RU2368467C2 - Method to mill two bodies of rotation (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises locating workpieces on both sides of disk cutting tool axis of symmetry perpendicular to the tool rotational axis and machining by the said tool with its teeth located on single-diametre circumference. Note here that disk cutting tool and workpiece are revolved about their rotational axes. Rotational axes of workpieces are located at equal distance from axis of symmetry of the tool and on single-diametre circumference whereon apices of all tool teeth are located. During machining, the tool reciprocates along its axis of symmetry and rotational axes of workpieces. In compliance with another version of this invention, the tool reciprocates along its axis of symmetry and rotational axes of two workpieces.

EFFECT: expanded performances.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, and in particular to methods of milling during rotation of the processed products, and can be used for processing cylindrical, conical and shaped bodies of revolution.

A known method of milling two bodies of revolution, in which the processing is carried out by a shaped disk mill with a trapezoidal producing contour symmetrical about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the mill. Billets are placed on both sides of the cutter so that their axes are spaced at an equal distance from the cutter axis of symmetry and are perpendicular to the latter.

During processing, the milling cutter and the workpieces are reported to rotate around their own axes, the cutter is moved progressively along the workpiece axes and along the axis of symmetry [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to process bodies of revolution of variable diameter with deep and narrow troughs due to the fact that the workpieces are located on both sides of the shaped disk mill, the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpieces, and to obtain a given configuration with a variable diameter of the workpiece the surface of the milling cutter reports translational movement along the axes of the workpieces.

The main task, the solution of which is claimed by the claimed method of milling processing of two bodies of revolution, is to increase productivity.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed method is the expansion of technological capabilities due to the processing by a disk cutting tool simultaneously of two bodies of revolution of variable diameter with deep and narrow troughs.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the known method of milling two bodies of revolution, comprising a shaped cutter and two workpieces located on parallel axes perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cutter, according to the invention, the workpieces 1 and 2 are arranged on parallel axes 3 and 4 with the possibility rotations around them, the processing is performed by a disk cutting tool 5 with a producing contour symmetrical with respect to axis 6 perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7 of tool 5. Axis of rotation of the tool and the axis of rotation of the workpieces rotates in one direction and are located relative to each other at an angle α, which does not affect the location of the workpieces relative to the tool.

In this case, the workpieces and cutting tool are set in a position in which the axis of rotation of the workpieces are at the same distance L1 = L2 from the axis of symmetry 6 of the disk cutting tool, with the tips of the teeth located on a circle 8 of the same diameter Dand on which the axis of rotation of the workpieces 3 and 4.

The formation of the profile of the bodies of revolution is carried out by informing the disk cutting tool 5 of rotation around the axis 7 and the translational-reciprocal movements S1 along the axis of symmetry 6, simultaneously coordinated with the movement S of the cutting tool 5 along the rotation axes of the workpieces 3 and 4.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the workpieces 1 and 2 are located on parallel axes 3 and 4 with the possibility of rotation around them, the processing is performed by a disk cutting tool 5 with a producing contour symmetrical about axis 6, perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7 of tool 5. Axis of rotation of the tool and the axis of rotation of the workpieces rotates in one direction and are located relative to each other at an angle α, which does not affect the location of the workpieces relative to the tool.

In this case, the workpieces being processed have the ability to move along their axis of rotation and they are set in position with respect to the cutting tool, in which the axis of rotation of the workpieces is at the same distance L1 = L2 from the axis of symmetry 6 of the disk cutting tool, the tips of the teeth of which are located on the circle 8 of one diameter D and on which the axis of rotation of the workpieces 3 and 4 lie.

The formation of the profile of the bodies of revolution is carried out by informing the disk cutting tool 5 of the rotation around the axis 7 and the translational-reciprocal movements S1 along the axis of symmetry 6, simultaneously coordinated with the movement S of the workpieces 1 and 2 along the rotation axes of the workpieces 3 and 4.

A comparable analysis of the claimed method with the prototype shows that the inventive method differs in the arrangement of the blanks relative to the cutting tool from the prototype, which allows you to simultaneously process two bodies of revolution of variable diameter with deep and narrow troughs. This method allows the milling of cylindrical, conical and shaped bodies of revolution.

Analysis of the known technical solutions allows us to conclude that they lack a significant part of the features similar to the significant differences in the claimed method. So, for example, in the prototype, the formation of the profile of the bodies of revolution is carried out by a shaped cutter due to the translational movement, and when milling conical and profile bodies of revolution. In the inventive method, the formation of the profile of the bodies of revolution is carried out by a disk cutting tool due to simultaneously coordinated translational-reverse movements relative to the workpieces and movement along the axes of the workpieces or due to the implementation of a disk cutting tool progressive-reverse movements, simultaneously coordinated with the movement of the workpieces along their axes of rotation .

Thus, the distinguished features of the method of arrangement of the workpieces and the formation of the profile of the bodies of revolution by the cutting tool are new and thanks to these features are achieved such technological results, the manifestation of which was not found in the prototype.

The invention is confirmed by the drawings,

where in Fig.1 is a mechanism for milling two bodies of revolution to implement the 1st variant of the method,

in Fig.2 - view A in Fig.1 - the mechanism of milling processing of two bodies of revolution for the implementation of the 2nd variant of the method.

The mechanism contains the workpieces 1 and 2, the axis of rotation of the workpieces 3 and 4, the disk cutting tool 5, the axis of rotation of the cutting tool 7.

In the processing (Fig. 1), the rotation of the workpieces and the cutting tool is reported in one direction, the workpieces 1 and 2 are given rotational movements around their axes 3 and 4 with a frequency of W3, and the cutting tool 5 is informed of a rotation around axis 7 with a frequency of W and. To insert the tool into the workpieces and obtain a given diameter of the machined surface, the tool 5 is informed of the translational movement of the insert S1 along the axis of symmetry, and adding to the latter the movement S along the axis of the workpieces in their relative motion around axes 3 and 4, respectively, we obtain a round profile of bodies of revolution. For the milling of conical and profile bodies of revolution, the tool 5 is informed of simultaneously reciprocating movements relative to the workpieces 1 and 2 and the movement S along the axis of the workpieces or (Fig. 2) due to the message to the cutting tool of the translational-reciprocal movements simultaneously coordinated with the movement S2 blanks along their axis of rotation.

The frequency of rotation of the tool W and set depending on the permissible cutting speed according to a known dependence

where V is the cutting speed, m / min (determined by cutting conditions);

D and - the maximum diameter of the cutting tool in the contact zone with the workpiece, mm [1].

The ratio of the width of the tool to the feed rate per revolution of the part is chosen to be an integer (at least two), and the ratio of the frequency of rotation of the part to the frequency of rotation of the tool is determined from the known dependence

where i is the ratio of the rotational speed of the part to the rotational speed of the tool;

S - tool feed per part revolution;

L is the width of the cutting part of the tool;

Z is the number of teeth of the tool [2]. The displacement value S is set according to cutting conditions.

Information sources

1. A.S. No. 1301580, class B23C 3/04, 1987. Bull. No. 13.

2. A.S. No. 1225708, cl. B23C 3/04, 1986. Bull. No. 15.

Claims (2)

1. The method of milling processing of two bodies of revolution, in which two workpieces with their axis of rotation are located on both sides of the axis of symmetry of the disk cutting tool perpendicular to its axis of rotation, the processing is performed by a disk cutting tool, in which the vertices of all the teeth are located on a circle of the same diameter, while the disk cutting tool and the workpieces are informed about the rotation around the axes, characterized in that for expanding the technological capabilities by processing two workpieces of variable diameter with g the pivot and narrow troughs of the axis of rotation of the two workpieces are placed at an equal distance from the axis of symmetry of the disk cutting tool on a circle of the same diameter on which the vertices of all the teeth of the disk cutting tool are located, when processing the disk cutting tool, simultaneously translational-reciprocal movements along its axis are reported symmetry and movement along the axis of rotation of the workpieces. 2. The method of milling processing of two bodies of revolution, in which two workpieces with their axis of rotation are located on both sides of the axis of symmetry of the disk cutting tool perpendicular to its axis of rotation, the processing is performed by a disk cutting tool, in which the vertices of all the teeth are located on a circle of the same diameter, while the disk cutting tool and the workpieces are informed about the rotation around the axes, characterized in that for expanding the technological capabilities by processing two workpieces of variable diameter with g the pivot and narrow cavities of the axis of rotation of the two workpieces are placed at an equal distance from the axis of symmetry of the disk cutting tool on a circle of the same diameter on which the vertices of all the teeth of the disk cutting tool are located, when processing the disk cutting tool, translational-reciprocal movements along its axis of symmetry are simultaneously agreed with the movement of two workpieces along their axis of rotation.

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