RU2317876C2 - Mode of milling processing of two rotating bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: the invention refers to the field of machine building, processing of cylindrical, conic and profile to rotating bodies by cutting.

SUBSTANCE: the mode of milling is in that blanks are installed on parallel axes with possibility of rotation around them and a disc cutting instrument whose tops of all teethes are located on the circumference of one diameter. For expansion technological possibilities and increase of productivity the disc cutting instrument is installed with the rotation axis on a balance beam with an axis perpendicular to the axis of a shaft with possibility of swinging on this shaft. At that the blanks are installed in a position in which the disc cutting instrument simultaneously touches two processing blanks of the identical diameter whose axes are on one circumference whose diameter equals the diameter of the disc cutting instrument and its center is located on the arc of swinging of the rotation axis of the disc cutting instrument. At processing to the disc cutting instrument swinging movements relatively to the blanks are given.

EFFECT: expands technological possibilities of the disc cutting instrument.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, and in particular to methods of milling during rotation of the processed products, and can be used for processing cylindrical, conical and shaped bodies of revolution.

A known method of milling two bodies of revolution, in which the processing is carried out by a shaped disk mill with a trapezoidal producing contour symmetrical about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the mill. The blanks are placed on both sides of the cutter so that their axes are spaced at an equal distance from the symmetry axis of the cutter and are perpendicular to the latter.

During processing, the milling cutter and the workpieces are reported to rotate around their own axes, the mill is moved translationally along the axes of the workpieces and along the axis of symmetry [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to process bodies of revolution of variable diameter with deep and narrow troughs due to the fact that the workpieces are located on both sides of the shaped disk mill and to obtain a given diameter of the machined surface, the mill is informed of translational movement along the axes of the workpieces.

The main task, the solution of which is claimed by the claimed method of milling processing of two bodies of revolution, is to increase productivity.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed method is the expansion of technological capabilities due to the processing by a disk cutting tool of two bodies of rotation of variable diameter with deep and narrow troughs.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of milling two bodies of revolution, comprising a shaped milling cutter and two workpieces located on parallel axes, according to the invention, workpieces 1 and 2 of the same diameter D _z are arranged for rotation on parallel axes 3 and 4 around them, the processing is performed by a disk cutting tool 5, in which the vertices of all the teeth are located on a circle of the same diameter, with the possibility of rotation around the axis 6, mounted under scrap α to the axis of the preforms, which on the location of the workpiece relative to the tool is not affected.

The axis 6 with the cutting tool 5 is mounted on the beam 7 with an axis perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 9. The beam is located with the possibility of swinging on this shaft. The swinging tool is transmitted to the cutting tool by a rocker arm relative to the workpieces.

Workpieces of the same diameter are set to the position where the tool 5 simultaneously touches two workpieces 1 and 2, the axis of rotation of which lie on the same circle 10, the diameter D _{o of} which is equal to the diameter D _{and of the} cutting tool 5, and its center O is located on the swinging axis of the rotation axis cutting tool 11. The formation of the profile of the bodies of revolution is carried out by a disk cutting tool 5 by means of simultaneously coordinated oscillating movements relative to the workpieces and moving S along the axes of the workpieces 3 and 4.

A comparable analysis of the claimed method with the prototype shows that the inventive method differs in the arrangement of the blanks relative to the cutting tool from the prototype, which allows you to simultaneously process two bodies of revolution of variable diameter with deep and narrow troughs. This method allows the milling of cylindrical, conical and profile bodies of revolution.

Analysis of known technical solutions allows us to conclude that they lack a significant part of the features similar to the significant differences in the claimed method. So, for example, in the prototype, the formation of the profile of the bodies of revolution is carried out by a shaped cutter due to translational movement, and when milling conical and profile bodies of rotation in the claimed method, the profile of the bodies of rotation is carried out by a disk cutting tool due to simultaneously coordinated oscillating motion relative to the workpieces and moving along axes of the workpieces.

Thus, the distinguished features of the method of arranging the workpieces and the formation of the profile of the bodies of revolution by the cutting tool are new and, thanks to these signs, technological results are achieved, the manifestation of which was not found in the prototype.

The invention is confirmed by the drawings,

where figure 1 shows the milling mechanism of two bodies of revolution to implement the 1st variant of the method,

figure 2 - a view of figure 1,

figure 3 - the mechanism of milling processing of two bodies of revolution for the implementation of the proposed 2nd variant of the method.

The mechanism contains the workpieces 1 and 2, the axis of rotation of the workpieces 3 and 4, the disk cutting tool 5, the axis of rotation of the cutting tool 6, the beam 7, the shaft 8, the axis of the shaft 9, the circumference 10, the swing arc of the axis of rotation of the disk cutting tool 11.

When processing workpieces 1 and 2, rotational movements around their axles 3 and 4 are reported with a frequency of W _s , and cutting tools 5 are informed about rotation around axis 6 with a frequency of W _and , simultaneously with the rocker, oscillating movements with longitudinal movement relative to the axes of the workpieces. The rotation of the workpieces and the cutting tool is reported in one direction. To insert the tool into the workpieces and obtain a given diameter of the machined surface, the tool 5 is informed of the movement of the insert S _in along the swing axis of the tool axis 11, and adding to the latter the movement S along the axis of the workpieces in their relative movement around axes 3 and 4, respectively, we obtain a round profile of bodies rotation. For the milling of conical and profile bodies of revolution, the tool 5 is informed at the same time of oscillating movements relative to the workpieces 1 and 2 and movement S along the axis of the workpieces.

The frequency of rotation of the tool W _and set depending on the permissible cutting speed according to a known dependence

where V is the cutting speed, m / min (determined by cutting conditions);

D _and - the maximum diameter of the cutting tool in the contact zone with the workpiece, mm [1].

The ratio of the width of the tool to the feed rate per revolution of the part is chosen to be an integer (at least two), and the ratio of the frequency of rotation of the part to the frequency of rotation of the tool is determined from the known dependence

,

,

where i is the ratio of the rotational speed of the part to the rotational speed of the tool;

S - tool feed per part revolution;

L is the width of the cutting part of the tool;

Z is the number of teeth of the tool [2].

The displacement value S is set according to cutting conditions.

Information sources

1. A.S. No. 1301580, class B23C 3/04, 1987, Bull. No. 13.

2. A.S. No. 1225708, Cl. B23C 3/04, 1986, Bull. No. 15.

Claims (2)

1. The method of milling of two bodies of revolution, in which two workpieces are mounted on parallel axes with the possibility of rotation around them and use a disk cutting tool rotating around an axis, in which the tops of all the teeth are located on a circle of the same diameter, characterized in that the disk cutting tool with the axis of rotation is installed with the possibility of swinging relative to the workpieces and moving along the axis of the workpieces, while the workpieces of the same diameter are set to the position in which the disk cut The second tool simultaneously touches two workpieces, the axes of which lie on the same circle, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the disk cutting tool, and its center is located on the rocking axis of the axis of rotation of the disk cutting tool, while processing the disk cutting tool, simultaneously oscillating movements relative to the workpieces are reported and moving along the axes of the workpieces. 2. The method of milling of two bodies of revolution, in which two workpieces are mounted on parallel axes with the possibility of rotation around them and use a disk cutting tool rotating around an axis, in which the tops of all the teeth are located on a circle of the same diameter, characterized in that the disk cutting tool is installed with an axis of rotation on the beam with an axis perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, with the possibility of swinging on this shaft, while the workpieces are set in a position in which the disk cutting tool is flush It concerns two workpieces of the same diameter, the axes of which lie on the same circle, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the disk cutting tool, and its center is located on the rocking axis of the axis of rotation of the disk cutting tool, when processing the disk cutting tool by means of the rocker arm, oscillating movements relative to the workpieces are reported.

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