RU2369689C2 - Facility for collecting immiscible fluid off water surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas production.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be implemented for elimination of oil product outflow. The facility consists of a cylinder chamber, an immersed pump with a float, a drive, a pressure pipeline, a flexible hose of electric power supply, a circular inlet into the cylinder chamber with a caging, and of floats facilitating buoyancy of the facility. Surface layer of water together with immiscible fluid of density below density of water is accumulated in the vertically installed cylinder chamber a lower end of which is tight proof closed, while an upper end has a circular entrance between the cylinder chamber and its cover. Fluid from the cylinder chamber is pumped off with the immersed pump equipped with the float for surfacing.

EFFECT: invention increases efficiency of collection and oil withdrawal.

2 dwg

Description

A known method of collecting oil and oil products from a water surface and a device for its implementation [1], which is characterized in that the intake of the mixture is controlled by changing the throughput of the receiving element and the magnitude of the vacuum in the ejector, and the vacuum in the ejector is created up to 0.098 MPa. A device for collecting oil and oil products from a water surface includes a storage tank, an ejector connected to the receiving element and the storage tank, and a high pressure hydraulic pump connected to the lower part of the storage tank and the ejector is equipped with a boom guard, the receiving element is equipped with support and equalization floats and a hose connecting it to the ejector, and a hose connecting it to the ejector, which consists of a receiving chamber with a pressure regulator, a cylindrical mixing chamber, a chamber throw with a blind end, made in the form of a reflector mounted at an acute angle to the axis of the discharge chamber, and the exhaust pipe, and the receiving element is made with a height-adjustable horizontal slot, and in the equalization floats holes are made with locking elements, and the exhaust pipe is made with an internal diameter 1.2-1.5 times the internal diameter of the mixing chamber. The receiving element of the device is made of upper and lower parts and spacers located between them and elastic inserts. Having driven oil or oil products that have fallen onto the water surface with a boom barrier and adjusted the height of the horizontal slit of the receiving element to the layer thickness of the collected product or 1-2 mm less, and also having collected a working agent (oil or water) in the storage tank, they include a hydraulic pump operating in recirculation mode. When the pressure reaches 5.0-8.0 MPa, a vacuum of up to 0.098 MPa is created in front of the pressure regulator in the entire system of the device, with the help of which oil and oil products through the hose through the receiving chamber and the mixing chamber of the ejector enter the storage tank. The selected pure oil is transferred to reservoirs as they accumulate. If necessary, repeat the process. The invention improves the efficiency of the collection of oil and oil products, the productivity of the intake of oil and water-oil mixtures, and also reduces labor costs with the maximum simplification of the device and the reliability of the technology for cleaning the water surface.

A device for collecting oil products [2] is known, which contains a vortex chamber (VK) with an inlet and an outlet for the oil being collected, a drive for its rotation, a swirler (Z), floats, a power frame (SR), a capacity for accumulating the collected oil, and pipeline and pump. VK consists of a cover (K) in the form of a body of revolution, axially fixed to the motor shaft, and the bottom K is profiled and mated with a cylindrical skirt K. On the radially mounted in K along its periphery plates, like on pylons, the bottom of VK is made, made in in the form of a truncated, profiled apex down the funnel (B). The base B forms an annular, uniform perimeter gap with the skirt K, which is the exit from the VC, and the entrance to the VC is a hole in the apex (B). An additional 3 is installed on B, made in the form of profiled flat plates (P) radially mounted outside B close to its top, and all the PZs are located in the hood, the cut plane of which is parallel to the plane of the outlet and the mirror plane of the spilled oil. The inner surface (VP) of the cover and the funnel VK are profiled, while the VP profiled B is a hyperboloid of revolution and is coated on it. The SR is mounted on a movable chassis with an engine, and the oil collection device itself is equipped with a system for automatically maintaining the required gap between the oil mirror and the top plane of the truncated profiled B. When the drive shaft 3 rotates, it creates an air ring vortex flow with reduced atmospheric pressure along the VK axis. Due to the pressure drop, the water surface bulges in the zone of the intake hole of the VK and gives oil spilled on it into the cavity of the vortex chamber. Once on the inner surface of B, oil, due to centrifugal and adhesive forces, rises to base B, from where it merges into the reservoir through an annular gap. The creation of vortex flows in the air, both in the VC itself and above the oil mirror in the zone of the inlet in the VC, reduces the power of the installation and improves the quality of oil separation from water. In addition, the device can also be used to collect spilled oil from a solid surface.

A device for collecting oil products [3] is known, which includes a vortex chamber with an inlet and an outlet for the collected oil, a drive for its rotation, a swirl ring, floats with a power frame installed on them, an intermediate tank for accumulating the collected oil, a pipeline, a pump, characterized in that in order to increase the efficiency of collection and separation of oil and oil products from water, the vortex chamber consists of a lid, which is a body of revolution, axially mounted on the motor shaft, and the bottom of the lid is profiled and mated to a cylinder at the same time, on the plates radially mounted in the lid around its periphery, like on pylons, the bottom of the vortex chamber is fixed, made in the form of a funnel truncated by a profiled top downward, and the base of the funnel forms an annular gap uniform along the perimeter with the lid skirt, which is the exit from the vortex chamber, and the entrance to the vortex chamber is a hole at the top of the funnel, while an additional swirl is installed on the funnel, made in the form of profiled flat plates, radially fixed ennyh outside of the funnel near its top, all swirler plate located in the bell, the plane of which is parallel to the cutoff inlet plane and the mirror plane of spilled oil. The inner surface of the lid and funnel of the vortex chamber is profiled from the condition of minimizing gas-dynamic losses and improving the quality of separation of water and oil, while the inner surface of the profiled funnel is a hyperboloid of rotation and is coated on it. The drive on the power frame is installed with the possibility of its movement along the axis of the drive shaft in order to regulate the gap between the oil mirror and the plane of the top of the truncated profiled funnel. To collect oil products spilled onto it from a solid surface, the power frame of the device with oil collection tanks is mounted on a movable chassis with an engine, and the device itself is equipped with a system for automatically maintaining the required gap between the oil mirror and the plane of the top of the truncated profiled funnel.

A device for collecting oil products and other water-immiscible substances [4] is known, which includes a conical tank, a frame, an electric motor, a pump for collecting oil products, a pontoon, a pressure pipe and a rotator. In addition, there is a node for collecting clumps of oil products, consisting of a hollow ring, radial levers and elastic plate-scrapers, a trigger valve in the form of a pipe, inside which a rod is placed, which has floats at the ends and the pipe axis can be moved. The pump is located under the electric motor, the rotator is made in the form of a rectangular frame of bar material, a clot collection unit is placed above the rotator, a hollow ring covering the pump. Radial levers are located on the hollow ring, having scraper plates at the ends that are in contact with the outer edge of the conical container and located at an angle to its tangent. The start valve is placed vertically in the lateral surface of the conical tank and communicates with it by a horizontal outlet. The upper float of the start valve is larger than the lower shutoff valve in volume and weight.

A known installation for collecting and pumping oil sludge [5], which includes a pump, a suction device equipped with a rotating filter drum, a flexible fence, two winches, two belt receivers, a service platform and a frame. The frame is equipped with a mechanical jack, support, steps, railings, and the intake device is equipped with a steam supply manifold and a demulsifier dosing device. The rotating filter drum is made in the shape of a snail. Both ends of the flexible fence are passed through the tape receivers and mounted on winches. The intake device, belt receivers and the service platform are combined into a module that can be moved around the frame. Both tape receivers are equipped with mechanisms for regulating their immersion depth relative to the module. To maintain the fence in a vertical position, it is equipped with detachable cylindrical floats, in the top cover of each of which there is a stopper with fastening and tensioning elements of the fence. This installation allows for the efficient collection and pumping of highly viscous highly contaminated oil sludge, including under conditions of changing direction and magnitude of wind loads.

Installation for collecting oil sludge [6], which consists of a floating frame mounted on floats, pumps with sludge intakes, connecting hoses and power sources, characterized in that the floating frame is connected by cables to winches located in different places of the sludge collector mirror and mounted on screw anchors with the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axes, the pumps are made in the form of steam-water ejectors, and the power supply is represented by a steam generator, in addition, the installation is equipped with a bottom sludge intake m, made in the form of two disks mounted on an axis with a radial groove each and placed on an axis between the disks, with the possibility of rotation of a hollow half cylinder with concentric holes and a lattice bottom wall provided with flat knives located along the generatrices of the hollow half cylinder, and through radial grooves and concentric holes missed the axis, mounted on the fitting of the central ejector, the suction flexible pipes of which are connected to the internal cavity of the hollow half cylinder, and the steam generator, floats and drain pipe connected by flexible sleeves in series.

A known installation for collecting oil and oil products from the water surface [7], which includes a tank, intake device, screen, floats and pumping equipment, characterized in that the intake device is equipped with an oil-water interfacial level sensor and an actuator, the latter being mounted on the float regulating the gap between the screen and the oil layer, while the continuity of the flow create due to the vacuum pump.

These methods, devices and installations for collecting immiscible liquids, oil, oil products and sludge from the surface of the water have several disadvantages: low efficiency when using ejectors, the need to supply steam when injecting viscous liquids, and the use of vacuum pumps.

A device for supplying water from a well [8] is known, which includes a pressure pipe located in the casing, a multi-section pump with a submersible electric motor, and a hydraulic sealing device installed on the pressure pipe below the static water level in the well. The sealing device is equipped with a locking mechanism and is made in the form of upper and lower support flanges of the pressure pipe, between which a float is coaxial with the pressure pipe. The lower edge of the first sealing element is mounted on its outer side wall, with the movable axis of the rocker mechanisms pivotally connected to its upper edge. The fixed axis of the link is pivotally connected to the upper support flange. The links of the rocker mechanisms are rigidly connected with the upper end of the float, on which the rods of the locking mechanisms are fixed, which are arranged with the possibility of reciprocating displacement in the vertically oriented through holes of the upper supporting flange. On the rods, one recess is made for the balls of the locking mechanisms provided with pressure springs and one placed in the horizontally oriented holes of the upper support flange, made from the side of the casing walls. The upper end face of the lower support flange, the diameter of which exceeds the inner diameter of the float, is equipped with a second sealing element. The objective of the invention is to provide a reliable seal between the walls of the pressure pipe and the casing of the well.

A device for supplying water from a well [9] is known, which comprises: a pressure pipe, a multi-section pump with a submersible electric motor, and a hydraulic sealing device installed below the static water level in the well. The sealing device is made in the form of a housing and a main sealing element, the main sealing element is made in the form of a hollow cylinder and mounted on the outer side wall of the housing, and the housing of the hydraulic sealing device is made in the form of a float placed in the casing coaxially with the pressure pipe. Holes for guide tubes are made in the inner and outer side walls of the float, the axis of symmetry of which are radially oriented in a plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the float, a return spring and a pusher mounted on the inner surface of the main sealing element are placed in each of the guide tubes. A support element is installed on the walls of the pressure pipe, made in the form of a cylinder with an annular groove located on its outer surface, and an additional sealing element, made in the form of a ring, the inner diameter of which does not exceed the external diameter of the support element, is mounted on the upper end of the float. The technical result of the invention is the creation of a reliable seal between the walls of the pressure pipe and the casing of the well.

A device for supplying water from a well [10] is known, which includes a pressure pipe located in the casing, a multi-section pump with a submersible electric motor, and a hydraulic sealing device installed on the pressure pipe below the static water level in the well. The hydraulic sealing device is equipped with a locking mechanism, a float and a supporting flange of the pressure pipe, the upper end of which is equipped with float travel stops made in the form of bushings of a given length, each of which is rigidly installed to ensure alignment with the corresponding through hole in the supporting flange. The upper and lower edges of the main cylindrical sealing element are mounted on the float and on the support flange from the casing side, respectively. The walls of the main sealing element on the pressure pipe side are pivotally connected to the common axes of the actuators, each of which is composed of the first and second levers. The fixed axis of the first lever is pivotally connected to the upper end of the support flange, the fixed axis of the second lever is connected to the lower end of the float, equipped with additional sealing elements, each of which is installed in alignment with the corresponding limiter of the stroke of the float. In each limiter of the stroke of the float there is a rod of the locking mechanism, rigidly mounted on the lower end of the float, and one rod of the locking element equipped with a return spring is mounted on the rods. The objective is to create a reliable seal between the walls of the pressure pipe and the casing of the well.

A device for supplying water from a well [11] is known, which comprises a pressure pipe located in a well casing, a multi-section pump with a submersible electric motor and a main hydraulic sealing device installed in the pressure pipe, comprising a housing and a sealing element, characterized in that the main hydraulic sealing device is installed above the static water level in the well, additional hydraulic sealing devices are rigidly installed on the pressure pipe, on which one float of a given mass, the cavity of the sealing elements of the main and additional hydraulic sealing devices through the drainage system, are connected to the pressure pipe cavity, the drainage pipes of the additional hydraulic sealing devices are equipped with valves installed to provide non-rigid contact of their sensitive element of the locking element, made in the form of a pusher, with the lower end of the corresponding float. The main hydraulic sealing device is installed above the static water level in the well, additional hydraulic sealing devices are rigidly installed on the pressure pipe, to which on the main flexible elements of equal length one float of a given mass is suspended, the cavities of the sealing elements of the hydraulic sealing devices are connected to the pressure pipe cavity through drain pipes, additional drainage pipes seals are equipped with valves, a sensitive element of the locking element of each of which is made in the form of a pusher, loosely connected to the corresponding float through an additional flexible element, the total value of the length of which and the magnitude of the working stroke of the pusher is equal to the length of the main flexible elements.

A device for supplying water from a well [12] is known, which includes a pressure pipe located in a well casing, a multi-section pump with a submersible electric motor and a main hydraulic sealing device installed on the pressure pipe in the housing and the sealing element, and the task of increasing the water intake capacity is solved by the fact that the main hydraulic sealing device is installed above the static water level in the well, additional devices are rigidly installed on the pressure pipe I hydraulic seals, on which one float of a given mass is placed, the cavities of the sealing elements of the main and additional hydraulic sealing devices through the drainage system are connected to the pressure pipe cavity, the drainage systems of the additional hydraulic sealing device are equipped with valves installed to provide non-rigid contact of their sensitive element of the locking element, made in the form of a pusher , with the bottom end of the corresponding float, or the fact that the floats are suspended one by one on the main flexible lementah equal length to additional fixtures gidrouplotneniya and valve lifters are not rigidly connected to the corresponding float through an additional flexible element, the total length value whose magnitude and stroke equal to the length of the pusher main flexible elements.

These devices and installations for supplying water from the well require expensive hydraulic compaction, which does not ensure the flow of water from the surface layer of water.

A device for collecting floating fluid from the surface of the water [13], adopted for the prototype, which consists of a capsule tank, a submersible pump, an electric cable, flexible hoses, a float collector with perforation, a protective casing and a product pipe rigidly connected to the tank.

The solution to the problem of increasing the efficiency of collecting and pumping immiscible liquid from the surface of the water is achieved by accumulating the surface layer of water together with an immiscible liquid with a density lower than the density of water in a vertically located cylindrical chamber, the lower end of which is hermetically closed, and the upper has an annular entrance between the cylindrical chamber and its cover, however, the liquid from the cylindrical chamber is pumped out by a submersible pump having a float for ascent.

The annular entrance has a wedge-shaped shape, which is formed by the horizontal edges of the cover of the cylindrical chamber and the flange, rigidly fixed at its upper end, having an angle of inclination β into the water depth of 3-7 °, under which the annular float is attached, while the width of the annular entrance is selected from conditions for an equal flow of water into the cylindrical chamber of the performance of the submersible pump, and the width of the edge of the upper cover protruding beyond the cylindrical chamber is less than the width of the flange by an amount that allows you to form an angle shield lattice α, equal to 30 ± 5 °.

To ensure the buoyancy of the device, in addition to the upper cover, longitudinal floats are radially attached to the brackets, and the depth of immersion of the device is regulated by suspending the load under the lower end of the cylindrical chamber.

To prevent sticking of immiscible liquids, the internal parts of the cylindrical chamber, flanges, covers and protective grill are coated with a repellent and aggressively resistant material, such as rubber, polyurethane, polyethylene.

The flange edge has a bend towards the surface to reduce the thickness of the layer of water with immiscible liquid entering the pumping device.

The operation of the device is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a vertical section of a device for collecting immiscible liquid from the surface of the water.

Figure 2 presents a view along aa of the device for collecting immiscible liquid from the surface of the water from above.

To prepare the device for operation, the cylindrical chamber 1 is filled with water and its immersion depth of the cargo suspension 2 on the bolt 3 with a nut, which are located in the center under the bottom of the cylindrical chamber 1, is adjusted. The width of the inlet annular gap between the edge 4 of the cover of the cylindrical chamber 5 is regulated by laying washers on the flange 6 and under the edge 4 of the cover of the cylindrical chamber on the studs 7 with nuts.

After preparation, the device is placed in the water area, from where it is necessary to pump immiscible liquid from the surface of the water. The buoyancy and stability of the device for collecting immiscible liquids from the surface of the water is ensured by radially mounted floats 8 on the brackets 9, as well as an annular float 10 located under the flange 6 of the annular chamber 1. Electric power supply for the submersible pump 11, attached to the float 14, ensuring its free movement in a cylindrical chamber, is carried out through a flexible cable 12, and the mixture of immiscible liquid and water is pumped out through a pipe 13, which can be moved due to openings in the roof 5 ke cylindrical chamber.

When the submersible pump 11 is operating in the cylindrical chamber 1, a discharged zone is created where surface water of the water area with immiscible liquid rushes through the enclosure 15, which prevents floating objects from entering the device, and the inlet annular gap into the cylindrical chamber. To increase the efficiency of the device for collecting immiscible liquid from the water surface, the edges of the flanges have a smooth bend 16 towards the surface of the water in order to separate a thinner layer of liquid.

To protect against sticking of immiscible liquids on the internal surfaces of the device and the enclosing grating, they are covered with repellent liquids and aggressive materials such as rubber, polyurethane, polyethylene, etc.

Literature

1. RF patent №2059039. A method of collecting oil and oil products from a water surface and a device for its implementation. IPC Е02В 15/04. Applicant:

Inventors. Invention Levshin V.A., Makushev N.I., Dzetl B.G. et al. 1994.01.11. Publ. 1996.04.27. Bull. No. 6.

2. RF patent No. 2213180. A device for collecting oil products. IPC Е02В 15/10. Applicant: Scientific-Production Joint-Stock Company of the closed type "ZOYA". Invention Kuznetsov N.P., Tretyakov V.A., Chembrovskaya A.I. Claim 06/06/18. Publ. 2003.09.27. Bull. Number 7.

3. Application No. 2001117058. A device for collecting oil products. IPC Е02В 15/04. Applicant: Scientific-Production Joint-Stock Company of the closed type "ZOYA". Invention Kuznetsov N.P., Tretyakov V.A., Chembrovskaya A.I. Claim 06/06/18. Publ. 2003.05.27. Bull. Number 7.

4. RF patent No. 92003702. A device for collecting oil products from the surface of the water. IPC Е02В 15/04. Applicant: Research and development company "Geovolna". Invention Belenky A.A., Zaripov G.G., Simkin E.M. Claim 1992.11.04. Publ. 1995.04.20. Bull. No. 6.

5. RF patent No. 2143516. A device for collecting and pumping oil sludge. IPC Е02В 15/04. Applicant: Inventors. Invention Zorkin V.A., Timokhov V.Ya., Aisin E.Kh. et al. 1998.02.27. Publ. 1999.12.27.

6. RF patent No. 96116497. Installation for the collection of oil sludge. IPC Е02В 15/04. Applicant: Closed Joint Stock Company "RATEK". Invention Ilyichev V.B. Claim 1996.08.12.27. Publ. 1999.02.27.

7. RF patent No. 96103545. Installation for collecting oil and oil products from the surface of the water. IPC Е02В 15/04. Applicant: Institute of Energy Transport Problems "IPTER". Invention Gumerov A.G., Azmetov H.A., Chepursky V.N. et al. 1996.02.22. Publ. 1998.05.10.

8. RF patent No. 2135704. Device for supplying water from a well. IPC Е03В 3/12. Applicant: Municipal Enterprise "Vodokanal", Togliatti, Samara Region Invention Ermakov V.A., Kostin A.G., Kulikov V.N. Claim 1997.12.26. Publ. 1999.08.27.

9. RF patent No. 2134750. Device for supplying water from a well. IPC Е03В 3/12. Applicant: Municipal Enterprise "Vodokanal", Togliatti, Samara Region Invention Gudochkov A.I., Kostin A.G., Kulikov V.N. Claim 1997.12.26. Publ. 1999.08.20.

10. RF patent No. 2134749. Device for supplying water from a well. IPC Е03В 3/12. Applicant: Municipal Enterprise "Vodokanal", Togliatti, Samara Region Invention Ermakov V.A., Kostin A.G., Kulikov V.N. Claim 1997.12.26. Publ. 1999.08.20.

11. RF patent No. 97109371. Device for supplying water from a well. IPC Е03В 3/12. Applicant: Municipal Enterprise "Vodokanal", Togliatti, Samara Region Invention Ermakov V.A., Kostin A.G., Kulikov V.N. Claim 06/06/16. Publ. 1999.05.20.

12. RF patent №2124094. Device for supplying water from a well. IPC Е03В 3/12. Applicant: Municipal Enterprise "Vodokanal", Togliatti, Samara Region Invention Ermakov V.A., Kostin A.G., Kulikov V.N. Claim 06/06/16. Publ. 1998.12.27.

13. RF patent No. 2074772. A device for collecting and pumping oil sludge. IPC Е02В 15/10. Applicant: Inventors. Invention Borevsky B.V., Borevsky L.V., Ostrovsky A.B., Fedorov Yu.S. Claim 1992.12.18. Publ. 1997.03.10.

Claims (5)

1. Device for collecting immiscible liquid from the surface of the water, including a cylindrical chamber, a submersible pump with a float, a drive, a pressure pipe and a flexible power cable, an annular entrance to the cylindrical chamber with a protective grill, floats providing buoyancy of the device, characterized in that the surface layer water together with an immiscible liquid with a density lower than the density of water is accumulated in a vertically located cylindrical chamber, the lower end of which is hermetically closed, and the upper There is an annular inlet between the cylindrical chamber and its cover, while the liquid from the cylindrical chamber is pumped out by a submersible pump having a float for ascent. 2. A device for collecting immiscible liquids from a water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular inlet has a wedge-shaped shape, which is formed by the horizontal edges of the lid of the cylindrical chamber and the flange, rigidly fixed to its upper end, having an angle of inclination β into the depth of the water, equal to 3-7 °, under which an annular float is attached, while the width of the annular inlet is selected from the condition of equal flow of water into the cylindrical capacity chamber of the submersible pump, and the width of the edge of the upper cover protruding beyond of the index chamber, less than the width of the flange by an amount that allows you to form the angle of inclination of the protective lattice α equal to (30 ± 5 °). 3. A device for collecting immiscible liquid from a water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that, to ensure the buoyancy of the device, longitudinal floats are additionally radially attached to the brackets in addition to the top cover, and the depth of immersion of the device is regulated by suspending the load under the lower end of the cylindrical chamber. 4. A device for collecting immiscible liquids from a water surface according to claim 2, characterized in that to prevent sticking of immiscible liquids, the internal parts of the cylindrical chamber, flanges, covers and protective grill are coated with a repellent and aggressive resistant material, for example rubber, polyurethane, polyethylene. 5. A device for collecting immiscible liquid from a water surface according to claim 2, characterized in that the flange edge has a bend towards the surface to reduce the thickness of the layer of water with immiscible liquid entering the pumping device.

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