RU2366072C1 - Device to stabilise ac contactless generator voltage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering and is designed to adjust AC voltage of contactless induction generators and induction generators with permanent magnets, incorporated with self-contained power supply system. Proposed device incorporates generator (1) with stator windings, each comprising three taps (2, 3, 4), windings starts (5, 6, 7), central winding leads (8, 9, 10) and winding finish. Note that winding starts are integrated and connected to the 1^st output of supply unit 16, central leads (5, 6, 7) and winding finish (8, 9, 10) are connected, via voltage stabilisation units (13, 14, and 15), with leads (17, 18 and 19) to connect generator load. 1^st and 2^nd three-phase excitation capacitor banks (11, 12) are delta-connected to leadouts of windings (8, 9) and (10). Outputs of power supply unit (16) are connected to voltage stabilisation units, each comprising 1^st and 2^nd opto-triacs (20 and 21), respectively, as well as null-detector (22), saw-tooth voltage generator (23), comparator (24), 1^st and 2^nd pulse generator (25 and 26).

EFFECT: voltage stabilisation in asymmetric operating conditions.

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Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and is intended to control the AC voltage of non-contact asynchronous generators and synchronous generators with permanent magnets of autonomous power supply systems.

A device is known (USSR AS No. 469200, 1975), consisting of field capacitors, additional capacitors, a rectifier bridge and a controlled electromagnet. The disadvantages of the device are the increased mass of capacitors and low efficiency.

The closest in technical solution is a device for stabilizing the voltage of an asynchronous generator (according to RF patent No. 2262182, class H02P 9/46, 2005), consisting of field capacitors, a 3-phase generator with stator windings, a voltage stabilization unit with control elements , sawtooth generator, pulse shapers.

The disadvantages of the device are the lack of voltage stabilization in unbalanced modes and its low speed.

The technical solution of the invention is the lack of voltage stabilization in asymmetric operating modes and increase its speed.

The problem is achieved in that the device for stabilizing the voltage of the generator, containing a 3-phase generator with stator windings, excitation capacitors and a voltage stabilization unit, consisting of control elements, a sawtooth voltage generator, pulse shapers, according to the invention further comprises voltage stabilization units, a power supply , zero-organ, comparator, each stator winding has average leads, and the field capacitors are combined into three-phase blocks, where The rods are connected according to the “triangle” scheme, while the start of the stator windings of the generator are combined and connected to the first input of the power supply, the ends of the stator windings are connected to the first inputs, and the middle leads of the stator windings are connected to the second inputs of the voltage stabilization units, the ends of the stator windings are connected to the first a three-phase capacitor unit, and the middle terminals of the stator windings are connected to the second three-phase capacitor unit, the outputs of the voltage stabilization units are connected to the terminals for connecting the generator load and about the second, third and fourth inputs of the power supply, the outputs of which are connected to the third and fourth inputs of the voltage stabilization units, each of the voltage stabilization units contains the first and second control elements, which are used opto-sims, the inputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the stabilization units the voltage, respectively, the outputs - opto-sims are connected and are the outputs of the voltage stabilization units, the fourth input of the voltage stabilization units is connected to the input of the zero-organ whose first input is connected through a sawtooth generator to the first input of the comparator, the second input of which is the third input of the voltage stabilization unit, the output of the comparator through a second pulse shaper is connected to the control input of the second opto-simsistor, the second output of the zero-organ through the first pulse shaper is connected to the control input of the first optocymistor.

The novelty of the proposed proposal is due to the fact that the device uses several voltage stabilization units with control elements, which are used opto-sims, and stator windings have conclusions to which three-phase units of field capacitors are connected. The use of several voltage stabilization units allows stabilizing the voltage of generators in asymmetric modes, reducing the inertia of the stabilization system, and thereby increasing its speed.

According to the scientific, technical and patent literature, the authors do not know the claimed combination of features aimed at achieving the task, and this solution does not follow clearly from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that the solution corresponds to the level of the invention.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a functional diagram of a device for stabilizing the voltage of a contactless generator, figure 2 is a voltage diagram explaining the principle of its operation.

A device for stabilizing the voltage of non-contact alternating current generators (Fig. 1) contains an electric power generator 1, each of the stator windings contains three branches, where 2, 3, 4 are the beginning of the windings; 5, 6, 7 - the middle terminals and 8, 9, 10 - the ends of the windings, which are connected to the first and second three-phase excitation capacitor units connected according to the "triangle" circuit, 11, 12 and to the voltage stabilization units 13, 14 and 15. The beginning windings 2, 3 and 4 are combined and connected to the first input of the power supply 16, the middle terminals 5, 6, 7 and the ends of the windings 8, 9, 10 through voltage stabilization units 13, 14 and 15 are connected to the terminals 17, 18 and 19 for connection the load of the generators, the outputs of the power supply 16 are connected to the voltage stabilization units 13, 14 and 15, each of which contains vy and second optosimistory 20 and 21, respectively, the zero-body 22, the sawtooth generator 23, a comparator 24, first and second pulse shapers 25 and 26, respectively.

The voltage stabilization device operates as follows.

When the rotor of the generator 1 (Fig. 1) is rotated by the drive motor, it is excited due to the capacitive current of the three-phase blocks of field capacitors 11 or 12 and EMF is induced at the terminals of the stator windings 5, 6, 7 or 8, 9, 10.

On the example of the voltage stabilization unit 15, we consider the principle of operation of the device. In the nominal operating mode, the phase voltage Un (Fig. 2, a) is supplied to the input of the null-organ 22, at the output of which pulses are generated, synchronous with the zero voltage values of the generator U _n (Fig. 2, b). The synchronizing pulses through the first pulse shaper 25 are fed to the control input of the opto-simostor 20. The opto-simistre 20 opens and a voltage U _4.7 is formed at the terminals of the generator 4 and 7 (Fig. 2, e). The synchronizing pulses are also fed to the input of a sawtooth voltage generator 23, at the output of which a reference signal U _{oc of a} sawtooth shape is formed (Fig. 2, c), which is fed to the first input of the comparator 24 (Fig. 1). The second input of the comparator 24 receives the leading signal U _vs1 DC voltage (Fig.2, c), which is proportional to the voltage of the generator U _n . When the value of the reference signal is greater than the value of the leading signal, i.e. when U _oc > U _bc1 , control pulses are _generated at the output of comparator 24 (Fig. 2, d), which, through the shaper of control pulses 26, are fed to the control input of the opto-simistor 21 (Fig. 1). The opto-simistr 21 is turned on, this leads to natural switching (closure) of the opto-simistor 20 and a voltage U _4.10 is formed at the outputs of the stator windings of the generator 4 and 10 (Fig. 2, d). After the polarity of the voltage applied to the opto-simistor 21 changes, it closes and then the physical processes are repeated. As a result, during the alternate operation of the optosymistors 20 and 21, a voltage U _{output1 is formed} (Fig. 2, d). If, for example, the voltage at the load decreases, then the voltage value of the source of the driving signal decreases, i.e. U _vs2 <U _vs1 (Fig.2, e). The control angle of the opto-simistor 21 will decrease (α ₂ <α ₂ , FIG. 2, d, g), and the voltage U out ₂ will increase (U out ₂ <U _out , FIG. 2, d, h).

The use of two branches of each stator winding of the generator and the two three-phase excitation capacitor units connected to them, as well as the use of a voltage stabilization unit in each phase of the generator, each containing two optocouplers and a control system, distinguishes the proposed voltage stabilization device for contactless alternating current generators from the well-known How voltage stabilization is ensured in asymmetric operating modes and the device’s speed is increased.

Claims (1)

A device for stabilizing the voltage of a generator, comprising a 3-phase generator with stator windings, field capacitors and a voltage stabilization unit, consisting of control elements, a sawtooth voltage generator, pulse shapers, characterized in that it further comprises voltage stabilization units, a power supply, and a zero-organ , comparator, each stator winding has average leads, and the field capacitors are combined into three-phase blocks, where the capacitors are connected in a "triangle" circuit, with the volume of the beginning of the stator windings of the generator are combined and connected to the first input of the power supply, the ends of the stator windings are connected to the first inputs, and the average leads of the stator windings are connected to the second inputs of the voltage stabilization units, the ends of the stator windings are connected to the first three-phase capacitor block, and the middle leads of the stator windings connected to the second three-phase capacitor unit, the outputs of the voltage stabilization units are connected to the terminals for connecting the generator load and to the second, third and fourth inputs b power supply, the outputs of which are connected to the third and fourth inputs of the voltage stabilization units, each of the voltage stabilization units contains the first and second control elements, which are used opto-sims, the inputs of which are connected to the first and second inputs of the voltage stabilization units, respectively, the outputs of the opto-simistors are connected and are the outputs of the voltage stabilization units, the fourth input of the voltage stabilization units is connected to the input of the zero-organ, the first input of which through the generator saws a typical voltage is connected to the first input of the comparator, the second input of which is the third input of the voltage stabilization unit, the output of the comparator through the second pulse shaper is connected to the control input of the second optocoupler, the second output of the zero-organ through the first pulse shaper is connected to the control input of the first optocosmistor.

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