RU2368750C2 - Movable frameless single- and multiple-layer glasing structures joined with detachable bushings or sealing fixing mounts and half-frame glasing structures, thrust jointed detachable hinges fixed by means of movable fixators, window and door units with extensible elements - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of construction, namely to glasing structures in making of windows, doors, glasing of balconies. Frameless single- and multiple movable glasing for protection of premise openings comprises at least one or several joined external and internal sheets of glass via different types of hinges for fixation to unit of window and door through sealing. Single- and multiple-layer fold in assembly or internal glass sheet of multi-layer fold is connected by means of various hinges with unit of window or door. Connection of internal and external glass sheet is made in the form of mounts with grooves for fixation of glass layers to each other, simultaneously creating heat and sound-insulation chambers, or plastic bushings for fixation of distance between glass sheets and metal pins, ends of which are located with the possibility of their screwing in plastic ties, every of which is installed in hole arranged in glass. Sealing in structures of frameless folds is fixed from external and internal side of unit along perimetre of folds adjacency in several layers for creation of air heat- and sound-insulation chambers between layers of folds and unit.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to simplify design of glasing, to increase its light transmitting capacity.

4 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction for the manufacture of windows, doors and glazing balconies. The essence of this invention is in the acquisition of new qualities, functionality and maximum simplification, cheaper construction of windows and doors (for example, balcony) due to the complete or partial elimination of such an element as a movable supporting frame (binding) for all glass layers of window and door blocks.

As a result, the light transmittance is increased by 25% compared with wooden classic movable windows and by 35% with plastic constructions of movable windows, a two-fold decrease in the joining joints between structural elements due to the elimination of the movable frame, which increases the tightness of insulation from the external environment, heat and sound insulation and a significant reduction in the price of movable frameless structures of windows and doors. The introduction of new types of persistent hinged detachable hinges and moving parts of the block into the window construction allows the sashes to be opened on two sides, to fully extend the top or bottom doors in or out of the opening. These new acquired qualities extend the functionality of glazing.

As the closest analogue, a glass block for room apertures is known - patent for invention RU 2213193 C2 ЕВВ 3/66. The main difference between the proposed adhesive frameless sash and the analogue is to ensure mobility not due to the curtains, i.e. hinges that allow the sash to open only in one plane, and due to the use of four locking rotary-hinge thrust hinges located at the corners of the sash. Stop hinged detachable, fixed by means of movable clamps, hinges (Fig. 1) consist of a rotary-stop sliding hinge (elt 1, Fig. 1) made of polyethylene or metal in the form of a washer and fastened to the sash at four corners: the upper and lower horizontal parts of the sash through a compensating weight load from the layers of glass gasket (el-t 2, figure 1) of metal, wood or plastic in the lower part of the sash. The hinge diameter is selected depending on the weight of the sash. With an average standard window sash, the diameter of the hinge (el-t 1. figure 1) should be 15-20 mm with a thickness of 5-7 mm. The hinge is attached to a weight-compensating gasket (el. 2. fig. 1) or edging (el. 7, fig. 1) with a screw (el. 9. fig. 1), glue, or both. The hinge can protrude 2-3 mm beyond the sash, thereby establishing a gap H (Fig. 1f) between the sash and the block in a vertical abutment. The hinge should overlap the angle of the sash on the inside of the room so that when the sash is opened, the gap is maintained and the sash does not scratch the opening block (Fig. 1e). For radial fixation and support of the sliding bed of the hinge of the hinge, there is a supporting axial limiter for the mobility of the hinge (el-t 3, fig. 1e), mounted on the opening block. With its help, it is also possible to set the gap H (Fig. 1e) equal to 2-3 mm between the leaf and the block without protrusion beyond the leaf of the stop hinge (Fig. 1e). The movable fixing strips (el 6, fig. 1b, 1c, 1d) of the hinge hinges attached to the block serve for the necessary fixation position and limit the mobility of the hinge, forming a partially floating axis of rotation within 2 mm to open the sash (el -t 4, figure 1) in the right direction, while maintaining the necessary clearance between the sash and the block. In fact, this bar plays the role of window latches or latches that fix the stop hinges inside the opening block as an integral part of the stop hinge loop. This forms the function of the sash constipation as a whole and the possibility of opening the sash in different directions. This is a different technical result.

The difference in the distribution of loads is also significant, which also leads to a different technical result in the design of a frameless sash. In the invention RU 2213193 C2, EV 3/6 the load distribution is completely dependent on the weight and size of the sash and the adhesive layer of the glass connection with spacers and contour frame with the further transfer of angular stresses to the canopies (hinges). In the proposed embodiment, the weight load from the glass is directly transmitted through the compensating gasket (power 2, figure 1) and the lower part of the edging (power 7, figure 1) to the lower support loops (figure 1), regardless of the number layers of glass sash and adhesive bonding, which serves to seal the space between the glass, if the sash consists of two or more layers of glass, and mutual bending under wind load, as well as for fastening the edging that protects the edges of the glass formed sash. This is a different, simpler technical solution in terms of load balancing. At high wind loads, a half-frame structure is used (Fig. 3, Fig. 2b) (balcony door), which increases the load-bearing capacity of the sash.

The invention RU 2213193 C2, ЕВВ 3/66 provides a double-glazed window consisting of two or more layers of glass connected by transparent spacer elements, which significantly distinguishes it from the proposed frameless or semi-frame sashes, in which there are no additional transparent spacer elements over the entire glass area and which can consist of only one layer of glass.

Consider the frameless construction on the screeds in the claimed invention, namely the inner glass (el 9, fig. 2, 2a) with a thickness of 5 mm or more with polished edges using adjustable furniture hinges (el 8, fig. 2) for glass is attached directly to the window or door block (power 6, figs), fixed in the window or doorway of the wall. External glass with polished edges (el. 2, Fig. 2.) is attached to the inner glass by means of several collapsible plastic ties for glass (el. 3, fig. 2) connected by a threaded metal pin (el. 4, figs. 2) and a plastic spacer sleeve (el-5, fig. 2), fixing the distance B (fig. 2) between the glasses. The design of the spacer sleeves and screeds for glasses is original and serves as an element of the supporting structure, connecting the outer and intermediate sheets of glass directly with the main inner glass (figure 2). Couplers (figs) and spacer sleeves (el-t 4, fig.2) are made of plastic for thermal insulation purposes. This material must be resistant to solar and ultraviolet radiation, as well as temperature fluctuations in the environment.

The recommended distance between the layers of glasses B should not exceed 80 mm with their thickness S = 5-10 mm and may vary depending on the chosen design feature of the window, the purpose of its use and the heat and sound insulation requirements.

The design described above on spacer sleeves and couplers is original. No analogs were found for comparison.

A variant of a frameless sash with hinged stop hinges consisting of one, two or more layers of glass.

A single-layer sash is a glass framed by a U-shaped edging (el 7, fig. 1g). The lower part of the sash edging is reinforced by a gasket (el. 2. Fig. 1) made of metal, plastic or wood, to compensate and evenly distribute the weight load of the glass layers of the sash to the stop hinges (Fig. 1). One, two and more layer sash are glass layers framed around the perimeter with a bezel with grooves (el 1, fig. 1g) for each glass layer with a depth of 5-10 mm for fixing the glass layers together with the necessary heat and sound insulation gap less than 16 mm between the inner and outer glass using adhesive sealants to seal and fix the glass.

A variant of a half-frame casement, for example, a balcony door, may have a border with grooves for fixing the glasses to each other along the vertical edges between the glasses or indoors, outside the inner glass there are wooden blocks, metal or plastic tubes (el 11, Fig. 3) 10 × 10-30 × 10 mm with heat-insulating gaskets, which achieves greater stiffness of the sash.

Vertical tubes or bars through the gasket are connected to articulated pivoting hinges or standard hinged hinges (electric 6, fig.2b), forming a vertical support. The lower gasket connected to the edging evenly distributes the load between the stop hinges and the entire area of the lower part of the glasses, and the use of tubes (el 11, fig. 3) with edging (el 7, fig. 1g) enhances the stiffness of the sash. The size N (figure 3) of the tube or bar is selected based on the size of the protrusion of the thrust groove of the window or door frame, ranging from 10 to 20 mm, and the distance between the glasses required for heat and sound insulation.

Consider a half-frame design of a window or door (Fig.2b), namely, the inner supporting glass of the sash (el 9, Fig 2) is enclosed partially or along the entire perimeter in a rigid framing frame (el 10, Fig 2), made of profile metal, plastic or wood. Loops in this embodiment can be used different. Consider adjustable furniture hinges (el 6, fig. 2b) connecting the door unit directly with a rigid frame (el. 10, fig. 2b).

The option of semi-frame designs is relevant for single-layer sashes both with the use of persistent hinge hinges, and for standard various hinges. Close analogues of the semi-frame design were not found.

To implement the invention of the frameless model on plastic collapsible screeds, glass that is ground at the edges with a thickness of 5-10 mm is used (Fig. 3). The size of the internal carrier glass is determined from the calculation of its fit around the perimeter to the door or window unit by 5-10 mm. Holes with a diameter of 25 mm are drilled in it for furniture hinges for glass with a step distance of approximately 350 mm (the distance may vary depending on the size and weight of the sash glass).

Holes for fastening the outer glass are also drilled depending on the diameter of the ties. Empirically established the distance along the perimeter of the glass between the centers of the holes about 350 mm.

The size of the outer glass is determined from the calculation of the fit to the block (el-12, Fig.2) with a gap around the entire perimeter δ = 5 mm (Fig.2, Fig. 1, 2). In accordance with the gaps of the fit of the inner and outer glasses around the perimeter of the window unit determine the complete coincidence of the coordinates of the holes for the screeds. Then, loops (el-t 8) are attached to the drilled holes of the inner carrier glass, with which the glass is attached to the opening block. A uniform clearance is set around the entire perimeter of the glass fitting, taking into account the working thickness of the seal (el-11, figure 2).

To connect the inner and outer glasses to each other, plastic ties are used (power 3, figs) secured by a metal stud with a thread (power 4, figs) passing inside the plastic sleeve (power 5, figs ), the length of which fixes the distance between the glasses.

A sealing gum is fastened on both perimeters of the glass to the opening block for tightness (zl-t 11, figure 2). The block can be made both from a tree of various breeds, and from plastic.

Window and door blocks with retractable elements in the version with flaps on fixed hinged fixed hinges.

The upper and lower parts of the block (el-1, figure 4) and mounted on them supporting axial limiters of mobility of the hinges serve as an emphasis on the hinges of the loops on the width H (figure 4). Retractable elements extend to the depth of a window or doorway like drawers in a table (Fig. 4, pos. I, II). The extension can be carried out using various ball-roller mechanisms (elt 4, figure 4) or guide pins through sliding bushings made of plastic or metal, movably connecting the sliding parts of the window block or balcony door along the plane of the opening.

In the variant with frame and semi-frame sashes on hinged hinges, the entire perimeter of the inner part of the block is also advanced by using ball-roller mechanisms or sliding pins through plastic bushings according to the same principle. With all types of glazing of door openings, it is possible to extend the entire perimeter of the part of the opening block outside and inside the room also by using the above mechanisms (power 4 of figure 4). In this case, sealing gum in several circuits that create heat and sound insulation chambers is used for sealing.

Variant of application for the extension of the elements of the aperture block of guiding rotating threaded rods (el. 2, Fig. 4), fastened through the slide bushings (el. 6, Fig. 4) on one side and the fixed part of the aperture on the other side to the wall , and then the rotating pin (el-t 2, figure 4) is connected through an angular rotary connection with an electric motor (el-t 5, figure 4) on batteries through a gearbox. The rotating pin is connected to the movable part of the opening block through a plate (el-t 3, Fig. 4) with a thread. The switch of directions of rotation of the electric motor is located in any convenient place. Thus, we obtained a new technical result of a simple and easy-to-use electromechanical drive for opening and closing openings of premises, which serves as a lock and a latch. The connection of the electric motor to the rain sensor allows you to automatically close the window opening during bad weather. It is possible to connect the control of an electric motor through remotes of household appliances. Low voltage meets safety requirements.

In the description used drawings:

Figure 1 - frameless sash on the hinge hinges;

Figure 1, a - closed position of the locking strap in relation to the thrust hinges;

Figure 1, b - the closed position of the locking bar in relation to the hinges of the hinges forming the left axis of the sash, and unlocking the right side of the hinges, allowing to open the right side of the sash;

Figure 1, c is the closed position of the retaining plate in relation to the hinge hinges forming the right axis of the sash, and unlocking the left side of the hinges, allowing to open the left side of the sash;

Figure 1, d is a schematic arrangement of the thrust joint and its axial radial axial limiter;

Figure 1, e is a schematic diagram of the thrust loop in relation to the formation of a gap between the sash and the block;

Figure 1, q - edging layers of glasses:

Figure 1, h is a schematic diagram of the stop hinge hinges on the sash;

Figure 2, - frameless sash with a block on collapsible couplers;

Figure 2, a is a schematic arrangement of collapsible couplers and hinges on a frameless sash;

Figure 2, b - schematic arrangement of collapsible couplers and hinges on a semi-framed balcony door;

Figure 2, c - collapsible screed frameless sash;

Figure 3, - options for the location of the vertical profile forming a half-frame structure;

Figure 4 - block diagram with retractable elements;

Claims (4)

1. Frameless single and multi-layer movable glazing for the protection of room apertures, containing at least one or more interconnected outer and inner sheets of glass through various types of hinges for fastening to a window or door block through a seal, characterized in that one - and the more layer-like sash assembly or the inner sheet of glass of the multilayer sash is connected through various hinges to the window or door block, and the connection of the inner and outer sheets of glass is made in the form of edging with grooves for fixing layers of glass together, simultaneously forming heat and sound insulating chambers, or plastic bushings for fixing the distance between sheets of glass and metal studs, the ends of which are located with the possibility of screwing in plastic ties, each of which is placed in a hole made in the glass, and the seal in the frameless sash structures is attached from the outer and inner sides of the block along the perimeter of the junction of the shutters in several layers for the formation of air heat and sound insulation chambers between the layers with and Vorokov unit. 2. Semi-frame single and multi-layer movable glazing to protect the openings of the premises, containing at least one or more interconnected outer and inner sheets of glass, reinforced along the vertical edges with a profile made of wood, plastic or metal, forming a half-frame sash with fixing various types of loops from the opening block directly to the reinforcing profile. 3. Thrust hinged detachable hinges that can be locked using movable clips, attached to frameless, semi-frame and frame types of sashes and allowing the sash to be opened both to the right and to the left, depending on the position of the mobile hinge lock, which simultaneously performs the function of a common shutter of the sash. 4. Window and door blocks with retractable elements having various hinges with a frame, frameless and semi-frame sash and without sashes, ie blind glazing, with one or more layers of glass, allowing to push the elements of the block together with the sash or layers of blind glazing to the outside or inside the window or door opening - top, bottom or all together by using an electric drive through threaded rods attached to the openings of the wall and fixed parts of the block connected to the moving parts of the block through threaded plates, the mobility of which can be achieved through the use of ball-roller sliding mechanisms or guide rods through sliding bushings made of plastic astika or metal.

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