RU2359083C2 - Tidal hydroelectric plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydroenergetics, to low pressure flows of seas, rivers and water outlets of hydro electric stations and reservoirs. A tidal hydroelectric plant contains a cylindrical body of the machine compartment with a gear box and electric generator of the tail hydroturbine with arms, mounted on its axis and the axis of rotation. On the upper part of the body is fixed a flat pylon, on the end of the pivot system and the axis of rotation. The body is suspended on a crossbeam in the passage of the catamaran for lifting the power station to the level of the servicing platform on the grooves of the support bridge pier, connected by the arch with a lifting mechanism. Arms of the hydroturbine are made short and wide sweptforward on the leading edge and with a concave surface in the form of a parabolic curve, and a convex surface of the tailpiece perforated with slanting slits. ^ EFFECT: reduces the depth of the low pressure power stations, increases the hydrodynamic quality of the hydroturbines arms, and ensures periodic lifting of the power station from the water. ^ 3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydropower, to low-pressure sea currents (ebbs and flows), rivers and spillways of hydroelectric power stations and reservoirs.

A tidal power plant is known (see the book by Felix R. Paturi. Architects of the 21st Century, Moscow: Progress, 1980, p. 68, Fig. 32), which contains a horizontal capsular hydraulic unit with rotary impeller blades with two-sided turbine operation, in which the electric generator is enclosed in a capsule with air and water cooling channels and mounted in the lock-hole of the tidal dam.

At this tidal power plant, high costs for the construction of a dam with tunnel waterways, high cost of electricity, low efficiency of the turbine blades, limited use of the power plant.

The closest analogue to this invention is (see the book. LB Bernstein. Tidal power plants in modern energy. M: Gosenergoizdat, 1961, p. 34, Fig. 3-7). This unit contains a cylindrical body streamlined body of revolution with a tail turbine with long and narrow blades of direct sweep. The body in the bow with the gearbox and generator is a counterweight to the turbine, mounted on a vertical axis in a metal frame, which is mounted on a reinforced concrete frame on the seabed.

At this power plant, high costs for its construction and maintenance at great depths, low efficiency of a hydraulic turbine, application is limited.

The tasks solved by the invention:

- reduce the immersion depth of the low-pressure power plant;

- increase the hydrodynamic quality of the blades of the turbine;

- install the power plant on the suspension with its periodic rise from the water.

The invention consists in the following. The tidal power station contains a cylindrical engine compartment case with a gearbox and an electric generator, a tail turbine with blades mounted on its axis, and a pivot axis, a flat pylon at the end with a hinge system and a pivot axis is mounted in the upper part of the body, while the body is suspended on a cargo beam in span of a catamaran for lifting the power plant to the level of the service platform along the grooves of bull racks connected by an arch to the lifting mechanisms, the catamaran is made with rounded contours and together with the body form an underwater span with confuser walls to increase the flow backwater in its aft part, and the turbine blades are made short and wide with a reverse sweep along the leading edge and with a concave surface in the form of a parabolic curve, and the convex surface of the tail part is perforated by oblique slits, the slots in the cross section have the shape of a crescent moon and made swept downstream, while on a convex surface overlap across the stiffener.

Blueprints

Figure 1 - General view of the power plant.

Figure 2 is a suspension diagram of a power plant on a catamaran.

Figure 3 is a section along aa.

Figure 4 is a view along arrow B (expanded).

The power plant contains a housing 1 (Fig. 1), an electric generator 2 and a gear 3 are mounted in it. A pylon is mounted in the upper part of the housing, a guiding apparatus with an acute angle α of the reverse sweep along the leading edge. The power plant on the pylon 4 using the axial hinge of rotation and yaw 5 and power hinges is suspended on the cargo beam 6 in the alignment of the struts 7 in the span of the catamaran 8 (figure 2). On the axial hinge 5, an annular electrical coupling 9 for removing electric current with an electric cable 10 is installed. A float 11 is mounted in the nose of the body, and ballast 12 is mounted in the tail of the hydraulic turbine, balancers providing the angle of attack of the body to the incoming flow. A blade 13 is mounted on the axis of the hydraulic turbine with an acute angle β along the end edge with a slit 14 and a stiffener 15 (Fig. 3). Figure 4 shows the laminar sublayer 16, which is formed under pressure of the flow core on a concave surface in the tail of the blade. In Fig. 1, a yaw arm H of a power plant building is indicated in a vertical plane downstream.

Work

A tidal power plant is vertically immersed in a system of mechanisms. Braking the incoming flow in the turbine forms a center of hydraulic pressure with the yaw arm H of the orientation of the power plant in the flow and provides an optimal angle of attack of the body to the incoming flow. Torque on the axis of the turbine is transmitted to the axis of the generator. The generator is cooled by air circulation through the pylon channels.

This design will allow for the two-way operation of the power plant and its suspension in the span of bridges, as well as increase the hydrodynamic quality of the turbine.

Claims (3)

1. A tidal power station, comprising a cylindrical engine compartment body with a gearbox and an electric generator, a tail turbine with blades mounted on its axis, and a pivot axis, characterized in that a flat pylon at the end with a hinge system and a pivot axis is mounted in the upper part of the body, the hull is suspended on a cargo beam in the span of a catamaran for lifting the power plant to the level of the service platform along the grooves of bull racks connected by an arch to the lifting mechanisms, and the blades of the hydraulic turbine are made short and wide with a reverse sweep along the leading edge and with a concave surface in the form of a parabolic curve, and the convex surface of the tail portion is perforated by oblique slits. 2. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the catamaran is made with rounded contours and together with the body forms an underwater span with confuser walls to increase the flow backwater in its stern. 3. The power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the cracks in the cross section are in the shape of a crescent-moon and are swept in the flow, while on the convex surface they are overlapped across the stiffener.

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