RU2357412C2 - Method of stable treatment of bee colonies with ozone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, namely to bee farming, and can be used to stimulate spring development of bee families and cure bee diseases. For the purpose of stabilised treatment of bee families with ozone in case of ambient air temperature alteration, the productivity of an electric ozoniser is increased by altering active power of the electric ozoniser discharge device according to the dependency

where P - active power of the electric ozoniser discharge device, W; Q_K - compressor output, m³/hour; V_IH - air volume inside a hive, m³; k_PC - coefficient of energy efficiency of ozone output, mg/W; C_IH - established ozone concentration in the hive; t - working time, s; T - ambient air temperature, °C.

EFFECT: invention provides for improved stability of treating bee families with ozone.

2 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to beekeeping, and can be used to improve the quality of processing of bee colonies with ozone.

Known methods for treating bee colonies with ozone to stimulate spring development and treat bee diseases.

Also known is the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2237404 C1, 7 A01K 51/00 dated 10.10.2004, Bull. No. 28, "Method of controlling ascospherosis", which consists in the fact that as a biologically active substance using an ozone-air mixture with an ozone concentration of from 60 to 500 mg / m ³ , with an exposure time of 12 hours, processing is performed three times with an interval of 7 days.

The disadvantage of this method is the instability of the effect obtained, since the method uses the values of the concentrations of ozone in the air at the outlet of the discharge device of the electrozonator, and real steady-state concentrations of ozone in the hive are not taken into account at all.

Also known is the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2234837 C1, 7 A01K 51/00 dated 08/27/2004, Bull. No. 24, "Method for processing bees", which includes feeding biologically active gaseous substances into beehives, using ozone with a concentration of 16 to 64 mg / m ³ and treated for 5-720 minutes, with a frequency of up to 2 times a day.

This method is the closest in combination of features, however, the disadvantage of this method is the instability of the effect obtained. The method does not take into account the real steady-state concentrations of ozone in the hive, and the used values of the concentrations of ozone in the air at the outlet of the discharge device of the electrozonator are indicated without any dependence on environmental factors.

The technical solution to the problem is the stabilization of the processing parameters of the bees with ozone and, as a result, the stable achievement of the technological effect.

The problem is achieved in that in a method for stabilizing bee colonies with ozone, comprising supplying a gaseous substance - ozone, to the beehives with bees, according to the invention, when the outside temperature changes, the concentration of ozone in the beehive is maintained by adjusting the active power of the discharge device of the electric shielding device, which is determined in according to the formula:

where P is the active power of the discharge device of the electrozonator, W; Q _to - compressor capacity, m ³ / h; V _WU - the volume of intra-ole air, m ³ , k _RS - coefficient of energy efficiency of ozone output, mg / W; With _VU - the steady-state concentration of ozone in the hive; t is the operating time, s; T - outdoor temperature, ° C.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 is a graph of the influence of the temperature of the outside air on the inside of the air exchange; figure 2 - dependence of the required active power of the discharge device elektrozonator from the temperature of the outdoor air when the ozone-air mixture is supplied into the intereuil space of 1 m ³ / h

When developing ozonation systems for bee colonies, in order to achieve the set task, it is important to maintain the processing regime parameters. The main parameters are the concentration of ozone in the air and the processing time. To control the processing time, as a rule, is quite simple and affordable, in contrast to the control of ozone concentration. Modern methods for monitoring ozone concentration, based on the absorption of ultraviolet radiation by a wavelength of 253.7 nm by ozone, are quite accurate, but have a high cost, which is 10 or more times the cost of an average ozonizer for an AIC with a discharge device power of 100 W, which does not allow the use of a concentration meter ozone as a sensor in the field. Therefore, it is not economically feasible to create electrozonators with regulation of the parameters for the deviation of ozone concentrations in the interior of the mule. For the implementation of economically feasible regulation perturbation it is necessary to analyze the destabilizing factors acting on the system. The most significant destabilizing factor is intra-uvial air exchange and its change depending on the outdoor temperature.

The expression for the concentration of ozone in the air has the form:

;

;

where C is the concentration of ozone in the air, mg / m ³ ; m is the mass of ozone, mg; V is the volume of air, m ³ .

For a room, taking into account the performance of the electric gap and the frequency of air exchange:

;

;

where Q _oz - the performance of the discharge device elektroozonator, mg / h; k _B - air exchange coefficient, 1 / h; V is the volume of air in the room, m ³ .

When processing bee colonies with ozone, which includes an external supply of the ozone-air mixture to the hive, the expression for the steady-state concentration of ozone in the intraluminal air will look like:

where Q _to - compressor capacity, m ³ / h; V _WU - the volume of intra-air, m ³ .

To maintain the parameters of the intra-mucus microclimate, the bee family changes the air exchange in the hive, as shown in figure 1. The temperature of the outside air is the main factor influencing the intralui air exchange, which changes by more than 2000 times in the temperature range from 0 to 45 ° С. Such a change in air exchange is a factor that very strongly destabilizes the concentration of ozone in the intramural air. Therefore, the expression of ozone concentration, taking into account changes in the temperature of the outside air T, will have the form:

;

;

This expression is obtained as a result of the analysis of experimental data adequately for bee colonies in the same technological state.

The performance of the electric shielding element is linearly proportional to the active power of the discharge device of the electric shielding element. The coefficient of energy efficiency of ozone output k _PC with constant design parameters

the discharge device of the electric shielding is a constant value, and characterizes the effectiveness of a given design.

Obviously, the performance of Q _oz is equal to:

;

;

Then, the expression of the ozone concentration in the hive, taking into account the temperature of the outside air and the power of the discharge device, will have the form:

;

;

Therefore, the expression that determines the amount of active power depending on changes in the temperature of the outside air, to maintain a given concentration of ozone will be:

;

;

The dependence of the required active power of the discharge device in accordance with the expression (7) is presented in figure 2.

Thus, in order to maintain the required concentration of ozone in the interior of the oar space, in a technologically determined temperature range from 10 to 30 ° C, it is necessary to adjust the magnitude of the active power of the discharge device of the electrozonator 6.2 times. Such regulation can be carried out for a sinusoidal current supply by changing the effective value of the supply voltage or current frequency, and for a pulsed power supply by changing the parameters of pulse-width modulation. Each of the methods also defines its own regulation law.

An example of a specific implementation of the method for treating bee colonies with ozone: when the ozone-air mixture is fed into the hive with an unchanged ozonizer productivity, the intra-ozone concentration of ozone changes sharply depending on the temperature of the outside air, since the intra-ozone air exchange changes, which is confirmed by the dependence in Fig. 1 and data of option 1 in table 1. When changing the active power of the discharge device is made depending on the outdoor temperature, in accordance with the expression (7), the concentration is constant a (variant 2).

Table 1 The effect of outdoor temperature on the steady-state concentration of ozone in the hive for two options: with constant active power of the discharge device and with changing in accordance with expression (7). Outdoor temperature Option 1 (prototype) Option 2 (new way) Power discharge device Steady-state ozone concentration in the hive Power discharge device Steady-state ozone concentration in the hive T, ° С R, W C, mg / m ³ R, W C, mg / m ³ 8 1.65 777.0669 1,061685 500 9 1.65 768,9709 1,072862 500 10 1.65 759,1156 1,086791 500 eleven 1.65 747.1831 1,104147 500 12 1.65 732.8292 1,125774 500 13 1.65 715.6968 1,152723 500 fourteen 1.65 695,4379 1,186303 500 fifteen 1.65 671,7439 1,228147 500 16 1.65 644.3868 1,280287 500 17 1.65 613.2654 1,345258 500 eighteen 1.65 578.4536 1,426216 500 19 1.65 540,2407 1,527097 500 twenty 1.65 499.1523 1,652802 500 21 1.65 455.9421 1,80944 500 22 1.65 411.5486 2,004623 500 23 1.65 367,0196 2,247836 500 24 1.65 323,4154 2,550899 500 25 1.65 281.7106 2,928538 500 26 1.65 242,711 3,399105 500 27 1.65 207,0021 3,985467 500 28 1.65 174.9319 4.71612 500 29th 1.65 146.6258 5.626569 500 thirty 1.65 122,0223 6.761059 500 31 1.65 100,9209 8.17472 500 32 1.65 83,02931 9,936251 500 33 1.65 68,00617 12.13125 500 34 1.65 55,49429 14,86639 500 35 1.65 45.14465 18,27459 500 36 1.65 36.63172 22.52146 500 37 1.65 29.66197 27,81339 500 38 1.65 23.9773 34.40754 500 39 1.65 19,35513 42,62436 500 40 1.65 15,60634 52,86315 500 41 1.65 12,57211 65.62146 500 42 1.65 10,1203 81,5193 500 43 1.65 8,141778 101.3292 500 44 1.65 6.546897 126,0139 500 45 1.65 5.262389 156.7729 500

Table 2 shows the experimental data on the stabilization of the ozonation parameters of bee colonies. The experiments were conducted in the field. Tenfold repetition is ensured by the simultaneous processing by ten sets of plants of ten groups of bee colonies. In the experiment, for the second option, it was required to maintain the ozone concentration in the hive of 500 mg / m ³ for the treatment of bee ascospherosis.

table 2 Experimental data on the stabilization of ozone concentration in the hive for real temperatures in the city of Krasnodar in May 2006 May 2006 Outdoor temperature Option 1 (prototype) Option 2 (new way) date of T, ° С Power discharge device Steady-state ozone concentration in the hive Power discharge device Steady-state ozone concentration in the hive one 21 1.65 455 1.82 502 33 1.65 68 12,2 504 2 twenty 1.65 500 1,66 495 26 1.65 242 3.41 512 3 13 1.65 715 1.15 501 23 1.65 366 2.26 489 four 13 1.65 715 1.15 500 26 1.65 242 3.41 499 5 fifteen 1.65 671 1.23 503 28 1.65 174 4.74 508 6 fourteen 1.65 695 1.19 494 27 1.65 206 4.00 479 7 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 505 22 1.65 411 2.01 507 8 fifteen 1.65 671 1.23 501 19 1.65 540 1,53 496 9 fifteen 1.65 671 1.23 498 24 1.65 323 2,56 501 10 fifteen 1.65 671 1.23 512 17 1.65 613 1.35 500 eleven eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 502 28 1.65 174 4.74 516 12 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 513 32 1.65 83 9.99 490 13 twenty 1.65 499 1,66 486 31 1.65 one hundred 8.222 507 fourteen 19 1.65 540 1,536 510 28 1.65 174 4.74 500 fifteen 19 1.65 540 1,536 506 26 1.65 242 3.41 491 16 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 488 25 1.65 281 2.94 505 17 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 502 28 1.65 174 4.74 518 eighteen 19 1.65 540 1,53 488 27 1.65 206 4.00 500 19 16 1.65 644 1.28 590 26 1.65 242 3.41 503 twenty 16 1.65 644 1.28 515 28 1.65 174 4.74 495 21 17 1.65 613 1.35 502 27 1.65 206 4.00 505 22 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 478 26 1.65 242 3.41 504 23 17 1.65 613 1.35 500 25 1.65 281 2.94 498 24 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 495 29th 1.65 146 5.66 508 25 19 1.65 540 1,53 509 29th 1.65 146 5.66 496 26 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 505 thirty 1.65 122 6.80 501 27 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 497 33 1.65 68 12,20 490 28 eighteen 1.65 578 1.43 501 29th 1.65 146 5.66 486 29th fourteen 1.65 695 1.19 507 26 1.65 242 3.41 510 thirty fourteen 1.65 695 1.19 500 27 1.65 206 4.00 506 31 fifteen 1.65 671 1.23 486 thirty 1.65 122 6.80 507

As can be seen from table 2, for option 1 with a constant active power of the discharge device for May 2006, the concentration of ozone in the hive changed more than 10 times. Such a fluctuation cannot ensure the safety of bee colonies and the quality treatment of bee diseases. At the same time, for option 2, the ozone concentration in the hive changed by no more than 5%. So, for example, when the temperature of the outside air changed from 18 to 29 ° C, the active power of the discharge device was changed from 1.4 to 5.7 W, which made it possible to stabilize the ozone concentration at the required level. The difference in the values of the ozone concentration for option 2 in table 2 from 500 mg / m ³ due to the measurement error and control error.

Claims (1)

A method for stabilizing the treatment of bee families with ozone, comprising supplying a biologically active gaseous substance, ozone, to the beehives with bees by an electrozonator, characterized in that when the outdoor temperature is changed, the performance of the electrozonator is controlled by changing the active power of the discharge device of the electrozonator in accordance with the dependence

where P is the active power of the discharge device of the electrozonator, W; Q _to - compressor capacity, m ³ / h; V _WU - the volume of the inside air, m ³ ; k _RS - coefficient of energy efficiency of ozone output, mg / W; With _VU - the steady-state concentration of ozone in the hive; t is the operating time, s; T is the temperature of the outside air, ° C, and in accordance with which, to stabilize the ozone concentration at the level of 500 mg / m ³ when the temperature of the outdoor air changes from 20 to 30 ° C, the active power of the discharge device is changed from 1.4 to 6.7 W providing stabilization of ozone concentration at the required level.

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