RU2363157C1 - Protection method of grain against diseases while storage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: in the capacity of protective agent there are used leaves and bulbs of ramson, juice of which is dissolved in water up to the concentration 0.1-1% depending on disease incidence and kind of settable of storage grain and treatment is implemented at 1-2 l per 1 metric centner of grain.

EFFECT: cost reduction, effectiveness increase and expansion of biological shielding facilities.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to crop production, and may find application in the fight against diseases of crops during storage.

There is a method of protecting crops during storage during which the microflora, and primarily mold, is suppressed by preservatives of chemical origin, of which organic acids are most widely used: propionic, sorbic, formic (Smirnova T.A., Kostrova E.I. Microbiology grain and products of its processing. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1989, p.135-145).

However, the mechanism of action of organic acids in the preservation of grain is reduced to the blocking of enzymes that regulate carbohydrate metabolism in the cells of molds and aerobic bacteria. Therefore, under the influence of acids in the grain, oxidative processes quickly die out. Acids cause an irreversible loss of grain viability, which makes it possible to use them only for processing grain fodder.

The closest technical solution is the processing of grain and seeds by garlic, subjected to heat treatment (patent No. 2237997, published October 20, 2004, IPC A01N 65/00).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that the cultivation and preparation of the drug from garlic require significant material costs. In addition, during heat treatment, part of the volatile production is lost, which reduces the effectiveness of the method.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce costs, increase efficiency and expand the means of biological protection.

This goal is achieved by the fact that as a protective agent use leaves and bulbs of wild leek, the juice of which is dissolved in water with a concentration of 0.1-1.0%, depending on the incidence of the grain to be stored, and grain processing is carried out at a rate of 1-2 l on 1 c.

The method is as follows.

Grain of cereal crops (winter wheat, rye, barley) before laying for storage is treated with 0.1-1% solution of wild garlic juice at the rate of 1-2 l per 1 kg of seeds.

Ramson (Allium victoriales L) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the lily family 30-70 cm high with a sharp garlic smell. The bulbs are attached to the oblique, upwardly directed rhizome, conical-cylindrical 1-1.5 cm thick, dressed in grayish-brown, light-fibrous membranes.

Essential oil (0.007%) with a pungent garlic smell and vitamin C (in leaves - up to 730 mg%, in bulbs - up to 100 mg%), as well as phytoncides, which have a strong antibiotic effect, are found in all parts of wild garlic. The flavanoid complex ranges from 1.36-3.33% of the air-dry mass.

During the period of regrowth in spring (the period of maximum accumulation of phytoncides), wild garlic juice is harvested, and during the laying of grain for storage, it is processed at the rate of 1-2 l of liquid per 1 centner of seeds.

Example 1

From 15-20 plants (leaves and bulbs) ramson was extracted juice in an amount of 100 g, which was dissolved in 1 liter of distilled water.

The prepared solution was processed corn grain in the amount of 100 kg and laid for storage.

Example 2

A 0.1% aqueous solution was prepared from ramson juice and processed winter barley grain, and then stored.

Example 3

A 0.5% aqueous solution was prepared from wild garlic juice and processed winter wheat grain, and then stored.

The results are summarized in table.

Thus, using wild garlic plants, it is possible to obtain environmentally friendly products with minimal cost.

Claims (1)

A method of protecting grain from pathogens, including treating the grain with phytoncid-containing plants and storing it, characterized in that the grain is treated with 0.1-1% wild garlic juice prepared from leaves and bulbs at a rate of 1-2 l before laying for storage per 1 centner of grain.