RU2357888C1 - Goods transportation device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics; transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to controllable devices intended for goods transporting, particularly to trailers designed to be coupled with driving vehicle. The invention may be used under limited spatial conditions. The device is intended for transporting goods and contains frame where controlling and controllable swinging circles are installed in the lower part of the frame. Controllable wheels are placed on an axis and connected with controllable swinging circle. The pulling element is coupled with swinging circles and forms figure-of-eight shaped loop. In addition, axle with wheels is connected with controlling swinging circle. In order to place pulling elements, sprocket wheels are installed under controlling and controllable swinging wheels. The pulling element is represented with a chain in the points of sprocket coverage. The above mentioned chain is fastened to the rigid thrusts by means of turn-buckles.

EFFECT: increased reliability of device and accurate turning.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to controlled devices for the transport of goods, in particular to trailers designed for coupling with a leading vehicle, and can be used in confined spaces.

A known design [1] of a trolley for transporting goods, containing a frame with a central axis, as well as a primary and secondary tip, a control pulley fixed with a pin to the frame and adjacent to the primary tip, which can rotate around the axis of the vertical pulley, means for temporary coupling a control pulley with a driving vehicle to provide a message to the control pulley of any angular deviation of the vehicle from the axis of the pulley, a pair of steered wheels, each of which is fixed when pin support, and adjacent to the secondary tip of the frame, located on opposite sides of the central axis, a pair of steered wheels that support the trailer, a wheel support blocking each of the wheels or allowing them to rotate freely relative to the frame, relative to the axis of rotation of the kingpin. The design also contains a dual wheel pulley on the side of each caliper, a flexible stretched element with connected ends, coming from the control pulley and the pulley of the wheel in the form of a figure of eight to ensure the rotation of the pulleys of the wheels around the corresponding axes of the rotary pulley in the opposite direction to the rotation of the control pulley. It can be used as part of a series of trailers that precisely follow the lead vehicle.

The disadvantages of this design include: the lack of rigid adhesion (slippage) of the traction element, the absence of an instant center of rotation due to the fact that there is no rigid connection between the wheels (each wheel rotates about its vertical axis), insufficient maneuverability with long loads, lack of an adjustable angle limit turning, insufficient rigidity of the traction element. The device does not have sufficient durability, since slipping of the traction element leads to friction and increased wear. There is no possibility of using the invention for the transportation of long loads (for example, the frame of the bus).

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a device for turning the wheels of a semitrailer of a vehicle [2], comprising a horizontal frame, a traction element forming a loop in the form of a figure of eight for turning the steering wheels to the side opposite to the direction of rotation of the steering wheels, a turntable (controlled) connected with steered wheels of the semitrailer and interacting with a steering wheel fixed on the saddle plate of the vehicle, and a copier. The control and rotary (controlled) circles are arranged coaxially, and the rotary (controlled) circle is equipped with pivotally mounted dogs for interacting with the radial protrusions of the control circle and the profiled grooves of the copier fixedly mounted on the frame of the semi-trailer.

The disadvantages of the known device include: the lack of rigid adhesion (slippage) of the traction element, the absence of an instantaneous center of rotation at angles of rotation of the control circle of more than 40 degrees, the absence of an adjustable limitation of the angle of rotation, insufficient rigidity of the traction element. And thus, the known invention cannot be fully used in cramped conditions due to the lack of an instantaneous center of rotation at certain angles of rotation of the control circle.

The task of the invention is to increase the durability, reliability and accuracy of rotation for work in cramped conditions.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the device for transporting goods contains a frame, coaxially located control and controlled turntables, steered wheels located on the axis and connected to a controlled turntable, and the traction element is connected to circles and forms a loop in the form of a figure eight. An axle with wheels is attached to both turntables, the device additionally contains sprockets, rigidly fixed in the lower parts of the axles, adjusting limit stops mounted on the frame, the traction element is combined, in places of spanning the sprockets the traction element is made in the form of a chain, which is fastened with lanyards to the rigid rods, rotating guides mounted on beams at different heights support rigid rods by the presence of a drawbar.

The use of a combined traction element, sprockets, adjusting stops, rotating guides can increase the accuracy of rotation of the device for transporting goods and increase its reliability and durability.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the device for the transport of goods.

Figure 2 shows a device for the transport of goods, top view.

Figure 3 shows the attachment of sprockets.

Figure 4 shows a lanyard, chain and rigid rods.

Figure 5 shows the rotating guides of the rigid rods.

Figure 6 shows the control stop.

7 shows the instantaneous center of rotation.

A device for transporting goods contains a welded frame 1 (figure 1) of a rectangular shape with transverse beams 12 and 13 (figure 2), a central axis 14 (figure 2), a leading axis 2 and a driven axis 3 (figure 1) with six wheels 9 and 21 (figure 2) on each. Wheels 9 and 21 are mounted on axles 2 and 3 in standard bearing units. The number of wheels 9 and 21 and the material of the rim of the wheels depends on the capacity of the trailer. The driving axle 2 with wheels 21 and the driven axle 3 with wheels 9 are attached to the turntables 4 (control) and 5 (controlled) (Fig. 1). Turntables 4 (control) or 5 (controlled) are two disks with rolling bodies between them. Turntables 4 (control) and 5 (controlled) are located in the lower part of the frame 1 and can be rotated relative to it to adjustable limit stops 11 (Fig.6), which are rigidly fixed to the surface of the frame.

In the lower parts of the driving 2 and driven axles 3 under the turntables 4 (control) and 5 (controlled), sprockets 15 (Fig. 3) are rigidly fixed, connected by a pulling element 6. The pulling element 6 is made combined and consists of two sections of the chain 18, connected by turnbuckles 17 with rigid rods 19 (for example, a steel bar), and forms a loop around the sprockets 15 in the form of a figure eight (figure 2). The traction element 6 is a chain 18 at the points of engagement with the sprockets 15, and at the points of intersection with the transverse beams 12 and 13 - rigid rods 19. The length of the chain 18, which engages with the sprockets 15, is selected so as to ensure the maximum possible angle of rotation . On each of the transverse beams 12 and 13 of the welded frame 1 to maintain rigid rods 19, to eliminate the possibility of sagging and friction at different heights, rotating guides 20 are fixed (Fig. 5).

The presence of lanyards 17 provides pre-tensioning of the traction element 6 and eliminates sagging of the entire gear and slippage of the chain 18 itself (Fig. 4). From the bottom to the sprockets 15, brackets 16 (Fig. 3) are rigidly attached, which do not allow the chain 18 to fall from the sprockets 15. The drawbar 7 (Fig. 1) is attached to the drive axle 2 with wheels 9 at two points. In the front part, the drawbar 7 has a coupling loop 8 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) for connection with the towing tug. Adjustable limit stops 11 are mounted on the frame (Fig. 6).

A device for transporting goods works as follows.

The load is placed on the frame 1, the tug is attached to the drawbar 7. When the drawbar 7 is rotated by a certain angle (Fig. 7), the drive axle 2 with wheels 21 rotates the same angle relative to the frame 1. Also, an asterisk 15 is rotated to this angle, rigidly fixed to driving axis 2. The torque from the sprocket 15 of the driving axis 2 through the chain 18 and the system of rigid rods 19 is transmitted to the driven sprocket (not specified). Moreover, only one of the rigid rods 19 is operating. The driven sprocket (not specified), rigidly fixed to the driven axis 3, turning, rotates the driven axis 3 with wheels 9 by the same angle. Due to the fact that the wheels 9 and 21 are located on the driving 2 and driven 3 axles, and the traction element 6 has sufficient rigidity (since it is combined, where the chain component of the traction element 6 provides positioning accuracy, and rigid rods 19 - transmission accuracy and rigidity ), the presence of an instantaneous rotation center O (Fig. 7), and therefore, maneuverability, is ensured.

Upon reaching the maximum angle of rotation previously set by the limit stops 11, the axis 2 or 3 abuts against the limit stop 11, which makes it impossible to further increase the angle of rotation.

Information sources

1. P. US No. 5033763, IPC B62D 13/04, publ. 04/14/1989

2. A.S. USSR No. 747764, IPC B62D 13/04, publ. July 15, 1980 Bulletin No. 26.

Claims (1)

A device for transporting goods, comprising a frame, axially arranged steering and steering turntables, steered wheels located on an axis and connected to a controlled turntable, the traction element is connected to the turntables and forms a loop in the form of a figure eight, characterized in that the axle with wheels is additionally connected to the control turntable, while under the control and controlled turntables sprockets are installed to accommodate the traction element, and the traction element in the places of coverage of the sprockets in made in the form of a chain, which is attached with lanyards to rigid rods.

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