RU2367031C1 - Automated system for displaying video "metrofilm", standalone element for displaying one video sequence frame and method for displaying video for moving viewers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; video technology.

SUBSTANCE: standalone element for displaying one video sequence frame is made in form of a module, which forms a matrix image, containing a speed sensor, consisting of two photodiodes, lying horizontally at a distance from each other, at least one vertical line of tri-coloured light-emitting diodes with a control unit in form of a controller with a micro code, which provides for self-diagnosis, reception, storage and transmission of data to the next module or control computer, determination of the speed of the vehicle window at the beginning of passage from light-emitting diode signals and subsequent automation of synchronisation of the beginning of display and duration of display of the frame relative a viewer. The automated system for displaying video includes a row of data carriers, placed along the path of the vehicle, a control processor, connected to an external control system and a set of ordered modules for formation of an animated matrix image based on the after-image effect. Each module is a direct and reverse command and/or data relay for the next module.

EFFECT: increased definition of the animated image regardless of the change in speed and type of the train, shape and number of windows on the wagon.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

An autonomous display element of one frame of a video sequence and a method for presenting video information by a viewer in motion.

The invention relates to a system and method for generating a dynamic matrix image using ordered vertical LED rows that realize the effect of “afterimage” using the inertia of the human eye. The invention can be used to demonstrate advertising or other video materials along the route of a vehicle, for example, in subway tunnels or railway tunnels.

A device for displaying numerous rows of images for viewers in motion (WO 01/27908 7 G09F 19/22, G03B 25/02, published on April 19, 2001), which includes many images mounted on the surface, and a slit panel mounted between this surface and the viewer. In the case when viewers pass by, the slit panel acts as a shutter, creating an animated effect. Numerous animated effects are created by scattering and mounting numerous rows of still images on the surface. Each row of still images is seen at a different angle relative to the viewers passing by.

The disadvantage of the invention is the dependence of the quality of the dynamic image on the speed of movement.

A known system for creating a video sequence for viewing from a vehicle on a linear section of an overpass described in US Pat. No. 4,383,742, which includes many static images and lighting systems for intermittent illumination of each image, the image size and the distance between them are selected depending on the vehicle speed At the same time, an electromagnetic trigger is used to determine the speed of a moving vehicle and synchronize pulsed illumination of images.

A disadvantage of the known system is the dependence on the type of train, speed, window size and the distance between them. For example, when changing the composition or upgrading it will be necessary to change all the settings or the system as a whole, which is time-consuming and costly. The device required for synchronization is not efficient enough and can lead to loss of synchronization of lighting.

A known system for creating a video sequence for viewing from a vehicle moving along a fixed viaduct (RU 2053574, 6 G09F 21/04, G09F 19/22, published on January 27, 1996), selected as a prototype, including a systematized series of storage media placed along vehicle paths and lighting systems for intermittent illumination of each medium, the size of the images and the distance between them are selected depending on the speed of the vehicle, photocells are installed on the vertical symmetry of each image Elements that provide illumination of images through interaction with luminous bulbs installed on the outside of the cars along the vertical axis of symmetry of each window facing the media.

A disadvantage of the known system is the dependence on the type of train, speed, window size and the distance between them. The use of photocells mounted on a vehicle requires changes in the design of the train, which complicates maintenance and limits the scope.

The well-known display element of one frame, used in a systematic series, contains a graphic image of a separate sequential phase of the dynamics of information on a material medium, for example, in the form of enlarged frames of a game or animation (animated) movie. A systematized series of information carriers is a film strip, as it were, unrolled and extended along the route of a train.

The use of graphic images in the form of enlarged frames determines the dependence of the size of the information carrier on the vehicle speed, the shape and size of the windows, in addition, it requires regular dismantling and installation of media when replacing advertising or other information.

A known method of presenting visual information by a viewer in a moving vehicle (RU 2053574, 6 G09F 21/04, G09F 19/22, publ. 01/27/1996), selected for the prototype, including the placement of information carriers in the form of enlarged graphic images of frames film in a systematic series along the vehicle path, the size of the storage media and the distance between them are selected depending on the speed of the vehicle, lighting media and presentation of information by the viewer, while lnost lighting each media information and presentation information to each viewer selected smaller than the passage of vehicle paths equal to the size of each information recording medium and the beginning of lighting the recording medium and the presentation of information is performed when aligned vertical axes of symmetry of each information carrier and the vehicle window.

In the known method, to achieve the effect of a dynamic image, the illumination of each graphic image is used for short periods of time, while deviations from the train schedule distort the dynamics of the presentation of information, namely when the viewer stops, he sees a static image, when the speed of the train is less than the specified one, it’s slowed down, and at larger - accelerated, which ultimately reduces the aesthetic appeal of the video.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a fundamentally new system and method of forming a dynamic image in the tunnels of the subway.

The proposed system with an autonomous element for displaying a single frame made using LEDs extends the functionality, allows for automatic synchronization of the start of playback of the frame relative to the viewer and the display duration relative to the speed of the viewer, eliminating the dependence of the quality of the dynamic image on the speed of the train, car shape, shape and size windows, distances between windows. The system allows you to save several videos in memory, replace and alternate videos without changing media. In addition, the new design allows automatic self-diagnostics and remote monitoring of system performance, automatic shutdown when a malfunction is detected that affects playback quality and traffic safety, automatic system recovery without operator intervention, while minimizing the number of cables and connectors, which reduces the cost of construction and service.

The method allows for accurate overlay of adjacent matrix images formed by the LED rows, to obtain a clear and realistic dynamic image of the videos by the viewer in a moving vehicle.

The technical result of the invention is achieved by the fact that:

An autonomous display element of one frame of a video sequence containing an image of a separate sequential phase of information dynamics, according to the invention, the element is made in the form of a module forming a matrix image, while the module contains a speed sensor consisting of two photodiodes located horizontally at a distance from each other, at least at least one vertical line of three-color LEDs with a control unit in the form of a controller with firmware that provides self-diagnosis of LEDs and memory cells the troller, receiving, saving and transmitting status data to a subsequent module or control computer and receiving commands from the control computer to play the frame, determining the speed of the vehicle window at the start of passage through the photodiode signals and the subsequent automatic synchronization of the start of playback and the duration of the frame display relative to the viewer.

An automated system for displaying video information, for example, in subway tunnels or railway tunnels, including a number of storage media located along the vehicle, according to the invention, the system includes a control processor interconnected with an external control system via a wireless or wired communication channel, equipped with a speed sensor, consisting of two photodiodes located horizontally at a distance from each other and equipped with a program that provides brabotku sensor signal, transmitting, receiving and storing data and commands, diagnostics and control system performance; a set of modules for generating a dynamic matrix image based on the “afterimage” effect, interconnected with the control processor by means of built-in wireless transceiver devices operating in the infrared range, each module being a direct and reverse relay of commands and / or data for the subsequent module, while the module contains a speed sensor consisting of two photodiodes located horizontally at a distance from each other, at least one vertical ruler three-color LEDs with a control unit in the form of a controller with firmware that provides self-diagnostics of the LEDs and memory cells of the controller, receiving, saving and transmitting status data to a subsequent module or control computer and receiving commands from the control computer to play the frame, determining the vehicle window speed at the start the passage through the signals of the photodiodes and the subsequent automatic synchronization of the start of playback and the duration of the frame relative to the visual a fixed window speed.

In addition, the module’s photodiodes are equipped with lenses to create the maximum luminous flux from the windows of passing cars and to accurately determine the window start boundary.

The control processor and modules are placed in special boxes.

The method of presenting video information to viewers in motion, including placing information carriers along the vehicle path and presenting information to the viewer in a window field, according to the invention, vertical line of LEDs equipped with controllers are used as information carriers, forming elements of a line and a series of images by pixels of three-color LEDs, the presentation of the image to each viewer is carried out with the effect of "image retention" by scanning during the matrix image of the frames displayed by the storage media, while the start of playback and presentation of the frame to the viewer is synchronized with the beginning of the window, and the duration of the display of the frame by each carrier is synchronized with the speed of the extreme point of a particular window along the path determined by two photodiodes located horizontally at a distance from each other from a friend and interconnected with controllers.

 Figure 1 presents the functional diagram of the system. Figure 2 presents a General view of the section of the footage.

An automated video information display system, for example, in subway tunnels or railway tunnels, includes a control processor 1 and a set of ordered modules 2, which are equipped with power supplies and are placed in special sealed metal cases. The number of modules 2 corresponds to the number of frames in the reproduced video clip. For example, to display a clip consisting of 250 frames, the system must contain 250 modules (at a train speed of 70 km / h and a distance between the modules of 0.8 m, an observer on the train will see a video clip at a speed of 24.3 frames per second and lasting 10.3 seconds )

The control processor 1 is interconnected with an external global control system (not shown) or an external dispatch program via Ethernet or RS233 interfaces (via a modem). Access to the processor for external programs is carried out via Ethernet TCP-IP protocol. For external programs, the Metrofilm system is provided in the form of three folders - Clips, Plist, Logs. In the Clips folder there are video clips, in the Plist folder there are playlists, and in the Logs folder logs are recorded - the status of the system. The processor has a static IP address.

The processor 1 is equipped with a speed sensor in the form of an optical sensor 3, consisting of two photodiodes located horizontally at a certain distance from each other.

The control program, which is equipped with processor 1, provides self-diagnosis of data transmission channels and memory cells, processing the sensor signal, receiving and saving data and commands from an external control system, receiving diagnostic data of each module and monitoring their operability, transmitting the frame and commands to the corresponding modules.

An ordered series of modules 2 and a control processor 1 are interconnected by means of built-in transceiver wireless devices 4 operating in the infrared range. Each module 2 is a relay of commands and data from the processor 1 for the subsequent module, as well as a relay of the reverse channel of the module status for the processor, while a special protocol is used to control the modules, taking into account the features of the infrared data channel.

Module 2 is an autonomous display element of one frame and contains one or more vertical lines of LEDs 5, which provide the formation of a line element and an element of a series of images by pixels from tri-color LEDs (red, blue and green). The number of LED lines in the module is set depending on the required resolution, the vertical step between pixels and the height of the screen. For example, the LEDs are located on the cell in two rows (figure 1). This arrangement is due to the requirement of a vertical pitch between pixels of 2.5 mm. The LED has a size larger than the pixel pitch. When the rows are spaced between the diodes of an even row, the step is 5 mm, respectively, in an odd row, the step is 5 mm. The rows are offset relative to each other in a vertical plane by 2.5 mm, which allows to obtain a vertical pitch between pixels of 2.5 mm. To obtain a high-quality image, the firmware of the controller of LED cells displays information on even line rows with a delay relative to the odd rows, depending on the speed of the train. Thus, for the viewer in motion, creates a visual perception that all the pixels are in the same row.

Each line of LEDs 5 is equipped with a control unit in the form of a controller based on a programmable logic matrix with microprogram, which provides self-diagnostics of LEDs and memory cells, reception and transmission of data from neighboring modules, transmission of status data to the control computer, reception of commands from the control computer to play the frame, determination of the speed of the vehicle window at the time of the start of the passage by the signals of the photodiodes, synchronization of the beginning of the playback of the frame and the duration of the display relative to the viewer with the set speed of a particular window, emergency power off of LED cells. Also, the program sets the shutdown of the frame scan at an image speed of less than 18 frames per second.

Module 2 contains a sensor for determining the beginning of the moment of reproduction (sweep) of the frame and the speed of movement of the beginning of the window of the car in the form of an optosensor 6, consisting of two photodiodes that are located horizontally at a certain distance from each other. The photodiodes of the optosensor 6 are interconnected with the control unit of the module and are additionally equipped with lenses to create the maximum luminous flux from the windows of passing cars and to accurately determine the boundary of the beginning of the window.

The system is mounted, for example, in a subway tunnel in a linear section of a train. The distance between the modules 2 is determined for each specific tunnel, while the average speed of the train through this tunnel is taken as the basis for the calculations. For example, for a tunnel where the average train speed is 80 km / h (or 22.22 m / s), the distance between the modules is preferably set to 0.88 m. At the indicated speed, the train travels a distance of 222 m in 10 seconds, for this the viewer sees the interval 250 frames (the frame rate is 25 frames per second). The modules are divided into sections (five modules each), mounted on a supporting structure and fixed to the wall of the tunnel, providing a safe distance, while the control processor 1 is always installed first in the system along the train.

The operation of the system is as follows.

After connecting the system to the network in each module 2, the self-diagnosis of LEDs 5 and memory cells is automatically performed using the control unit. Upon completion of the diagnosis, the result of the verification is written to certain memory cells of the controller. If during diagnostics an inoperative LED (s) or memory cell (s) are detected, then in this module 2 the power supply of the LED cells is turned off, while the communication channel 4 is not turned off. Similarly, in the processor 1, the software self-diagnoses the memory cells and the data transmission channel using software. Upon completion of the self-diagnosis, processor 1 carries out the auto-numbering of the modules in the video sequence and assigns each module a number of 1 ... N-1, N, respectively. After numbering, the processor 1 polls each module for the result of the self-diagnosis via communication channel 4, and the controller of the module, having received a request from processor 1, transmits a status code recorded in its memory. An external control system via Ethernet or RS233 interfaces receives data on the status and health of the system as a whole.

Then, processor 1 receives a schedule and a set of clips (for example, four clips) from an external system through a communication channel and stores them in its own memory. Then, according to the schedule and the set of clips, the processor 1 transmits a frame of the clip that will be displayed during the passage of the train through channel 4 to each module corresponding to the numbering. Depending on the amount of memory, each module can save several frames (for example, up to 4 frames), which allows you to alternate clips for passing trains. Recording frames can also be carried out in the interval between the passage of trains. This makes it possible to constantly update the set of clips displayed in the video sequence.

Upon completion of loading and frame saving by each module, processor 1 transmits a “train standby mode” command through channel 4 to modules 2, while processor 1 goes into standby mode of external commands or a signal from optosensor 3 about the start of train movement. Upon receipt of the signal from the optosensor 3, the processor 1 sends a “play frame” command to the control unit of each module 2 through channel 4.

The control unit of each module 2, having received the command to play the frame, enters the scanning mode of the beginning of the window and expects a signal from its own speed sensor 6.

The next stage of the system operation provides the formation of a dynamic image in a video sequence and the presentation of video information by a viewer who is on a moving vehicle.

Information carriers in the form of vertical rulers of LEDs form a dynamic matrix image for the viewer based on the “afterimage” effect, which is determined by the peculiarity of human vision to remember the image and superimpose the image on the subsequent image. The ordered rows 5 described above are provided with control units in the form of controllers with software that control the brightness of each LED and create pixels of a row and a row of images by pixels of three-color LEDs.

It is known that the inertia of the human eye allows you to save the visual image of the video information received by him for ≈0.08 s. When the vehicle is moving, the viewer is presented with a time scan of the matrix image of the frames displayed by the lines of LEDs, which are presented to the viewer as a spatial image, and not as a line of LEDs. The human eye superimposes the current image on the previous one and as a result receives a fused expanded image in the form of a filled two-dimensional space.

The use of photodiodes of the optosensor 6 located at such a distance from each other that the value of the time interval between the photodiode signals is reduced to a minimum allows one to practically determine the instantaneous speed of the beginning of each train window and synchronize the time-scan frame through the control unit (playback start and display duration each frame) relative to each viewer, including during accelerated or slowed-down train movement.

Automatic synchronization of the frame sweep relative to the viewer is as follows. At the time of the passage of the car window, the photodiodes of the optosensor 6 generate signals from the light flux emanating from the window. The amplification of the light flux in each photodiode is provided by a lens configured so that the edge of the window is in sharpness, this allows you to more accurately determine the boundaries of the beginning of the window, and the signal from the optosensor 6 is analyzed for random operation. The received LED signals are digitized, the time interval between the signals is determined, the speed of the beginning of the window is calculated, and the display duration of the frame or “horizontal frame size” corresponding to the set speed is determined. Using the controller, interconnected with photodiodes, a matrix image of the frame is reproduced and presented to the viewer at the moment the window starts to pass, while the duration of the frame display is automatically synchronized with the set speed of the window start. At the end of the frame display, the controller analyzes the state of the photodiodes and determines the end of the window. When the viewer passes the next stand-alone frame display element in the same way as the photodiodes and the controller, the start of the reproduction of the matrix image of the frame and the “horizontal frame size” are provided. A similar procedure for displaying information is carried out by each element of the video sequence along the route of the vehicle, while the number of display procedures corresponds to the number of windows in the train.

Thus, the beginning of the frame playback relative to the beginning of the window and the “horizontal frame size” (display duration corresponding to the set speed) will always be synchronized with the viewer in motion.

When the train moves by the control processor 1, the signals of the optosensor 3 are analyzed and if no signals are received from the optosensor 3 to the processor 1 within 20 seconds, this means the end of the train.

At the end of the video, the system provides a report to the control processor and resumes the described steps.

Thus, the method of presenting information to the viewer in motion provides an accurate overlay of the current frame of the video clip on the previous frame, allows you to create a clear, realistic and high-quality dynamic image in two-dimensional space.

The proposed automated system for displaying video information and image formation in a video sequence is more economical and effective in comparison with the known analogues, it allows for automatic synchronization of the start of frame playback relative to the viewer and the display duration relative to the speed of the viewer regardless of the change in the speed of the train, type of train, shape and number of windows in the car, which expands the scope.

Below are the main parameters and characteristics of one of the system options:

Number of Pixels Horizontal 320 The number of pixels vertically 256 Color palette of the module, million 16.7 The distance between the modules (80 km per hour), mm 900 The distance between the modules (60 km per hour), mm 700 The thickness of the steel sheet of the module housing, mm 1,0 Module height, mm 960 Module width mm 105 Module thickness, mm 52 Glass thickness in the module window, mm 3 Supply voltage 220-240 Network frequency, Hz 50-60 Maximum power consumed by the module, W one hundred Power consumed by the system, kW 6-10 Module weight kg four Degree of protection in accordance with GOST 14254, IP 66 The number of sensors in the module, pcs 2 Sensor type Photodiode Module memory, MB one The number of frames in memory four Interface between the modules IR FIR Data Rate, Mbps four Wind load, kg / m ² 60 Number of LEDs in the module, pcs. 256 LED pitch vertically, mm 2.5 LED service life, hour 50,000 LED manufacturer Avago Module loading, interval, min 2-3 Driver's cab exception auto FPGA processors Altera Communication interface with the control room 1 RS232 Dispatch Communication Interface 2 Ethernet Module Interchangeability complete Configuring modules during installation not required Dismantling (replacement) of the module, min fifteen Interface for settings RS232 Permissible change in supply voltage, V 160 to 250 Dielectric strength according to GOST 9219, MΩ 3 Climatic compliance in accordance with GOST 15150 UHL4 Resistance to external fur. factors according to GOST 17516.1 group M25 Average Full Life not less than 10 years.

The reliability indicators of the system are experimentally confirmed at all stages of testing.

Claims (5)

1. An autonomous display element of one frame of a video sequence containing an image of a separate sequential phase of information dynamics, characterized in that the element is made in the form of a module forming a matrix image, the module comprising a speed sensor consisting of two photodiodes arranged horizontally at a distance from each other at least one vertical line of three-color LEDs with a control unit in the form of a controller with microprogram providing self-diagnosis of LEDs and memory cells to the controller, receiving, saving and transmitting status data to a subsequent module or control computer and receiving commands from the control computer to play the frame, determining the speed of the vehicle window at the start of passage through the photodiode signals and the subsequent automatic synchronization of the start of playback and the duration of the frame display relative to the viewer . 2. An automated system for displaying video information, for example, in subway tunnels or railway tunnels, including a number of storage media located along the vehicle path, characterized in that the system includes a control processor interconnected with an external control system via a wireless or wired communication channel, equipped a speed sensor consisting of two photodiodes located horizontally at a distance from each other and equipped with a program that provides processing the sensor signal, transmitting, receiving and saving data and commands, diagnosing and monitoring the system’s health a set of modules for generating a dynamic matrix image based on the "after-image" effect, interconnected with the control processor by means of built-in wireless transceiver devices operating in the infrared range, each module being a direct and reverse relay of commands and / or data for the subsequent module, while the module contains a speed sensor consisting of two photodiodes located horizontally at a certain distance from each other, at least one vertical a linear line of three-color LEDs with a control unit in the form of a controller with firmware that provides self-diagnostics of the LEDs and memory cells of the controller, receiving, saving and transmitting status data to a subsequent module or control computer and receiving commands from the control computer to play the frame, determining the vehicle window speed in the moment of the beginning of the passage through the signals of the photodiodes and the subsequent automatic synchronization of the beginning of playback and the duration of the display frame relative relative to the viewer with the set speed of a particular window. 3. The automated system according to claim 2, characterized in that the photodiodes of the module are equipped with lenses to create maximum luminous flux from the windows of passing cars and accurately determine the boundary of the beginning of the window. 4. The automated system according to claim 2, characterized in that the control processor and modules are placed in the boxes. 5. A method of presenting video information to viewers in motion, comprising placing information carriers along a vehicle path and presenting information to a viewer in a window field, characterized in that vertical lines of LEDs equipped with controllers are used as information carriers to form line and row image elements pixels of three-color LEDs, the presentation of the image to each viewer is carried out with the effect of "afterimage" by sweep in time change the matrix image of the frames displayed by the storage media, while the start of playback and presentation of the frame to the viewer is synchronized with the beginning of the window, and the duration of the display of the frame by each carrier is synchronized with the speed of the extreme point of a particular window along the path determined by two photodiodes located horizontally at a distance from each other from a friend and interconnected with controllers.

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