RU2360390C2 - Tillage combine roller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery building, particularly, to tillage rollers. The proposed roller consists of outer and inner cylinders. The outer hollow cylinder incorporates two vertical disks jointed together by square-section-rod ribs. The latter are arranged regularly along the circumference and spiral line. The centre of the said vertical disks has bearing assemblies whereto tie-rods are attached to joint the roller to tillage combine. The inner smooth cylinder is arranged inside the outer hollow cylinder to roll over the inner surface of the latter. Aforesaid inner cylinder can be filled with various amount of ballast.

EFFECT: intensification of crushing soil balls, preventing pressing balls in sub layers, compacting subsurface layers, mulching surface layers and leveling them.

5 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in combined tillage units

BACKGROUND

Known skating rink, consisting of a frame on which a hollow cylinder is installed, filled with water. By changing the amount of water in the cylinder, the specific pressure of the roller on the soil is changed (Mechanization and electrification of agricultural production / A.P. Tarasenko, V.P. Solntsev et al. - M .: Kolos S, 2002. - P. 102 ... 103).

Its disadvantage is the compaction of both subsurface and surface soil layers, which accelerates the evaporation of soil moisture. Part of the lumps of soil does not collapse, but is pressed into the soil.

Known skating rink, consisting of wedge-shaped and serrated discs, alternating across the width of the skating rink (A. Karpenko, V. Khalansky Agricultural machines. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1989. - P. 63 ... 64).

It provides subsurface compaction and surface loosening of the soil. However, with wedge-shaped disks, surface lumps of soil are pressed in, and the large distance between the toothed disks does not allow finely crumbling crumbling.

The closest in technical essence is the roller of the combined tillage unit. It is a hollow cylinder, the edges of which are used rods connecting vertical circular disks connected to a spring-loaded frame. The skating rink crumbles lumps of soil and levels the surface. (Prototype. Agricultural and land reclamation machines / N.P. Klenin, V.A. Sakun. - M .: Kolos, 1994. - C.95, Fig. 1.).

However, due to the fact that the ribs are sparse around the circumference of the cylinder, part of the lumps of soil remains without impact, and therefore does not collapse. The skating rink moves through large surface lumps and partially presses them into softer underlying soil. The surface is not sufficiently mulched by loose soil.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The task of the invention is to intensify the process of crumbling lumps of soil by impact on them in the presence of hard shock parts and bearings.

The technical result, which can be obtained using the invention, is reduced to the creation of a fine-grained structure of the upper soil layer, leveling the surface, which significantly reduces the evaporation of soil moisture.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the roller of the combined soil cultivating unit consists of two cylinders: the outer cylinder is hollow, its two vertical discs are connected by ribs of a square cross-section rod installed along a helical line and evenly spaced around the circumference, the inner cylinder is smooth hollow with ballast placed inside this is made with the possibility of filling it with ballast of different quantities, freely placed in the hollow space of the outer roller.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In Fig.1 is a General view of the roller combined tillage unit;

figure 2 - roller combined tillage unit, front view;

figure 3 - roller combined tillage unit, side view;

figure 4 is an internal smooth hollow cylinder with ballast, front view;

figure 5 - diagram of the forces acting on the inner smooth hollow cylinder.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The roller of the combined tillage unit consists of two cylinders: the outer hollow 1 (figure 1) and the inner smooth hollow cylinder 2. The outer hollow cylinder has two vertical discs 3 (figure 2), which are connected by ribs 4 made of a square bar. The ribs are evenly distributed around the circumference and installed along a helical line.

In the hollow space of the outer cylinder 1 is freely placed inner smooth hollow cylinder 2.

A smooth hollow cylinder 2 is made with the possibility of filling it through the neck 5 with ballast of a material of increased density, while it is made with the possibility of changing the amount of ballast to levels I, II, etc. (figure 3). In the center of the vertical discs 3 are placed bearing assemblies 6 (Fig. 4), to which rods 7 are attached connecting the roller with the frame of the combined tillage unit.

The skating rink, as a rule, is the last in the technological chain of the combined tillage unit.

In the process of movement of the roller of the combined tillage aggregate, soil lumps 8 (Fig. 5) lying on the surface fall between the ribs 4 into the inner space of the outer hollow cylinder 1.

Due to the friction forces F (Fig. 5), the inner smooth hollow cylinder 2 rises along the inner surface of the outer hollow cylinder 1 from position I to II. This happens until the component of gravity G _m becomes greater than the friction force F. Then it rolls down, hitting the soil inside the lump 8. The ratio of the diameters of the inner smooth hollow cylinder 2 and the size of the lumps of soil is chosen so that it does not able to roll over a lump. According to available data, the cylinder diameter d _c should be less than five times the size of the lumps of soil d _to . For example: d _k = 6 cm; d _c <5 · 6 <30 cm.

To change the momentum of the force, the internal smooth hollow cylinder is made with the possibility of filling it with ballast of different amounts from dense material (sand, concrete, water).

The presence of two cylinders at the rink provides an intensification of the process of crumbling of lumps of soil. Now they are not pressed into the less hard lower layers, but are destroyed by an internal smooth cylinder filled with ballast in the presence of a rigid support in the form of ribs of the outer hollow cylinder. The process improves the presence of square ribs.

In addition, the ribs compact the subsurface layer, and going out, mulch the surface layer.

The location of the ribs along the helix helps to smooth the surface of the soil.

Mulching the surface layer and leveling the surface provides a significant reduction in the evaporation of soil moisture, which contributes to an increase in the yield of cultivated crops.

Claims (1)

The roller of the combined soil cultivating unit, including a hollow cylinder with square ribs evenly spaced around the circumference, arranged along a helical line connecting vertical discs, in the center of which are mounted bearing assemblies with rods fixed to them, characterized in that a smooth cylinder is placed in the space of the hollow cylinder with the possibility of free rolling on its inner surface.

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