RU2355914C2 - Differentially balanced pumping unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics, oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: unit is intended for using as deep well pump for oil production from oil wells. The unit consists of a platform, pedestal with gearbox and rack being installed on it, electric motor coupled with gearbox through multiple V-belt drive. Differential crank converting mechanism is installed on the gearbox output shaft. The above mentioned converting mechanism contains two cranks interrelated through planetary gear. The central crank is rigidly installed on the gearbox output shaft. Driving crank with tension pulley is mounted on the central crank output shaft. Polished rod carrier bar is installed at the other side of gear box. The rack is installed on pedestal between polished rod carrier bar and tension pulley of driving crank. The oscillating equal-arm rocker is movably mounted on the rack and immovable heads are rigidly fixed to the rocker ends. From the side of converting mechanism cranks, the rocker head is connected with tension pulley of driving crank, while the other rocker head is coupled with polished rod carrier bar from the side of the above bar. The rack and rocker are implemented so that the rocker can rotate around its axis. The rocker head edges are in vertical plane, which is at some distance away from the wellhead. It is provided by the invention that balanced pumping unit design is implemented so as rack with rocker and converting crank mechanism being placed at one side of gearbox. Comfortable conditions for drive repair operations.

EFFECT: linear reciprocal motion of tension pulley is ensured on driving crank.

3 dwg, 4 cl

Description

The invention relates to techniques for oil production from wells and can be used to drive sucker rod pumps.

Known rocking machine with a balancing perereobrazuyuschim mechanism. It contains a frame, a rack connected by a V-belt transmission, an electric motor and a reducer, a balancing mechanism for converting the rotational motion of the output shaft of the reducer into the reciprocating movement of the suspension of the wellhead rod. Such a mechanism consists of cranks placed on the output shaft of the gearbox on two sides, pivotally connected to the cranks of the connecting rods, which are connected via a cross-arm to a two-arm swinging balancer with a head mounted on a rack, on which a flexible element with a wellhead rod suspension is fixed (GOST 51763-2001 , Drivers of sucker rod pumps, GOSSTANDARD of RUSSIA, Moscow, p. 3, Fig. 1).

The disadvantage of such a rocking machine is that the transforming mechanism contains swinging rods and a traverse, which leads to alternating horizontally directed forces acting on the rack and swinging the metal structure, and in case of breakage of one of the connecting rods to damage to the metal structure.

A rocking machine with a differential crank transforming mechanism is also known, it contains a base, a cabinet with a gearbox mounted on it and a rack with a crossbar and guide pulleys, a drive motor, a V-belt drive. On such a rocking machine, on the output shaft of the gearbox, on the one hand, there is a differential crank converting mechanism, the driving crank of which is connected via a guide element through the guide pulleys of the crossbar, to the suspension of the wellhead rod, which is located on the other side of the gearbox than the crank mechanism (RU 2270367 C2, 02.20.2006).

The disadvantage of such a rocking machine is that the guide pulleys have relatively small diameters, which slightly reduces the life of the flexible element, as well as the fact that the design of the crossbar is complicated due to the need to use a special mechanism for turning and fixing the position of the crossbar when repairing the well works.

An object of the present invention is to provide a rocking machine with a conversion mechanism, which eliminates the disadvantages inherent in rocking machines with balancing and differential conversion mechanisms.

This task is achieved by the fact that a balancer with two fixed heads at its ends is movably mounted on the rack, the balancer head on the side of the differential crank converting mechanism through a flexible element connected to the tension pulley of the leading crank of this mechanism, and the other head, on the suspension side of the wellhead rod, by means of another flexible element it is connected with the suspension of the wellhead rod, while the stand and the balancer are made with the possibility of turning the balancer around its axis, and when turning in Ron cranks - up classes they vertical position.

In this case, the shoulders of the balancer can be equal and not equal to each other. Then, at constant radii of the cranks, if the length of the shoulder of the balancer from the side of the suspension of the wellhead rod is longer than the length of the shoulder of the balancer from the side of the cranks, the length of the stroke increases, and vice versa, if the length of the shoulder of the balancer from the side of the suspension of the wellhead is less than from the side of the cranks, then the traction an effort.

This design of the rocking machine is simple and reliable. Compared with the known rocking machine with a differential conversion mechanism with a crossbar and guide pulleys, the bending radius of the flexible element increases, which increases its durability. The mechanism for turning and fixing the crossbar is excluded, which simplifies the design of the rocking machine. Compared with the known rocking machine with a balancing transforming mechanism, the design is simplified and reliability is increased, since there are no oscillating rods, a beam and a swinging head of the balancer, and the rack is loaded only with vertical forces.

The described rocking machine can also be made according to the scheme when the rack and the differential crank converting mechanism are located on one side of the gearbox and the axis of the rack and the longitudinal axis of the balancer are in a vertical plane passing through the axis of the gearbox output shaft.

Figure 1 schematically shows the proposed differential-balancing rocking machine; figure 2 is a schematic side view; figure 3 presents an embodiment of the rocking machine, when the rack and the differential converting mechanism are located on one side of the gearbox and the axis of the rack and the longitudinal axis of the balancer are in a vertical plane passing through the axis of the output shaft of the gearbox.

The rocking machine contains a base 1, a pedestal 2, an electric motor 3 connected through a V-belt drive 4 with a gear 5, converting a differential crank mechanism that is mounted on the output shaft of the gear on one side and contains two cranks interconnected through a planetary gear - central 6, rigidly mounted on the output shaft of the gearbox 5, and a driving crank 7 mounted on the output shaft of the central crank 6. The suspension of the wellhead rod 8 is located on the other side of the gearbox. The rack 9 is located directly on the pedestal above the gearbox, and the swinging balancer 10 is movably mounted on it with two heads 11 and 12 rigidly mounted at its ends. The tension pulley 13 mounted on the drive crank is connected to the first head 11 of the balancer by means of a flexible element 14, and the suspension of the wellhead rod 8, by means of a flexible element 15, is connected with another head 12 of the balancer. While the rack 9 is installed so that its axis, the longitudinal axis of the balancer 10, the suspension axis of the wellhead rod 8 and the attachment point of the tension pulley 13 on the driving crank 7 is in one vertical plane passing through the axis of the output shaft of the gearbox 5. To balance the rocking machine loads 16 are installed on the leading crank 16. A brake device 17 is also installed on the input shaft of the gearbox. Fences and platforms for servicing the rocking machine are not conventionally shown.

Rocking machine works as follows.

The rotation from the electric motor 3 by means of a V-belt drive 4 and a gearbox 5 is transmitted to the central crank 6 and through the gears to the leading crank 7 with a tension pulley 13 of the differential crank converting mechanism. In this case, the tension pulley on the driving crank receives a vertical rectilinear reciprocating movement and through the flexible element 14 and the head of the balancer 11 turns the body of the balancer 10, and through the head 12 of the balancer and the flexible element 15 transmits the vertical movement to the suspension of the wellhead rod 8. In this case, the traction lifting the suspension of the wellhead rod 8 is made up of the force from balancing weights, cranks and torque transmitted by the gearbox, and when lowering, the pulling force is already from the side of the suspension of the wellhead It is transmitted through the balancer and flexible elements to the idler pulley of the driving crank and, combined with the force from the torque transmitted by the gearbox, lifts the cranks.

Advantages of the rocking machine consist in an extremely compact and reliable design. There are no such weak links as connecting rods, traverse, rotary head inherent in the well-known balancing machines, the rack is loaded only with vertical forces, and therefore there are no forces swinging the structure. Cranks rotate counter, therefore, dynamic forces are minimized. The heads of the balancer are rigidly connected with the body of the balancer and have large radii, which is favorable for increasing the service life of flexible elements. Ease of maintenance is ensured when performing repair work due to a simple rotation of the balancer body, together with its heads, towards the cranks until they occupy a vertical position. With this position of the balancer, the edges of the heads of the balancer from the side of the well are in a vertical plane, separated from the wellhead by a certain distance, and free space is formed for repair work at the well. This does not require fixing the vertical position of the balancer, since it will be held in this position due to unbalanced relative to the vertical axis of the rack of mass.

The embodiment of the rocking machine is also of practical interest when the column with the balancer is located on the side of the cranks and the axis of the column and the longitudinal axis of the balancer are located in a vertical plane passing through the axis of the output shaft of the gearbox. In this case, the rack with the balancer, in fact, is installed on the well stationary and connected with the drive only by a flexible element. Therefore, it is convenient for maintenance and repair work of the drive of the rocking machine, as well as if it is necessary to replace the gearbox during repair, or to install the gearbox with a different gear ratio, if necessary, a sharp change in the frequency of swing of the rocking machine.

Claims (4)

1. A differential-balancing rocking machine containing a base, a stand with a gearbox and a stand installed on it, a drive motor, a V-belt drive, a gearbox, on the output shaft of which there is a differential crank converting mechanism on one side, and a wellhead suspension located on the other the side of the gearbox than the crank mechanism and the flexible element, characterized in that a balancer with two fixed heads at its ends is movably mounted on the rack, the head of the balancer with the side of the differential crank converting mechanism by means of a flexible element is connected to the tension pulley of the leading crank of this mechanism, and the other head, from the side of the suspension of the wellhead rod, is connected by means of another flexible element to the suspension of the wellhead rod, while the stand and the balancer are capable of turning the balancer around it axis, and when turning towards the cranks until they occupy a vertical position. 2. The rocking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the balancer is made with shoulder sizes equal to each other. 3. The rocking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the balancer is made with shoulder sizes not equal to each other. 4. The rocking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rack with the balancer and the differential crank converting mechanism are located on one side of the gearbox and the axis of the rack and the longitudinal axis of the balancer are in a vertical plane passing through the axis of the output shaft of the gearbox.

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