RU2368867C1 - Blast-hole plug - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosive materials.

SUBSTANCE: this invention relates to drilling and blasting operations, particularly to blocking of light-end explosion products in charge hole - i.e. blast hole and can be used at mining enterprises. Blast-hole plug contains cylindrical shells 1 with parting walls 4 and ridges 7. The shell is equipped with fixation device 3 and internal sealing valve 6 mounted in its tail end. Channel 2 is made in the shell body with the possibility of installation in it fixation device 3 of adjacent shell. Cone-shaped parting walls 4 in the with holes 5. The ridges 7 are made of rubber and helical curve positioned with a 45-70-degree slope to horizon with lead equal to 2D. Shell length 1 is taken as 6-8D where D is a blast-hole diametre, m.

EFFECT: design simplification, reduction in working hours of installation, mining safety improving, stemming cost saving.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to drilling and blasting operations, specifically to locking gaseous products of the explosion in the charging cavity (in the hole), and can be used in mining enterprises.

Known borehole stemming (RF patent No. 2148784, IPC F42D 1/24, publ. 2000.05.10). The invention is characterized in that the composition of the stemming material is selected in the ratio of high pressure polyethylene (LDPE) - high density filler - salt - 3: 3: 4. The profile of the internal cavity of the stemming has the form of two conjugated truncated cones, and the taper of the input part is 1: 6, and the output part is 1:14. The outer face of the stemming is cylindrical with a spacer ring on the side of the outlet. The disadvantages of this device are the design complexity and high complexity of the installation.

Known for the borehole safety mono-charge adopted for the prototype (RF patent No. 2155317, IPC 7 F42B 1/00, F42B 3/087, F42D 5/00, publ. 2000.08.27). A screw safety mono-charge contains a safety explosive and inhibitory stemming in one single design, which is a polyethylene sheath, divided by internal partitions into three parts: cylindrical, filled with a safety explosive; corrugated, filled with inhibitory stemming, and a clean "scoop" in the form of a hollow truncated cylinder in the head of a mono charge. On the outer surface of the shell at the locations of the partitions along the ring there are protrusions in the form of separate rods from the shell material for fixing the single charge in the hole, and in the corrugated part of the shell there is a nest in the form of a hollow polyethylene tray for introducing the electric detonator into the explosive. The disadvantages of this device is the design complexity and high complexity of the installation.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design and reduce the complexity of installing the device in the well.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a drill hole containing cylindrical shells with partitions and protrusions, according to the invention, the shell is equipped with a latch and an internal sealing valve installed in its rear part, while a groove is made in the shell body with the possibility of installing the latch of the adjacent shell moreover, the conical partitions in the center have openings, the protrusions are made of rubber and are arranged along a helix with an angle of inclination to the horizontal of 45-70 ° in increments of 2D, and the length of the shells and take 6 ÷ 8D, where D is the diameter of the hole, m

The application of the proposed method in comparison with the prototype can simplify the design and reduce the complexity of installing the device in the well.

The core drilling is illustrated by diagrams where in Fig. 1 a device is shown, a longitudinal section, in Fig. 2 is an assembly diagram, a longitudinal section, where:

1 - a cylindrical shell with conical partitions;

2 - groove of the shell 1;

3 - clamp;

4 - septum-shaped septa;

5 - holes in the conical partitions 4;

6 - internal sealing valve installed in the shell 1;

7 - protrusions made of rubber and located along a helix;

D is the diameter of the hole, m

Core drilling is designed to increase the efficiency of rock crushing by locking detonation products in the charging cavity until the surrounding rock is completely destroyed. Drill hole consists of a cylindrical shell 1 with conical partitions 4 having a conical shape for self-centering of the shells 1 relative to each other during installation. In the tail of each shell 1, a latch 3 is installed. A groove 2 is made in the body of each shell 1 with the possibility of the latch 3 entering into it under the action of an external force to fix the shells relative to each other. In the conical partitions 4, holes 5 are made for the possibility of fluid flowing from one shell to another when the fluid is supplied. Inside each shell 1, in its tail part, an internal sealing valve 6 is installed, which is designed to hold water supplied to the cavity of the shell 1. On the side surface of the shell 1, protrusions 7 made of rubber are fixed, for example, by vulcanization along a helical line. Rubber has the highest coefficient of adhesion to the breed, so the use of this material will improve the efficiency of the device. The length of the shell 1 is taken equal to 6-8D, where D is the diameter of the hole, m, to ensure effective locking of the explosion products in the hole. The protrusions 7 are located on a helix with a step equal to 2D, which allows efficiently distributing the energy of the explosion in the gap between the shell 1 and the wall of the hole. The angle of inclination of the protrusions 7 to the horizontal (to the longitudinal axis of the shell 1) is taken equal to 45-70 ° to create more effective working conditions of the device. The angle of inclination of the protrusions 7 less than 45 ° is difficult to perform technologically, and an angle of more than 70 ° will not provide an increase in the efficiency of the device.

The device operates as follows. After loading the borehole, the required length of the borehole stemming is determined from the drilling and blasting passport. Then the stemming of the required length is collected from the cylindrical shells 1. In the hole of the conical septum 5 of the shell 1 closest to the explosive charge, a plug is installed (not shown conventionally in the drawing) to prevent the interaction of water pumped into the column (several shells installed in one another 1) shells 1, with an explosive charge. Then the conductors of the initiating pulse are mounted and the assembled stemming is installed in the hole. To enable the device to be installed freely in a hole, its diameter is recommended to be taken no more than 0.9D, where D is the diameter of the hole, m. After installing the device in a hole, water is pumped into it, distributed over all shells of 1 column until the device is wedged in the hole. Water is retained after depressurization due to the sealing valves 6 of each shell 1. Then blasting is carried out. After detonation of the explosive charge in the charging cavity, the pressure of the detonation products sharply increases to several tens of thousands of atmospheres and a dynamic impact of gases occurs on the shell 1. Due to the impact, water is squeezed out into the walls of the shells 1 and exerts pressure through the rubber protrusions 7 on the walls of the hole. Due to the very high extrusion forces, the jamming in the hole is jammed. Due to the use of easily destructible materials, the cycles of work to protect the face and loading are carried out in the usual mode.

The use of hole hammering provides the following advantages:

- simplification of the design of the device;

- reducing the complexity of the installation;

- increasing the safety of mining operations;

- reduction in the cost of stemming.

Claims (1)

Drill hole containing cylindrical shells with partitions and protrusions, characterized in that the shell is equipped with a retainer and an internal sealing valve installed in its tail part, while in the body of the shell there is a groove with the possibility of installing a retainer of the adjacent shell, and the conical partitions in the center have holes, the protrusions are made of rubber and are arranged along a helix with an angle of inclination to the horizontal of 45-70 ° with a step equal to 2D, and the length of the shell is 6-8D, where D is the diameter of the hole, m

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