RU2359097C1 - Smoke stack with sheet reinforcement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of construction, namely, to designs of smoke stacks, but may also be used to erect, repair or reinforce different construction structures. Some stack with sheet reinforcement created by concrete structure reinforced by sheet reinforcement, in which sheet reinforcement is made of separate high-strength strips, which are fixed along circumference and along generatrices of pipe surface with the help of glue, thus creating cross and longitudinal reinforcement. At that ends of longitudinal strips after their pre-stressing are fixed with anchors fastened in pipe wall, and ends of cross pipes are connected to each other so that their pre-stressing is provided.

EFFECT: provision of high manufacturability in erection of smoke stacks and repairability in case of construction structures reinforcement.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, and more specifically to the construction of chimneys, but can also be used for the erection, repair or reinforcement of various building structures.

Reinforced concrete structures with sheet reinforcement without prestressing are known (see Voronkov R.V. Reinforced concrete structures with sheet reinforcement. L .: Stroyizdat, Leningrad Department of Intellectual Property, 1975. 144 p., Pp. 33-44).

Elements with sheet reinforcement without prestressing are used in underground structures of two types: being constructed in an open way and by the well method. Sheet reinforcement in such structures plays the role of waterproofing and is a supporting reinforcement, rod reinforcement is used only to ensure the joint operation of sheet reinforcement and concrete as anchors.

However, this design has a limited scope and cannot be used in structures where a more reliable system is required that ensures the joint operation of reinforcement and concrete.

Reinforced concrete structures with profiled sheet reinforcement are also known (RV Voronkov Reinforced concrete structures with sheet reinforcement. L .: Stroyizdat, Leningrad Department of Intellectual Property, 1975. 144 p., P. 43. Fig. 11).

However, this design also has a limited scope, since it cannot be used for the construction of structures with a high temperature and humidity gradient (chimneys, flues, reinforced concrete towers, cooling towers, etc.), which is primarily due , various coefficients of thermal linear expansion of steel and concrete.

Chimneys are known with vertical and annular prestressing rod reinforcement (see L.A. Korobov, A.F. Zharkov, A.O. Shernik. Smoke and ventilation pipes 200-500 meters high as spatial structures. M.: Sputnik company ”, 2006, p.80).

However, to date, there are only experimental designs, and the construction of chimneys, especially the strengthening of existing structures of this type with prestressing rod reinforcement, is not carried out due to the low technological quality of the proposed options.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the alleged invention is the technical solution that was used in the design of structures reinforced with prestressed sheet reinforcement (Voronkov R.V. Reinforced concrete structures with sheet reinforcement. L .: Stroyizdat, Leningrad Department of Intellectual Property, 1975 .144 p., Pp. 44-45. Fig. 12, 13).

In the structure under consideration, the prestressing of sheet reinforcement was carried out by injection of a cement-sand mortar under pressure with the addition of plasticizers into the space between the inner surface of the reinforcement and the surface of concrete facing the reinforcement, while the reinforcement of the sheet was fixed in concrete.

For all the advantages of the proposed constructive solution, it should be noted that for the construction, and even more so for strengthening and repairing chimneys, the design under consideration is completely unacceptable, since when working at high heights, the device of prestressed reinforcement of this kind will require large labor costs and will cause a significant increase in the weight of the chimney design overall, which will lead to the need to strengthen the foundation.

In order to reduce labor costs, reduce the weight of the chimney, and also to increase the reliability of the structure, sheet reinforcement of the chimney is proposed using a system formed by separate strips that can be made of carbon fibers, steel, fiberglass and other high-strength materials. The thickness of the strips is taken to be 0.1 ÷ 0.5 mm, and the width is within 100 ÷ 200 mm, which allows for preliminary work of reinforcement with reinforced or erected structure to produce preliminary tension (voltage), which can be done by previously known methods .

Fixation of strips on the surface of the structure is carried out using any known high-strength adhesive compositions based on polymer compositions.

To increase adhesion from the surface of the structure on the metal strips, holes are made which, when gluing the strips, are filled with adhesive, which prevents the strip from shifting relative to the surface of the structure.

The strips made of any fibers are impregnated with a glue composition before they are applied to the surface of the structure, which penetrates through the interfiber spaces, connects with the adhesive composition on the surface of the structure, and thus prevents any movement of the strips relative to the surface of the structure, ensuring the concrete to work together with fittings.

An additional force of adhesion of the strips to the surface of the structure is provided by a system of strips that are glued to the surface of the structure in the transverse direction relative to the strips originally glued in the longitudinal direction.

On the example of reinforcing the construction of a reinforced concrete chimney, the strip system is oriented as follows:

- longitudinal strips are glued from top to bottom along the generatrix of the pipe surface, the circumferential distance between the strips is determined from the condition of the strength of the structure as a whole and to avoid waterlogging of concrete during diffusion of the gas-vapor mixture through the pipe walls;

- transverse strips that are glued around the circumference over the longitudinal strips, thus preventing the formation of longitudinal cracks in the pipe wall and increasing the adhesion of the longitudinal strips to the surface of the structure;

- the ends of the longitudinal strips after prestressing are fixed with anchors embedded in the pipe wall;

- the ends of the transverse strips are interconnected in any way that provides prestressing.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a fragment of a chimney reinforced with longitudinal and transverse stripes.

The chimney 1 is installed on the foundation 2, the longitudinal reinforcement 3 is fixed on the pipe surface with adhesive, and the ends of each reinforcement strip are fixed with anchors 5, the ends of the transverse reinforcement strips 4 are interconnected in some way that provides prestress 6.

While the strip 4 is stretched over the strip 3, additionally fixing the reinforcement system as a whole on the surface of the pipe 1.

It should be noted that sheet reinforcement of the chimney with prestressing can be carried out not only by vertical and annular strained strips, but also by strained strips running along oncoming and also fixed to the surface spirals.

Any other pipe reinforcement scheme is also possible, which can be selected at the design stage.

It should also be noted that the variability of the reinforcement schemes is due to the proposed reinforcement system, since the systems of reinforcing both sheet and with the use of rods are not previously known because of the relatively low manufacturability.

Thus, it should be noted that the proposed design of a chimney with sheet reinforcement, in contrast to previously known structures, has certain advantages, since the joint work of reinforcement and concrete under conditions of significant temperature gradients and various coefficients of thermal expansion of concrete and reinforcement is ensured.

In addition to using the proposed construction of chimney reinforcement, this technical solution can be applied in the design of cooling towers, towers and other high-rise structures, as well as for strengthening and repairing structures for any purpose, made not only of concrete, but also of other building materials.

It should be noted the relatively high adaptability and maintainability of this technical solution.

If necessary, the proposed system for reinforcing chimneys can be used not only to strengthen the outer surface of the pipe, but also to reinforce the inner surface using materials with resistance to high temperatures.

Claims (1)

A chimney with sheet reinforcement formed by a concrete structure reinforced with sheet reinforcement, characterized in that the sheet reinforcement is made of separate high-strength strips that are secured around the circumference and along the surface of the pipe using glue, thus forming transverse and longitudinal reinforcement, with the ends of the longitudinal strips after their prestressing are fixed by anchors fixed in the pipe wall, and the ends of the transverse strips are interconnected in such a way that prestress.