RU2350885C1 - Transporter-launcher container - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to missilery, in particular, to transporter-launcher containers (TLC) intended for storing, transporting and launching missiles to be launched in a "motor" way and operated integrated with vertical and inclined launchers of marine carriers as well as of ground self-propelled launchers (SPL). The TLC front face incorporates circular bearing flange with its shoulder furnished with the vertical launcher fastening element holes and with groove to orient the TLC with respect to hill. The TLC housing has, at least, two circular supports extending beyond its OD, while the housing rear face section features holes intended for inclined launcher fastening elements or for launching support designed to operate TLC incorporates with SPL. The TLC bottom accommodates a connector assembly and, in compliance with one of the possible versions, there can be arranged the assemblies for interaction with the vertical launcher grippers.

EFFECT: complete unitisation of TLV design for marine carriers and partial unification for SPL systems, except for easy-to-detach assembly units; lower costs of referencing missiles for launching from ground, lower costs of production and operation.

3 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of rocket technology, and more particularly to devices for storing, transporting and launching missiles from various types of launchers of sea and land carriers. The invention describes a universal transport and launch container (TPK) device for missiles, mainly tactical and operational tactical purposes, starting according to the “mortar” scheme.

A typical TPK of a rocket with a mortar launch is a cylindrical body with a “deaf” bottom, in the cavity of which a rocket is installed and a device is designed for its forced release. In order to ensure the operation of the TPK missiles, they are provided with elements of mechanical and electrical interface with launchers (launchers) of carriers.

As an example of TPK missiles with a mortar launch, we can consider the transport and launch container described in the invention, “Method for launching a rocket from TPK and device for its implementation” (RF patent No. 2240489, IPC: F42B 15/00, B64C 15/00). In the well-known TPK, the missile ejection device is made in the form of a powder pressure accumulator, and a bottom electric connector is used for electrical interfacing with PUs of various marine carriers. However, in the description of the TPK device, nodes of mechanical interface with PU are not presented.

In TPK according to the RF patent No. 220050 (IPC: F41F 3/04), the missile ejection device is made in the form of a catapult with power pneumatic cylinders, and the mechanical interface unit with PU is in the form of a rectangular TPK front bearing flange, which is equipped with bearing pads with guide holes pins and fasteners of ship PU. For electrical interfacing with PU, an electrical connector is also used, located on the bottom of the TPK. This TPK in terms of features is closest to the claimed invention and is considered by the authors as the closest analogue.

However, the device TPK according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 220050, being closely linked to a specific type of shipboard launcher ("Integrated ship module", patent of the Russian Federation No. 2211432, IPC: F41F 3/04), is characterized by a limited scope.

In particular, the well-known TPK, which was obviously developed in relation to the case of its attachment to the “ceiling” structures of the ship’s rocket cellar, cannot be directly used as part of the launcher, the structural scheme of which provides for the transfer of starting forces to the ship’s foundation (for example, “Modular multi-seat ship launcher vertical launch ", RF patent No. 2213925, IPC: F41F 3/04, B63G 1/00) or on the supporting elements of the deck (for example, inclined PU, shown in figure 1 of the description of the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2240489).

In the case of placement of such TPK on self-propelled launchers (SPU) of ground-based missile systems, additional difficulties arise due to the peculiarities of placement and loading of TPK on this type of launch vehicle.

Firstly, in contrast to shipboard launchers of rocket launchers with mortar launch, which are characterized by a fixed position of TPK, SPU TPK with missiles (including those launched vertically) are traditionally placed in a horizontal position. As a rule, SPU TPK is installed on a boom, which serves to translate them to the starting position and return to their original horizontal position (for example, SPU ZP851 of the S-300P complex (S-300P System, Equipment and Armament. Yesterday, today, tomorrow ”, No. 7, 2004, p. 27)). For mechanical pairing of TPK with SPU use nodes located mainly on the side surface of the container, which is most rational in terms of ease of rigging and fastening. At the same time, in order to avoid excessive loading of the SPU with the axial reactive force accompanying the mortar launch of the missiles, measures are taken to “decouple” the TPK and SPU before launch, which is provided on SPU ZP851 by supporting the bottom of the TPK on the surface of the launch pad. In this regard, the bottom of the TPK missiles of the S-300P complex is made in the form of a supporting (power) structure, designed for the perception of starting forces.

Secondly, the electrical communication connectors of missiles deployed on SPU, as a rule, are also installed on the lateral surface of the TPK, which provides ease of access to them when loading and unloading ammunition. Bottom electrical connectors are traditionally used on "sea" missiles, which in most cases is associated with the lack of access to the side surface of the TPK as part of shipboard launchers. It should be noted that this arrangement of the electrical connector, in the case of placement of the TPK on the SPU, makes it impossible to directly support the bottom of the container to the ground.

Finally, one of the characteristic features of tactical and operational tactical missiles of the ground-to-surface and ground-to-ground class (with a range of up to 100–300 km) is the need for accurate mutual coordination of the position of the axes of the navigation systems of the missiles and their carriers. The axes of the rocket navigation system, as a rule, are materialized by the basic axes and the corresponding nodes of the TPK design. However, it is obvious that the holes “a” performing this function in the shelf of the TPK carrier flange according to RF patent No. 220050 can only be used if the TPK is loaded vertically into the carrier PU.

The problem solved by the invention is the expansion of the scope of the TPK, in terms of the possibility of its operation as part of various types of launchers of sea and land carriers.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the well-known TPK containing a housing in which a rocket is mounted and a device for its forced ejection is placed, an electrical connector is installed on the bottom, and a carrier flange is mounted on the front end, in the shelf of which holes are made for fasteners for PU carrier , according to the claimed invention, a groove is made in the shelf of the bearing flange of the ring shape, materializing the position of the TPK along the roll, at least two annular rings are made on the side surface of the container body a support extending beyond the outer diameter of the housing, and rear end frames are provided with holes for fasteners or PU carrier starting TPK support provided with mechanical interfacing with nodes launcher.

On the bottom of the housing TPK nodes can be made for interaction with the captures of the launcher launcher media.

The starting support is recommended to be made in the form of a hollow cylinder-shaped body with a base expanding to the bottom and a power bottom, while the starting support contains the counterpart of the TPK electrical connector with an adapter cable emerging from its cavity through an opening in the side surface.

The technical result of the invention lies in the fact that it allows you to create a universal design TPK for missiles with a mortar launch, which provides the possibility of operating TPK in the composition:

- vertical (including “passing” the starting load on the ship’s foundation) and inclined ship launchers,

- self-propelled launchers with preservation of traditional technology for SPU horizontal loading and unloading of TPK, transporting TPK in a horizontal position and translating TPK into a vertical position with the bottom of the container resting on the surface of the launch pad.

The specified technical result was achieved due to the corresponding execution of the nodes of the mechanical interface of the TPK with PU, as well as the retrofitting of the TPK with new elements of mechanical and electrical coupling with the SPU.

The main design case of loading the TPK design of missiles with a mortar launch is the launch of the rocket, coupled with the action of powerful longitudinal forces from the actuation of the rocket ejection device, including the reaction of the PU or ground power elements (if based on SPU) to the specified effect at the time after the launch load is removed.

The front bearing flange of the TPK ensures the transfer of the indicated forces to the ceiling structure of the ship’s rocket cellar in the case of using the TPK as part of vertical ship launchers made according to a similar launcher according to patent No. 2211432 (hereinafter ship launcher of the 1st type). Moreover, the proposed annular shape of the flange and the design of the element materializing the position of the TPK along the roll, in the form of a groove in the flange shelf, are due to the peculiarities of performing a precision exhibition with the "non-vertical" TPK loading scheme (see TPK functioning scheme).

If TPK is used as part of vertical shipboard launchers, providing for the transfer of the launcher mass and rocket launching forces to the ship’s foundation (hereinafter referred to as shipboard launcher of the 2nd type), the indicated forces are transmitted via the rear launcher frame of the launcher to the supporting launcher element (in launcher patent No. 2213925 - ring support, pos.19). Moreover, from the upward movement caused by the reaction of the design of the launcher to the indicated effect, TPKs can hold the nodes on its bottom interacting with the launchers of the launcher (in launchers of the patent No. 2213925, item 22).

In the case of using a TPK as part of inclined ship launchers (hereinafter referred to as ship launcher of the 3rd type), the indicated axial forces are also transmitted through the rear end frame of the TPK, which in this case is attached to the corresponding power element of the launcher (for more details, see the description of the device of the TPK and inclined ship PU).

In the case of using the TPK as part of the control system, the transfer of the starting forces is carried out by means of the starting support fastened to the TPK rear end frame, the power bottom of which is directly in contact with the surface of the launch pad. At the same time, the choice of the shape of the launch support housing, due to the desire to increase the contact area of the TPK with the surface of the launch pad, eliminates or limits the "drawdown" of the container into the ground in the case of launch from the ground with a small (up to 6-8 kg / cm ² ) bearing capacity.

With regard to other features of the operation of TPK on SPU, it is necessary to mention the following.

In relation to the case of TPK operation on SPU, made according to the structural layout scheme presented below, the TPK case construction units function as follows:

- the front bearing flange provides the transmission of axial forces acting in the direction of the SPU movement during transportation of the TPK, including forces arising in an emergency (for example, SPU collision with an obstacle), to the front stop of the SPU lifting boom;

- the starting support through the nodes designed to communicate with the SPU aggregates, provides the transmission of axial forces acting in the “against the motion” of the SPU, as well as when lifting and lowering the boom and when the TPK moves along the boom, to the rear lodgement of the lifting boom;

- the ring supports of the TPK case provide the transfer of transverse forces to the SPU lodges, while the TPK case is loaded similarly to the cases of rigging and transportation of the container on technological units from ground equipment, and if the load-bearing lifting belts available on the TPK are used as points, the application of these forces.

The execution of the electrical interface elements TPK and SPU in the form of an adapter cable with electrical connectors, one of which is docked with the bottom side connector TPK in the technical position, and the other is connected to the electrical equipment of the SPU when loading the TPK, which ensures the convenience of operation of the latter on the SPU. At the same time, the placement of the counterpart of the bottom side connector of the TPK and part of the adapter cable in the cavity of the launch support allows you to protect the connector structure from any mechanical loading at the launch of the rocket and to exclude the adverse environmental impact on it during operation on the SPU (dust, moisture, dirt).

Finally, the accuracy of the position of the base axes of the TPK relative to the PU axes of the considered types is ensured as follows:

- the accuracy of the position of the longitudinal axis of the TPK in the vertical and horizontal plane (that is, in pitch and heading) is determined by the ring supports of the TPK and tool holders PU,

- the accuracy of the position of the TPK around the longitudinal axis (roll) is determined by the interaction of the grooves in the shelf of the bearing flange of the TPK and the corresponding guide elements of the PU (SPU) (for more details see examples of the functioning of the TPK).

Figure 1 presents a General view of the TPK with the missile installed in it and docked with the starting support, Figure 2 is a front view of the TPK, Figure 3 is a rear view of the TPK (without the starting support).

Figure 4 shows the starting support TPK in partial section, figure 5 is assembled with SPU units.

In Fig.6 presents a General view of the inclined ship PU with installed TPK on it, Fig.7 shows a cross section of the contact zone of the TPK flange and the guide element of this PU.

On Fig and 9 presents a General view of the SPU with TPK in the stowed and starting position. Figure 10-13 shows the interaction of the bearing flange of the TPK and SPU nodes in the process of installing and fixing the TPK:

- in Fig.10 they are shown in the loading position (after installing the TPK on the SPU tool holders),

- Fig.12 - in the position of "release in the marching",

- in Fig.11 and 13 presents the cross section of the contact zone of the flange and the guide element SPU in the above positions.

TPK (1), designed for the operation and mortar launch of a rocket (2) with launchers of various types, has a cylindrical body (3) and a “blind” bottom (4). A rocket (2) is installed in the cavity of the TPK (1), behind which there is a powder pressure accumulator (not shown in the drawings).

The housing (3) TPK (1) is made of fiberglass, by winding a tape of material on the mandrel, and is equipped with end metal frames. On the bottom (4) of the TPK (1), a bottom side connector (5) is installed and nodes (6) are made for interaction with the captures of the shipboard launcher of the 2nd type.

An annular bearing flange (7) is attached to the front end frame of the housing (3), in the shelf of which a groove (8) is made, materializing the position of the TPK (1) along the roll. In the flange shelf (7), a series of holes are made for fasteners of the shipboard launcher of the 1st type. In the wall of the flange (7) immediately behind the groove (8), a longitudinal groove (9) is made "under the guide" of the front tool tray of the SPU, made according to the structural layout described below.

On the side surface of the housing (3) TPK (1) are made, for example, by applying additional layers of fiberglass with subsequent machining, two ring supports protruding beyond its outer diameter (10), in which threaded holes are made for installing eye bolts.

In the rear end frame of the housing (3) TPK (1), threaded holes (11) are made for the fasteners of the inclined ship PU or the starting support (12) of the TPK (1).

Starting support (12) is part of the TPK configuration (1), designed for operation as part of the control system, and is made in the form of a hollow cylinder-conical body with a base expanding downwards and a lively-shaped power bottom. Starting support (12) is attached to the rear end frame of the housing (3) TPK (1) by means of a bolted connection. On the side surface of the housing of the starting support (12), brackets (13) are mounted for communication with SPU units. In the cavity of the starting support (12), the counterpart of the onboard connector (5) of the TPK (1) with an adapter cable (14) is placed, which in turn ends with an electrical connector for connecting to the SPU electrical equipment (1). At the same time, a cut-out with a stuffing box is made in the lateral surface of the starting support (12) to withdraw the free end of the cable (14) from the cavity of the support.

TPK (1) is used as part of various types of launchers, as an example of which the possible structural and layout schemes of an inclined ship control and control system are described below, characterized by a "non-vertical" loading scheme using the roll-type orientation unit TPK (1) proposed in the claimed invention ( grooves (8)).

The inclined ship PU (15) is intended for installation on the deck of a surface ship and is made in the form of a truss structure consisting of a base (16) with a back stop and three lodgements (17) connected by rods.

An annular support (18) is mounted on the rear stop of the base (16), in which holes and pockets are made for installing bolts intended for longitudinal fixation of the TPK (1) on the control panel (15). An electrical connector (19) with a communication cable with the electrical equipment of the carrier ship is located in the stop cavity.

An bracket (20) is fixed at the end of the front lodgement (17), on the shelf of which a longitudinal guide (21) is mounted, intended for the exhibition of TPK (1) along the roll. The guide (21) is made in the form of a wedge with lateral surfaces expanding towards the end of the lodgement (17) and is installed in the vertical plane of symmetry of the lodges. Lodgements (17) are equipped with removable covers for unfastening the TPK (1) in the direction of the transverse axes of the PU (15).

SPU (22) is made on the basis of a car chassis and includes: a platform pivotally mounted on it with an arrow (23) and a hydraulic actuator (24), designed to raise and lower the boom.

On the front of the boom (23), a lodgement (25) is fixed for installing the TPK (1), two other (middle and rear) lodgements (26) are fastened together by longitudinal rods and mounted on the boom (23) with the possibility of movement along the latter.

A stop (27) is fixed on the front end of the lodgement (25), designed to limit the movement of the TPK (1) forward along the arrow (23), so that between the support surface (a) of the stop (27) and the front end of the lodgement (25) there is groove. The width of the specified groove (b) is approximately equal to the thickness of the flange flange (7) of the TPK (1), while the surface of the front end (c) of the lodgement (25) is made at an angle to the lower surface of the groove. A longitudinal guide (28) is mounted in the vertical plane of symmetry of the tool tray (25), which consists of two parts: a wedge on the landing surface of the tool tray (25), expanding towards the stop (27), and a parallelepiped mounted on the lower surface of the groove between the stop (27) ) and the lodgement.

The movement of lodges (26) along the boom (23) is carried out by a hydraulic actuator (29), the stock of which is mechanically connected with the rear lodgement. The rear lodgement (26) is also equipped with rods (30) designed to communicate with the brackets (13) of the starting support (12) of the TPK (1). Lodgements (26) are provided with removable covers for unfastening the TPK (1) on the boom (23) in the transverse directions.

TPK (1) as part of an inclined shipboard launcher (15) is operated as follows:

TPK (1) with a rocket (2) by means of a traverse from the composition of ground equipment and eyebolts installed in the supports (10), is loaded on the launcher (15). TPK (1) in the “groove (8) - down” position is installed by the wall of the flange (7) and supports (10) on the lodgements (17) so that the rear end of the body (3) TPK is at a distance of ~ 100 ÷ 120 mm to ring support (18) PU (15), while the groove (8) in the flange flange (7) engages with the narrow part of the wedge of the guide (21) of the bracket (20).

Then, by means of the adaptation from the technological equipment PU (15) TPK (1) is “pulled” to the rear stop of the base (16), while the groove (8) in the flange shelf (7), interacting with one of the side surfaces of the guide (21), “Rolls” the TPK along the roll, thereby compensating for the angular errors of its installation in the lodgements (17). As a result, the threaded holes (11) in the rear end frame of the TPK (1) are combined with the holes in the ring support (18) of the control unit (15). After that, the mounting bolts of the TPK (1) to the ring support (18) are installed, the housing (3) of the TPK is freed from the slings of the beam and the eyebolts. Then, lodgement covers (17) are installed and the bottom side connector (5) of the TPK (1) is docked with the ship’s electrical equipment connector (19). As a result, the TPK (1) is fixed on the launcher (15), and the rocket (2) after conducting electrical checks is ready for combat use.

TPK (1) as part of SPU (22) is operated as follows:

TPK (1) with a docked starting support (12) and an adapter cable (14) by means of a traverse from the ground equipment and eyebolts installed in the supports (10), is loaded on the SPU (22). TPK (1) in the “groove (8) - down” position is mounted with supports (10) on movable lodges (26) previously set along the length of the boom (23) so that the front end of the bearing flange (7) TPK is at a distance of ~ 100 ÷ 120 mm to the stop (27) of the tool tray (25). In this case, the groove (8) in the flange shelf (7) engages with the narrow part of the guide wedge (28). The brackets (13) of the starting support (12) are fastened to the rear lodgement (26) by means of rods (30), after which the body (3) of the TPK (1) is freed from the slings of the traverse and eye bolts.

On command from the electric equipment of the control system (22), the hydraulic actuator (29) drives the lodgements (26) and the TPK (1) installed on them into forward movement along the boom (23). When moving the TPK (1), the groove (8) in the flange flange (7), interacting with the “wedge” part of the guide (28), “rolls” the container along the roll, thereby accurately exhibiting the TPK (1) along the roll relative to the boom (23) )

As a result of further movement of the TPK (1), the flange shelf (7) “descends” along the inclined surface (c) into the groove between the stop (27) and the tool tray (25), and the groove (8) engages with the guide fragment (28) on the bottom surface of the groove. In this case, the wall of the flange (7) “lies” on the seat of the tool tray (25), as for the “wedge” part of the guide (28), in this position it occupies the groove cavity (9) in the wall of the flange (7) (see Fig. 12 and 13).

At the moment the front end of the flange (7) makes contact with the support surface (a) of the stop (27), the corresponding limit switch is triggered, by the signal of which the hydraulic actuator (29) is stopped and “locked” in this position, thereby longitudinally locking the TPK (1) on boom (23). The installation and fixing operations of the TPK (1) on the control system (22) are completed by the installation of lodgement covers (26), after which the adapter cable connector (14) is docked with the control system electrical equipment (22) and the necessary electrical checks are carried out. After these operations are completed, SPU (22) is ready to march to the deployment area.

Upon receipt of the command for combat use, the SPU (22) stops, the fire control system of the SPU conducts prelaunch preparation of the rocket (2), after which the SPU (22) is transferred to the starting position:

- the hydraulic actuator (24) translates the boom (23) from the TPK (1) into a vertical position;

- the hydraulic actuator (29) causes the TPK (1) to move down the boom (23), while the flange shelf (7) moves away from the surface (a) of the stop (27) and goes along the inclined surface (c) to the surface of the lodgement (25) and the groove (8) of the flange (7) is engaged with the “wedge” part of the guide (28);

- TPK (1) moves down the arrow until the bottom of the starting support (12) contacts the underlying soil surface, after which the hydraulic actuator (29) is transferred to the “with a free rod” state, thereby removing the longitudinal mechanical connection between TPK (1) and SPU ( 22).

At the command of the fire control system SPU (22), a powder pressure accumulator is activated, as a result of which the rocket (2) is ejected from the TPK (1), and the reactive force acting thereby is transmitted to the surface of the launch pad by means of the launch support (12).

After the launch of the rocket (2) (or in case of its cancellation) SPU (22) is transferred to its original position:

- the hydraulic actuator (29) moves the empty (or equipped) TPK (1) up the boom (23) and stops in the position when the front end of the flange (7) TPK is at a distance of ~ 100 ÷ 120 mm to the stop (27);

- the boom (23) by means of a hydraulic actuator (24) is moved to a horizontal position;

- the re-engaged hydraulic actuator (29) moves the TPK (1) forward along the boom (23) until the front end of the flange (7) contacts the abutment surface (a) of the stop (27), while the flange shelf lowers into the groove between the stop (27) and lodgement (25), ensuring that the wall of the flange (7) is supported on the seat of the lodgement, and the groove (8) engages with a fragment of the guide (28) on the lower surface of the groove. As a result, TPK (1) is fastened to SPU (22) “in the same way”.

Thus, due to the design features of the TPK rocket, it is provided:

- expanding the scope of the TPK, in terms of the possibility of placement and operation on ship launchers of various types (inclined and vertical, including “passing” launch loads on the ship’s foundation), as well as as part of ground-based self-propelled launchers;

- unification of the TPK as applied to sea and land carriers (with the exception of easily removable aggregates of the TPK assembly intended for SPU).

As shown by technical and economic assessments, due to the refusal to develop a specialized “under the conditions” ground launch of the TPK, coupled with the re-development of the launch of the rocket, the cost of linking the rocket to a new type of carrier is reduced. At the same time, by increasing the serialization of production of standardized TPKs, their manufacture is reduced in cost, and later on, operation as part of sea-based and land-based complexes.

Claims (3)

1. A transport and launch container containing a housing in which a rocket is mounted and a device for its forced ejection is placed, an electrical connector is installed on the bottom, and a carrier flange is mounted on the front end of the housing, in the shelf of which holes for fasteners of the carrier launcher are made, characterized by the fact that the bearing flange has an annular shape and a groove is made in its shelf that determines the position of the transport launch container along the roll, while the container is on the side surface of the housing holds at least two annular supports, projecting beyond the outer diameter of the housing, and rear end frames are provided with holes for the installation of fasteners launcher carrier or start support transport and launch container provided with mechanical coupling nodes with a launcher carrier. 2. Transport and launch container according to claim 1, characterized in that on the bottom of the container body there are nodes for interacting with the grips of the carrier launcher. 3. The transport and launch container according to claim 1, characterized in that the launch support is made in the form of a hollow cylindrical-shaped body with an expanding base and a power bottom, while in the launch support there is a mating part of the electrical connector of the transport and launch container with an adapter cable leading out from its cavity through an opening in the lateral surface.

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