RU2367144C2 - Drop irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: drop irrigation system is meant for plants, mainly on seedbeds in a garden, and for long periods without human attention, can maintain preset water flow rate and distribute water along the seedbed using droppers, mounted on a special pipe. The system has a water supply regulator in form of a level regulator with a pipe leading to it from a water source, and a distribution pipe mounted on height-regulated supports, connected through a turning socket to a lower level regulator. There are diametrical through-holes in the pipe and a stopper, with a groove with a variable cross-section along the edge, is inserted in each one of them. Minimum rate of water flow (0.02…0.05 l per hour through a single dropping element) is achieved by setting the minimum allowable flow area at minimum height of the regulator relative the horizontally lying distribution pipe. Increased irrigation is achieved by increasing the level of the regulator relative the level of the distribution pipe and increasing the flow area between the surface of the opening in the pipe and the surface of the groove in the stopper while moving the stopper in the opening.

EFFECT: invention improves quality of irrigation.

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Description

For watering plants on the beds of the garden plot there are various devices and systems, including automatic ones. The system most suitable for long-term irrigation without human intervention is described in RF patent No. 2177684 (class A01G 25/02 "Continuous drip irrigation system"). The minimum water flow passing through one drip element of this system is about 0.05 liters per hour.

This system contains a number of structural elements, including the capacity of the level regulator, from which a distribution pipeline with drip holes of the minimum allowable cross section emerges below the level; the pipeline is installed above the ground on racks adjustable in height. The principal feature of such a system is the conditionality of the minimum pressure control errors in front of the drip holes to ensure the minimum required water flow.

The disadvantages of such a system include the small size of the cross sections of the drip holes, which creates certain technological difficulties in production and operation.

In the description of the invention according to copyright certificate No. 1653647 A1, class. A01G 25/02 indicated a very large size of drip holes (3 mm), however, the system cannot be automatic and requires the presence of a person to control during its operation. Due to large control errors and other reasons, such a system is inoperative. Therefore, as a prototype, a system with a maximum number of matching features was selected, namely, a continuous drip irrigation system described in patent No. 2177684. Each drip hole in its distribution pipe has a minimum allowable size (0.2 ... 0.3 mm).

To overcome technological shortcomings associated with the manufacture and partially with the operation of the irrigation system with such drip elements, it is proposed to make diametrically through holes of a sufficiently large cross-section in the distribution pipeline and insert plugs tightly into them. On the side surface of each cork, a groove of variable cross-section along the generatrix must be made, which together with the surface of the through hole creates a channel - a drip hole for water to exit. The maximum depth and width of the groove should not be less than the minimum allowable hole size (under the condition of non-clogging), and the length should not exceed the internal diameter of the pipeline.

An example of the implementation of such a system is shown in figures 1-4. The system contains a water supply source, a level regulator (pos. 2) with water supply from the source (pos. 1), a distribution pipe (pos. 5), connected with a rotary coupling (pos. 3) to a regulator below the water level in it, height-adjustable racks (item 4). The end of the irrigation pipe opposite to the regulator is plugged. In the distribution pipe, diametrically through holes are made in which plugs are inserted (pos. 6). A groove is made on the side surface of the plugs. The groove, depending on the manufacturing technology, can have a different shape. Variants of the location of the groove and its shape are shown in figure 2 (option "flat"), figure 3 (option "longitudinal groove") and figure 4 ("inclined groove"). The length of the groove (indicated by the letter “l”) must not exceed the internal diameter of the pipeline (indicated by the letter “d”).

The system operates as follows. After it is filled with water from the source (pos. 1), a certain level is set in the regulator (pos. 2) and through the grooves in the plugs (pos. 6), water is dug to the ground.

The perforated pipeline (pos. 5) is supported on the ground using racks evenly distributed along the bed (pos. 4); their height can be changed, in particular, by deepening in the ground. By changing the height of the racks of the irrigation pipeline when water is supplied to the regulator, horizontal alignment of the upper holes of the pipeline and the water level in the regulator is achieved (by wetting the control upper holes of the irrigation pipeline with successive removal of plugs from them).

After such an installation of the irrigation pipeline, the volume of water flowing out of it through the drip holes, replenished with the help of a regulator, provides the minimum necessary low-consumption continuous long-term watering of the beds.

An increase in irrigation volume compared to the minimum is achieved by raising the level regulator to a certain height compared to the minimum allowable (due to the accuracy of the regulator and the system as a whole). A higher limit on the amount of watering is achieved by moving the plugs along the diametrically located holes in the distribution pipe to a position with an increased flow area.

Claims (1)

A drip irrigation system, mainly of plants on the beds of a garden plot, containing a water source, a level regulator and connected below a level and mounted on height-adjustable racks, a watering pipeline with a number of drip holes located along the generatrix of the pipeline, characterized in that the drip holes are made through in diametrical the plane of the pipeline and in each of them there is a plug with a groove of variable section along the generatrix on its surface, and the plug is made with the possibility NOSTA movable along diametrically disposed holes such that the groove with variable cross section together with the through hole surface form a channel - drip outlet for water, wherein the maximum depth and width of grooves is not less than the minimum size of the hole, and the length - is less than the internal diameter of the pipeline.

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