RU2350568C2 - Diaphragmless cell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry; electricity.

SUBSTANCE: diaphragmless cell is designed as metal cathode tube with perforated bottom. Cathode tube above its perforated section contains threaded-opened hole dielectric linear bushing closely fitting to internal surface of metal cathode tube with metal plain anode rod fixed in dielectric bushing with threaded screw portion partially goes outside the dielectric bushing. The working part of anode rod within perforated part of cathode tube is coated with platinum layer. Inert dielectric layers covers internal surface of cathode from its end face to the dielectric bushing, as well as and perforation hole surfaces. Inside of cathode tube over the dielectric bushing, there is galvanic cell battery with its positive terminal adjoining with its lower end the end threading of anode rod, and metal compression spring adjoining with its lower end the negative terminal of galvanic cell battery. Cathode tube is closed from above with a metal cover with upper end of compression spring resting on its bottom.

EFFECT: cell downsizing to pocket device supplied from independent voltage source.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to applied electrochemistry and can be used as a domestic autonomous electrolyzer to obtain an antioxidant liquid from water, which stimulates and normalizes processes in various biological objects.

Known household diaphragm electrolyzer for producing catholyte ("living" water) and anolyte ("dead" water) containing a waterproof vessel-vessel (glass jar), rectangular anode and cathode electrodes made of stainless steel (related to unfavorable conductive material) and mounted on the dielectric cover of the vessel body, a rectifier semiconductor diode mounted on the dielectric cover and connected by a cathode to the anode electrode, a waterproof canvas bag placed in an opus vessel, in which the anode electrode is placed, and a two-wire power cord, the first end of the first wire of which is connected to the anode of the diode, the first end of the second wire is connected to the cathode electrode, and the second ends of which end with a plug connected to an alternating network voltage 220 V [1].

The disadvantage of this electrolyzer is that cations (positive ions) torn off by the electric field from the surface of the anode electrode due to convection fluid flows created by electrochemical processes on the surface of the anode electrode quickly reach the inner surface of the bag in less than a minute, pass through its pores and enter cathode chamber surrounding the pouch. The catholyte is contaminated with metal ions that make up stainless steel, in particular nickel ions. To use such a catholyte inside the body is unsafe for human health.

Closest to the claimed device is a non-diaphragm electrolyzer for producing catholyte and anolyte from water, containing a glass vessel, a dielectric cover of the vessel, in which are mounted flat electrodes, the surface of which is covered with platinum, and a power source, the terminals of which are connected to the electrodes with an electric cord [2 ]. The prototype electrolyzer is serially produced by the Russian company Regnatis and is called the EDO-4 Body Electrochemical Detoxification Apparatus. The device is intended for the production of medicinal solutions of sodium hypochlorite - preparations of detoxifying, bactericidal, antiviral and antifungal effects used intravenously, inside the body cavities and externally. Sodium hypochlorite solutions are obtained from physiological NaCl solution. The device is powered by an AC voltage of 220 V. The EDO-4 device can also be used to produce antioxidant fluids from water. Electrodes coated with platinum provide a long service life of the device due to low corrosion of the electrodes (anodes whose surface is covered with platinum are low-wear). A small amount of platinum cations in the finished product does no harm. The prototype device is designed to work in stationary medical institutions. Its disadvantages are large dimensions, high cost (more than 100 thousand rubles) and binding to a voltage network of 220 V.

The task to which the proposed solution is directed is to create a cheap, small-sized, autonomous, diaphragm-free electrolyzer to produce an antioxidant fluid that stimulates and normalizes processes in biological objects in water.

This is achieved by the fact that a cylindrical dielectric sleeve with an internal threaded hole, a metal cover with an inner cylindrical hole, are additionally introduced into a diaphragmless electrolyzer containing a vessel, an anode whose working surface is made of platinum, a cathode and a constant voltage source, the terminals of which are connected to the anode and cathode deepening and external or internal thread made on its lower part, and a metal compression spring, the cathode is made in the form of a metal tube, the first, lower, Its core is perforated, and the thread corresponding to the thread of the metal cover is made inside or outside the second, upper, end, the outer diameter of the sleeve is equal to the inner diameter of the metal tube, the anode is made in the form of a cylindrical rod, the diameter of which is from 0.2 to 0.4 the inner diameter of the metal tube, and at its first, upper end, the length of which exceeds the thickness of the sleeve, a thread is made corresponding to the thread in the hole of the sleeve, the cylindrical rod is screwed into the sleeve by the first end about the end of its threaded part, the sleeve with the cylindrical rod screwed into it is pressed into the metal tube so that the working part of the cylindrical rod ending in the second, lower end is placed in the perforated part of the metal tube, and the sleeve is above the perforated part on the inner surface layers of an inert dielectric are deposited on the surface of the first end of the tube from its end to the dielectric sleeve and on the surface of the perforation holes, p is used as a constant voltage source a battery of round galvanic cells placed in the upper part of the metal tube connected in series, the lower galvanic cell is connected to the end surface of the threaded end of the cylindrical rod protruding above the sleeve, and the upper galvanic cell is connected to the end of the first end of the compression spring inserted into the a metal tube after the introduction of galvanic cells into it, while the second end of the spring rests on the bottom of the cylindrical recesses of the metal cover, fixed by means of a threaded connection at the second end of the metal tube.

The design of the proposed diaphragmless electrolyzer (without vessel) is shown in the drawing. As a vessel, glass glasses, cans and mugs, porcelain glasses and mugs and other vessels made of a neutral substance with a volume of 150-500 ml can be used.

The drawing indicates: 1 - metal cathode tube (cathode); 2 - a metal cylindrical anode rod (anode), the working surface of which is covered with a layer of platinum; 3 - cylindrical dielectric sleeve; 4 - holes (one of several) of the cathode tube 1; 5 - a layer of inert dielectric deposited on the inner surface of the cathode tube; 6 - a layer of inert dielectric deposited on the surface of the hole; 7 - galvanic cells; 8 - metal compression spring; 9 - a metal cover.

The electrolyzer can use 2-4 galvanic cells, each with an emf of 1.5 V.

Obtaining an antioxidant fluid is as follows. In a vessel, for example in a glass cup, raw or cooled boiled water is poured in a volume of 70-85% of the volume of the vessel. The electrolyzer is taken by the upper part, lowered into the vessel with water with the lower perforated part and left in the vessel with water for 5-15 minutes (with the number of galvanic cells from four to two). Then the cell is removed from the vessel. Its lower part is rinsed with clean water, the remaining water is shaken from the electrolyzer and dried in air.

The liquid obtained in the process of water electrolysis is an antioxidant liquid, in which the value of the redox potential Eh is shifted to the negative region relative to the initial value Eh of water by 400-500 mV. At the same time, the pH value during the treatment of water changes slightly. In addition, such an antioxidant liquid during relaxation (after its preparation) generates ultra-low-frequency electric and acoustic flicker-noise vibrations within a few hours, similar to vibrations that occur in the membranes of biological objects.

A feature of the proposed electrolyzer is that in it the inner surface of the cathode tube does not participate in the electrolysis process. This essentially leads to the formation of the anode and cathode chambers, the first of which is located inside the perforated part of the tube, and the second from the outside (limited by the inner surface of the vessel). If a dielectric film were not applied to the inner surface of the tube, the electrochemical processes would take place mainly inside the tube, and the finished product would have worse parameters. The values of Eh would be shifted to the region of negative values relative to the initial value of Eh of water by a smaller amount (only 200-300 mV). The parameters of the antioxidant fluid obtained in the inventive device are close to the parameters of a mixture of catholyte and anolyte obtained in diaphragm electrolyzers [3].

During the operation of known electrolyzers, solid deposits of salts are formed on the surface of the cathodes, which are periodically removed. In the proposed design of the electrolyzer, the removal of cathode salts does not cause difficulties, since the working surface of the cathode is located on the outer surface of the tube.

In recent years, on the basis of nanotechnology, galvanic cells with capacities 1000 times or more exceeding capacities of traditional galvanic cells have been developed (capacities of galvanic cells are measured in A · h). When using such elements, the proposed electrolyzer will work without changing the power source for several years.

A model of the proposed device was made on the basis of a metal tube having an inner diameter of 20 mm. The length of the device was 200 mm. The device used three galvanic cells R10P-SP2K with a length of 37 mm and a diameter of 19 mm. The electrolysis of tap water was carried out, having a pH of 7.2 and Eh = + 245 mV (Eh values were measured using silver chloride and platinum electrodes). Water was poured into a faceted glass to a cylindrical edge. Then the electrolyzer was lowered into it with a perforated end. After 10 min, the finished product parameters were pH 7.4, Eh = -250 mV.

Information sources

1. Treatment of "living" and "dead" water. - St. Petersburg: Lenizdat, Leningrad, 2005. - 320 p. [p. 91-92].

2. The apparatus of electrochemical detoxification of the body EDO-4. Manufacturing country: Russia, Manufacturing company: Regnatis // http: medprom.ru/medprom/mpp 0002422 - prototype.

3. A.S. USSR No. 1574196, Cl. A01N 59/00. Claim 04/01/86. Publ. 06/30/90. Bull. Number 24.

Claims (1)

A diaphragmless electrolyzer containing an anode whose working surface is made of platinum, a cathode and a constant voltage source, the terminals of which are connected to the anode and cathode, characterized in that it includes an additional cylindrical dielectric sleeve with an internal threaded hole, a metal cover with an internal cylindrical recess and an external or internal thread made on its lower part, and a metal compression spring, the cathode is made in the form of a metal tube, the first - lower - the end of which is perforated, and inside or outside of the second - upper end - a thread is made corresponding to the thread of the metal cover, the outer diameter of the sleeve is equal to the inner diameter of the metal tube, the anode is made in the form of a cylindrical rod, the diameter of which is from 0.2 to 0.4 from the inner diameter of the metal tube, and at its first - upper - end, the length of which exceeds the thickness of the sleeve, a thread is made corresponding to the thread in the hole of the sleeve, the cylindrical rod is screwed into the sleeve with the first To the end of its threaded part, the sleeve with the cylindrical rod screwed into it is pressed into the metal tube so that the working part of the cylindrical rod ending in the second - lower end is placed in the perforated part of the metal tube, and the sleeve is higher on the inner perforated part the surface of the first end of the tube from its end to the dielectric sleeve and on the surface of the perforation holes deposited inert dielectric layers, as a constant voltage source using a battery of round galvanic cells placed in the upper part of the non-metallic tube is connected in series, the lower galvanic cell is connected to the end surface of the threaded end of the cylindrical rod protruding above the sleeve, and the upper galvanic cell is connected to the end of the first end of the compression spring inserted into the metal pipe after the introduction of galvanic cells into it, while the second end of the spring rests in the bottom of the cylinder deepening of the metal cover fixed by means of a threaded connection at the second end of the metal tube.