preferably a signal with a rising or falling voltage in the order of the first voltage level V2, the third voltage level V1 different from the first voltage level V2, and the first voltage level V2. The second voltage level Vs1 is a voltage level between the first voltage level V2 and the third voltage level V1. The blunt detector 13 detects the degree of blunting of the voltage signal (received signal SN1) based on the length of time (signal width W2) during which the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 is equal to or lower than the second voltage level Vs1. To do.

  Thereby, the dullness detection unit 13 does not acquire the start timing of the rise or fall of the voltage signal (received signal SN1), based on the length of the period during which the voltage signal is equal to or lower than the second voltage level Vs1. The degree of signal dullness can be detected.

  The pulse signal G1 is preferably a rectangular wave signal with rising or falling voltage in the order of the first voltage level V2, the third voltage level V1 lower than the first voltage level V2, and the first voltage level V2. The signal generator 8 outputs the pulse signal G1 so that the period during which the third voltage level V1 is reached is a predetermined period (signal width W3). Based on the length of the predetermined period (signal width W3) and the length of the period during which the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 is equal to or lower than the second voltage level Vs1 (signal width W2). The degree of dullness of the voltage signal (received signal SN1) is detected.

  As a result, the dullness detection unit 13 generates a signal based on the magnitude relationship between the length of the predetermined period (signal width W3) and the length of the period in which the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 is equal to or lower than the second voltage level Vs1. The degree of dullness can be detected.

  The fire receiver 1 preferably further includes a signal generator 8.

  Thereby, the fire receiver 1 can generate a voltage signal necessary for the detection operation of the blunt detection unit 13 by changing the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12. The level of signal dullness between the terminals P11 and P12 can be detected.

  For example, even if the fire detector 2 does not have a function of transmitting a voltage signal corresponding to the pulse signal G1 to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, the fire receiver 1 can detect the voltage signal between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 ( The degree of dullness of the received signal SN1) can be detected.

  The fire receiver 1 preferably includes a determination unit 131 and a notification unit 5. Determination unit 131 determines whether or not the degree of dullness of the voltage signal (reception signal SN1) exceeds a specified value. When the degree of dullness of the voltage signal (received signal SN1) exceeds a specified value, the notification unit 5 notifies that there is an abnormality in communication with the fire detector 2.

  According to the above configuration, the notification unit 5 can notify the abnormality when there is an abnormality in the communication between the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2 based on the determination result of the determination unit 131. For example, the contractor can confirm that there is an abnormality in communication with the fire detector 2 by confirming the notification content of the notification unit 5 (confirming that a warning is displayed).

  The notification method of the notification unit 5 may be notification by sound using a buzzer, a speaker, or the like in addition to the notification using the liquid crystal display.

  The operation unit 6 may be configured with a touch panel or the like. The operation unit 6 is operated not only to cause the dullness detection unit 13 to detect communication abnormality of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 but also to be able to perform an operation such as stopping a notification operation of fire occurrence, for example. It may be configured.

  By the way, the determination unit 131 determines whether or not an abnormality has occurred in communication via the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 using the signal width W3 and the signal width W2, but based on the delay time W1. You may judge. Further, the determination unit 131 may perform the above-described determination operation using only the signal width W2 without using the signal width W3. In this case, the determination unit 131 determines that an abnormality has occurred in communication via the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, for example, when the signal width W2 is smaller than a prescribed signal width. Note that the determination method of the determination unit 131 may be an appropriate method such as determining whether or not the difference between the signal width W3 and the signal width W2 is larger than a predetermined difference.

  The 1st receiving circuit 12 is not limited to outputting the information about the voltage between a pair of electric wires 51 and 52 to the 1st control part 14, The information about the current value of the electric current which flows into a pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is the 1st. You may output to the control part 14.

  In the fire receiver 1 according to the present embodiment, a detailed configuration not described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The interlocking unit 3 outputs a signal for interlocking the other device 70 (see FIG. 1). The operation of the interlocking unit 3 is controlled by the first control unit 14. For example, when the first control unit 14 identifies a fire report, the first control unit 14 causes the interlocking unit 3 to output a fire signal from the interlocking unit 3 according to the fire report. When the first control unit 14 identifies the link report, the first control unit 14 causes the link unit 3 to output a link signal from the link unit 3 according to the link report.

  The standby power supply 9 is constituted by, for example, a storage battery. The standby power supply 9 is configured to have electric power with a capacity for operating the disaster prevention system A1 for a certain time even during a power failure. The fire receiver 1 normally operates with electric power supplied from a commercial power source, a private power generation facility, or the like, but is configured to operate with the electric power of the standby power source 9 in the event of a power failure.

  The first storage unit 4 holds unique first identification information (for example, address information) assigned to each of the plurality of fire detectors 2.

  Next, the structure of the fire detector 2 used for the disaster prevention system A1 in this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

  The fire detector 2 includes a detection unit 26, a second transmission circuit 21, a second reception circuit 22, a second control unit 24, a second storage unit 25, a transmission transmission circuit 23, a power supply circuit 27, A notification unit 28 and a diode bridge 29 are provided.

  The fire detector 2 includes a microcomputer as an example. The microcomputer implement | achieves the 2nd control part 24, when a microcomputer runs the program memorize | stored in the memory which a microcomputer has. The microcomputer has a timer function as an example.

  The diode bridge 29 includes a pair of input terminals to which the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 are electrically connected, and a pair of output terminals. The power supply circuit 27, the second transmission circuit 21, the transmission transmission circuit 23, and the second reception circuit 22 are electrically connected to the pair of output terminals of the diode bridge 29, respectively.

  As an example, the detection unit 26 detects a change in smoke concentration and a change in temperature. The detection unit 26 includes a light emitting element, a light receiving element, and a thermistor. The light receiving element receives light from the light emitting element. The detection unit 26 receives light emitted from the light emitting element and scattered by smoke particles by the light receiving element, and detects a change in smoke concentration based on the amount of light received by the light receiving element. The detector 26 detects a change in temperature based on the electrical resistance of the thermistor. The detection unit 26 transmits a detection signal to the second control unit 24 when detecting the occurrence of a fire based on the change in smoke concentration and the change in temperature.

  The second control unit 24 controls the second transmission circuit 21, the second reception circuit 22, and the transmission transmission circuit 23. The second control unit 24 is electrically connected to the detection unit 26, the second storage unit 25, and the notification unit 28. The second control unit 24 causes the second transmission circuit 21 to transmit a fire report when the detection unit 26 detects the occurrence of a fire.

  The second storage unit 25 is composed of, for example, an EEPROM. The second storage unit 25 has a first condition for causing the second control unit 24 to transmit the fire report from the second transmission circuit 21, and allows the second control unit 24 to transmit the interlocking report from the second transmission circuit 21. Each of the second conditions is held. Each of the first and second conditions is determined based on the detection result of the detection unit 26.

  The second transmission circuit 21 is electrically connected to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. The 2nd transmission circuit 21 draws in the electric current which flows into a pair of electric wires 51 and 52, and transmits a fire report. The second transmission circuit 21 transmits the interlocking report by making the amount of current drawn from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 larger than the amount of current drawn at the time of transmitting the fire report.

  The 2nd transmission circuit 21 draws in the electric current which flows into a pair of electric wires 51 and 52, and transmits a fire report. The second transmission circuit 21 transmits the interlocking information by reducing the resistance value between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by making the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 conductive. In other words, the 2nd transmission circuit 21 draws more electric current which flows into a pair of electric wires 51 and 52 than at the time of transmission of a fire report, and transmits a interlocking report. The second transmission circuit 21 has a function of drawing a current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 and a function of stopping the current drawing.

  For example, the transmission transmission circuit 23 transmits the transmission signal superimposed on the voltage supplied from the application unit 7. The transmission signal is, for example, a baseband transmission method signal. The second control unit 24 controls the transmission / transmission circuit 23. As an example, the second control unit 24 causes the transmission transmission circuit 23 to transmit a communication signal in a state where a fire report is transmitted from the second transmission circuit 21.

  The power supply circuit 27 requires power necessary for operating the second control unit 24, the second transmission circuit 21, the transmission transmission circuit 23, the second reception circuit 22, the detection unit 26, the second storage unit 25, and the notification unit 28. Supply.

  The notification unit 28 includes, for example, a buzzer, an LED, and the like, and notifies the occurrence of a fire around. The operation of the notification unit 28 is controlled by the second control unit 24.

  As described above, the disaster prevention system A1 according to the present embodiment includes the above-described fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2 that transmits a fire report to the fire receiver 1 when the occurrence of a fire is detected.

  Thereby, disaster prevention system A1 can detect the abnormality of communication with the fire receiver 1 and the fire detector 2. FIG.

(Embodiment 2)
Operations of the fire receiver and the disaster prevention system using the fire receiver in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The basic configuration of the fire receiver of the present embodiment and the disaster prevention system using the fire receiver is the same as that of the first embodiment, so the disclosure is omitted, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. The fire receiver according to the present embodiment is different in that the signal generator 8 (see FIG. 1) is omitted from the fire receiver 1 (see FIG. 1) in the first embodiment.

  The fire receiver according to the present embodiment is connected between a pair of terminals P11 and P12 and transmits a synchronization signal G2 for synchronizing with the fire detector 2 (see FIG. 2). (See FIG. 2). The synchronization signal G2 includes a test signal (voltage signal in the period T5) that changes at least from the first voltage level V2 to the second voltage level Vs1 as the voltage rises or falls. Detect dullness.

  The fire receiver periodically transmits a synchronization signal G2 to the fire detector 2. The fire detector 2 can synchronize the transmission timing of the fire report, the interlocking report, and the communication signal with the reception timing of the fire receiver by receiving the synchronization signal G2.

  The first transmission circuit 11 (transmission unit) of the fire receiver changes the voltage E5 between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 and transmits the synchronization signal G2 to the fire detector 2. The synchronization signal G2 is a pulse signal whose voltage waveform is a rectangular wave. The first transmission circuit 11 transmits the synchronization signal G2 by alternately switching the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 between the first voltage level V2 and the third voltage level V1. The upper voltage waveform diagram of FIG. 5 shows the voltage waveform of the synchronization signal G2 for one time output from the first transmission circuit 11. One synchronization signal G2 is divided into periods T4 to T6. The rectangular wave voltage in the period T5 among the periods T4 to T6 is referred to as a “test signal”. The test signal is a signal with a rising or falling voltage in the order of the first voltage level V2, the third voltage level V1 different from the first voltage level V2, and the first voltage level V2.

  The lower voltage waveform diagram of FIG. 5 shows a voltage waveform between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 when one synchronization signal G2 is transmitted. The voltage signal between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 is received by the dullness detection unit 13.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the period T5 includes periods T51 to T53. The first control unit 14 controls the first transmission circuit 11 so that the voltage of the test signal (synchronization signal G2) becomes the first voltage level V2 in the periods T51 and T53. The first control unit 14 controls the first transmission circuit 11 so that the voltage of the test signal (synchronization signal G2) becomes the third voltage level V1 in the period T52. In other words, the first control unit 14 controls the drive circuit 81 so that the voltage of the test signal (synchronization signal G2) is set to the third voltage level V1 for a predetermined period. Therefore, the length of the period in which the voltage of the test signal (synchronization signal G2) is the third voltage level V1 (hereinafter referred to as “signal width W7”) is equal to the length of the period T52. Information about the signal width W7 (the length of the predetermined period) is held in the first storage unit 4.

  When the first transmission circuit 11 outputs the synchronization signal G2, a voltage dull due to the line capacitance between the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is generated between the pair of terminals P11 and P12. More specifically, the temporal change in the rise (or fall) of the voltage in the synchronization signal G2 becomes gentle, and the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 changes from the first voltage level V2 to the third voltage level V1. There will be a delay before switching. Hereinafter, the voltage signal in which the synchronization signal G2 is dull is referred to as “reception signal SN2”. A period in which the voltage of the test signal in the period T5 is equal to or lower than the second voltage level Vs1 is referred to as “signal width W6”. The time from the start timing of the fall of the voltage of the test signal in the period T5 to the time when the voltage of the test signal reaches the second voltage level Vs1 is referred to as “delay time W5”.

  For example, the determination unit 131 identifies the start timing and the end timing of the period T5 using the timer function of the microcomputer. Determination unit 131 detects the dullness of reception signal SN2 during period T5. Note that the details of the operation of the determination unit 131 detecting the dullness of the received signal SN2 in the period T5 are the delay time W1 and the signal widths W2 and W3 (see FIG. 4) in the first embodiment, respectively. This is the same as the case of replacing with W7. That is, the determination unit 131 obtains the delay time W5 based on the signal width W7 and the signal width W6. For example, when the ratio (W7 / W6) of the signal width W7 to the signal width W6 exceeds a specified value (specified ratio), the determination unit 131 causes an abnormality in communication via the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. Judge that

  According to the above configuration, when the dullness of the test signal included in the synchronization signal G2 is detected by the dull detection unit 13, the fire receiver can detect an abnormality in communication between the fire receiver and the fire detector 2. it can. Therefore, even if the fire receiver does not include the signal generation unit 8 in the first embodiment, it can detect an abnormality in communication with the fire detector 2.

  By the way, the dullness detection part 13 may detect a dullness degree about dullness of the pulse-shaped voltage waveform of one part or all contained in the synchronizing signal G2 besides a test signal, for example.

(Embodiment 3)
The operation of the fire receiver in this embodiment and the disaster prevention system using it will be described with reference to FIG. The basic configuration of the fire receiver of the present embodiment and the disaster prevention system using the fire receiver is the same as that of the first embodiment, so the disclosure is omitted, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  The blunt detection part in the fire receiver of this embodiment is demonstrated. The dullness detection unit detects the dullness degree of the voltage signal (received signal SN1) when the pulse signal G1 changes at least from the first voltage level V2 to the second voltage level Vs1 as the voltage rises or falls. . The blunt detection unit is configured to detect a voltage signal (reception) based on a length of time (change time W4) in which the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 is between the first threshold voltage level Vs3 and the second threshold voltage level Vs2. The level of dullness of the signal SN1) is detected. The first threshold voltage level Vs3 is a voltage level between the first voltage level V2 and the second voltage level Vs1. The second threshold voltage level Vs2 is the same voltage level as the second voltage level Vs1.

  The dullness detection unit is configured to reduce the dullness of the voltage signal (received signal SN1) based on the length of a period during which the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 is between the first threshold voltage level Vs3 and the second threshold voltage level Vs2. The point of detecting the degree is different from the first embodiment.

  In the voltage conversion circuit of the blunt detection unit, the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 is between the first threshold voltage level Vs3 and the second threshold voltage level Vs2 instead of the voltage detection unit 132 (see FIG. 3). In this case, the voltage E1 is set to a voltage level H1. The voltage conversion circuit includes, for example, a first circuit, a second circuit, and an arithmetic circuit. The first circuit outputs a high level voltage to the arithmetic circuit when the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 falls below the first threshold voltage level Vs3. The second circuit outputs a high level voltage to the arithmetic circuit when the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 falls below the second threshold voltage level Vs2. The arithmetic circuit performs an exclusive OR operation on the output voltages of the first circuit and the second circuit, and outputs the calculation result to the determination unit 131 as the voltage E1. The waveform of the voltage E1 output from the arithmetic circuit is a rectangular wave having voltage levels H1 and L1, as shown in the lower part of FIG.

  The length of the period in which the voltage of the reception signal SN1 is between the first threshold voltage level Vs3 and the second threshold voltage level Vs2 is referred to as “change time W4”. The change time W4 is a time from when the voltage of the reception signal SN1 changes from the first threshold voltage level Vs3 to the second threshold voltage level Vs2. The change time W4 is the length of a period in which the voltage E1 is at the voltage level H1. The determination unit 131 detects the degree of signal dullness based on the signal width W3 and the change time W4. For example, the determination unit 131 obtains the degree of dullness of the received signal SN1 based on the signal width W3 and the change time W4 using the timer function of the microcomputer. The change time W4 increases as the degree of dullness of the received signal SN1 increases. As an example, when the ratio (W4 / W3) of the change time W4 to the signal width W3 exceeds a specified value (specified ratio), the determination unit 131 causes an abnormality in communication via the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. Judge that

  According to the above configuration, the dullness detection unit detects the voltage signal (reception signal SN1) based on the time until the voltage signal (reception signal SN1) changes from the first threshold voltage level Vs3 to the second threshold voltage level Vs2. The degree of dullness can be detected.

  In addition, the blunt detection part in the fire receiver of this embodiment can be used for the fire receiver of Embodiment 1,2.

  By the way, the determination unit 131 in the first to third embodiments may detect signal dullness by performing a waveform analysis of a change in voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12. As an example, the waveform analysis is to sample a signal, convert it into digital data, and analyze the converted data. For example, the determination unit 131 can detect the dullness of the voltage signal based on a plurality of sampled data.

  The pulse signal G1 and the synchronization signal G2 (test signal) may be signals that reach at least the second voltage level Vs1 from the first voltage level V2 at the time of falling, and are not necessarily signals that reach the third voltage level V1. May be.

  In the first to third embodiments, the operation of the dullness detection unit related to the fall of the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12 has been described. However, the dullness detection unit also relates to the rise of the voltage between the pair of terminals P11 and P12. May be configured to be detected.

  Each of the blunt detectors in the fire receivers of the first to third embodiments is, in addition to the pulse signal G1 and the synchronization signal G2, for example, based on the voltage signal transmitted by the fire detector 2, The degree may be detected.

A1 Disaster prevention system 1 Fire receiver 2 Fire detectors 51 and 52 A pair of electric wires P11 and P12 A pair of terminals 8 A signal generation unit 11 A first transmission circuit (transmission unit)
12 First receiver circuit (receiver)
13 Dullness detection unit 131 Judgment unit 5 Notification unit 7 Application unit V2 First voltage level Vs1 Second voltage level V1 Third voltage level Vs3 First threshold voltage level Vs2 Second threshold voltage level G1 Pulse signal G2 Synchronization signal SN1, SN2 reception Signal (voltage signal)
W3, W7 signal width (predetermined period)

Claims (8)

A fire receiver that communicates with a fire detector that detects the occurrence of a fire and sends a fire report,
A pair of terminals respectively connected to the pair of electric wires;
A receiving unit that receives a signal including at least the fire report from the fire detector connected to the pair of electric wires based on a change in voltage between the pair of terminals;
An application unit for applying a voltage between the pair of terminals;
A dullness detecting unit that is connected between the pair of terminals and detects a dullness degree of a voltage signal composed of a voltage between the pair of electric wires,
With
The dullness detection unit is configured to detect a dullness degree of the voltage signal when a pulse signal is output from the signal generation unit,
The signal generator outputs the pulse signal that changes at least from a first voltage level to a second voltage level different from the first voltage level with a rising or falling voltage between the pair of terminals,
The blunt detection unit is configured such that when the pulse signal input between the pair of terminals changes at least from the first voltage level to the second voltage level as the voltage rises or falls, the pair of terminals Detecting the degree of dullness of the voltage signal based on the time from when the voltage between the start of rising or falling starts until the time when the voltage between the pair of terminals reaches the second voltage level. And fire receiver. The pulse signal is a signal with a rising or falling voltage in the order of the first voltage level, a third voltage level different from the first voltage level, and the first voltage level,
The second voltage level is a voltage level between the first voltage level and the third voltage level;
2. The dullness detection unit detects a dullness level of the voltage signal based on a length of a period during which a voltage between the pair of terminals is equal to or lower than the second voltage level. Fire receiver. The pulse signal is a rectangular wave signal with rising or falling voltage in order of the first voltage level, the third voltage level lower than the first voltage level, and the first voltage level,
The signal generator outputs the pulse signal so that a period of the third voltage level is a predetermined period;
The dullness detecting unit detects a dullness degree of the voltage signal based on a length of the predetermined period and a length of a period during which the voltage between the pair of terminals is equal to or lower than the second voltage level. The fire receiver according to claim 2. When the pulse signal changes at least from the first voltage level to the second voltage level as the voltage rises or falls, the voltage between the pair of terminals is a first threshold voltage level. And detecting the degree of blunting of the voltage signal based on the length of the period between the second threshold voltage level and
The first threshold voltage level is a voltage level between the first voltage level and the second voltage level;
The fire receiver according to claim 1, wherein the second threshold voltage level is the same voltage level as the second voltage level. The fire receiver according to claim 1, further comprising the signal generation unit. A transmission unit connected between the pair of terminals and transmitting a synchronization signal for synchronizing with the fire detector;
The synchronization signal includes a test signal that changes at least from the first voltage level to the second voltage level as the voltage rises or falls.
The fire receiver according to claim 1, wherein the blunt detection unit detects bluntness of the test signal. A determination unit that determines whether or not the degree of dullness of the voltage signal exceeds a specified value;
The notification unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: a notification unit that notifies that there is an abnormality in communication with the fire detector when the degree of blunting of the voltage signal exceeds a specified value. The fire receiver according to item 1. The fire receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A fire detector that transmits the fire report to the fire receiver upon detection of a fire occurrence;
A disaster prevention system characterized by comprising:

Images