RU2371689C2 - Method of checking airtightness of connecting thermoelements in vessels and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: when carrying out the test, pressure fall of the controlled medium, which is in form of air, is created and air leakage through seals is determined. Pressure fall is created by applying pressure from a container with compressed air or a compressor to the test pressure receiver, tightly attached to a special mounting seat through a sealing element using fastening bolts over the tested connecting thermoelement on the inner side of the vessel. Leakage is monitored by measuring pressure in the control pressure receiver, which is also tightly attached to a special mounting seat through a sealing element using fastening bolts over the tested connecting thermoelement on the outer side of the vessel.

EFFECT: possibility of testing quality of assembling seals of connecting thermoelements without filling the vessel with any component, without using bulky fixed equipment, minimisation of hazard of the operation and provision for reliability and accuracy of monitoring.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of testing equipment and is associated with the operation of vessels of presumably large volume, operating under pressure, including pulsed, incorporating thermocouples in transit, designed to supply and output control and control signals through the walls of the vessel, and can be used, for example, to check the quality of installation of gaskets of thermocouples through passage, subjected to periodic dismantling and installation. Often such a test must be carried out at the final stage of the preparatory work cycle with the vessel at the place of its intended use.

The complexity of the task always lies in the fact that before using a vessel of large volume operating under pressure, testing it for leaks with internal overpressure is a dangerous and not always feasible operation at the place of its operation, because such a test requires the availability and use of special equipment and special protective equipment in case of vessel destruction, as a rule, this equipment and stationary type protective equipment. Instruments and devices that do not allow such an operation to be carried out may already be mounted in the vessel, as they are not designed to withstand test pressure. Among other things, when testing large-volume vessels by pumping excess pressure into the internal cavity in the presence of a large number of thermocouples in transit, it is very difficult to determine the specific location of the leak.

The proposed method for leak test of thermocouples through passage and a device for its implementation allows to avoid the indicated difficulties and to check the seal of thermocouples through passage in large volume vessels operating under pressure individually for each thermocouple through passage using simple, mobile equipment and control devices. The proposed solution will also significantly improve the reliability and quality of control, because test volumes for tightness control are reduced to a minimum.

As an analogue of the proposed method, you can consider the "Method of testing the tightness" (see patent RU No. 2290617 C2, G01M 3/00, publ. 12/27/2006. Bull. No. 36). The invention relates to the field of testing equipment and is aimed at providing an inexpensive method for testing the tightness of closed vessels, provided that one of the products filling the vessel is a liquid component that provides a short test cycle and high measurement accuracy.

This result is ensured by the fact that the test vessel is installed in the test chamber, which is pumped out at least to the vapor pressure of this liquid component. Control the pressure in the surrounding space and thus in the test chamber. The control is carried out by a vacuum pressure sensor, while the decrease in pressure surrounding the vessel of space is carried out by a vacuum pump. A leak is detected by monitoring the change in pressure in the space surrounding the vessel, which occurs due to the evaporation of the liquid leaving the leak and evaporating in the surrounding space with low pressure

A disadvantage of the analogue is the need to fill the internal volume with a liquid component.

As a prototype of the proposed method, we consider the "Method for testing the tightness of hydraulic cylinders" (see patent RU No. 2139510 C1, G01M 3/00). The invention relates to the assessment of the state of hydraulic cylinders. To ensure the accuracy of the diagnosis by increasing the accuracy of the leak assessment, a pressure differential of the controlled medium is created, which is used as air, and the leak through the seals is determined. The pressure differential through the seals is created as a result of the movement of the rod, and the pressure of the controlled medium displaced from the high-pressure cavity and the volume of the controlled medium entering the low-pressure cavity with a fixed rod are measured, after which the leakage of the controlled medium is calculated using the above formulas.

The considered "Method for testing the tightness of hydraulic cylinders" can serve as a prototype of the proposed device for implementing the method of testing the tightness of bushings.

The disadvantage of the prototype should be considered its applicability only to a specific technical solution with a movable rod containing a sealant.

The objective of the invention is to test the quality of installation of gaskets of thermocouples without filling the internal volume of the vessel with any component, without the use of cumbersome stationary equipment, minimizing the risks of the operation, expanding the range of applications and at the same time achieving reliability and accuracy of monitoring the tightness of thermocouples through passage.

The problem is solved as follows: in the method of leak test of thermocouples in passage in vessels of presumably large volume by creating a pressure drop of a controlled medium, which uses air, and determining air leaks through the thermocouple gaskets, the pressure drop is measured between two local sealed volumes, individually formed over each inspected thermocouple through passage inside and outside the vessel.

The device for testing the leakage of flow elements consists of a test pressure receiver, hermetically mounted on the seat above the test passage of the pressure seal on the inside of the vessel, and equipped with pressure supply elements with a pressure monitoring sensor, and a control pressure receiver, tightly mounted on the outside of the vessel on the landing place above the checkable thermocouple, also equipped with a pressure monitoring sensor.

The tightness test device of the inlet thermocouples of the receiving pressure and the control sensor are hermetically connected by an adapter.

The leakproofness test device of thermocouples through passage, the pressure supply elements and the test pressure receiver are hermetically connected by a tee, on which the pressure control sensor is located.

Leak proof thermocouple leak test device. Pressure-supplying elements comprise a compressed air cylinder or compressor.

The proposed method and device for testing the tightness of thermocouples in passage through vessels allows testing the gasket of thermocouples in large volume vessels operating under pressure individually for each thermocouple through passage using simple, mobile equipment and control devices.

The design of the proposed device is shown in figure 1.

The device consists of a control pressure receiver 1 with a sensor-recorder of the control pressure 2 and an adapter 3 connecting the receiver and the control pressure sensor. The control pressure receiver through the sealing element 4 by means of fixing bolts 5 is hermetically mounted on a special seat on the outside of the vessel.

On the inside of the vessel, in a similar manner, with the aid of fixing bolts 6, a test pressure receiver 8 is attached through the sealing element 7. The test pressure is supplied through the pipe 9 and the tee 10, which connects the pipeline and the test pressure receiver with hermetic joints. The sensor-recorder test pressure 11 is located on the tee.

The tightness control of a separate thermocouple through passage is carried out in the following sequence: on the outside of the vessel, with the help of fixing bolts, a receiver with a control pressure sensor-recorder is hermetically fastened through a sealing element on a special seat. On the inside of the vessel, also at a special seat through the sealing element, with the help of fastening bolts, a test pressure receiver is attached to which a tee with a test pressure recorder and a pipeline from a compressed gas cylinder are sealed with hermetic joints. After applying the test pressure and holding the control system for a predetermined test time, the pressure is detected under the control pressure receiver, the value of which makes a conclusion about the quality of installation and the tightness of the tested unit.

Claims (5)

1. A method for testing the tightness of passage seal elements in vessels of presumably large volume by creating a pressure differential of a controlled medium, which is used as air, and determining air leaks through the seal of passage seal elements, characterized in that the pressure difference is measured between two local sealed volumes formed individually above each tested passage seal outside and inside the vessel. 2. Device for testing the tightness of the passage seal elements, consisting of a test pressure receiver, hermetically mounted on the seat above the tested passage seal element from the inside of the vessel and equipped with pressure-supplying elements with a pressure monitoring sensor, and a control pressure receiver, tightly fastened from the outside of the vessel on the seat above the checked passage seal, also equipped with a pressure monitoring sensor. 3. The leakproofness test device of the bushings according to claim 2, characterized in that the control pressure receiver and the control sensor are hermetically connected by an adapter. 4. The leakproofness test device for bushings according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure supply elements and the test pressure receiver are hermetically connected by a tee on which the pressure monitoring sensor is located. 5. The leakproofness test device for bushings according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure-supplying elements comprise a cylinder with compressed air or a compressor.