RU2350548C1 - Installation method of long structures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry.

SUBSTANCE: installation method of long structures with the aid of airborne vehicle includes step-by-step connection of mounted long structure sections to the external load system of the airborne vehicle, their transportation to the installation site and long structure mounting via sections installation on each other. The section connected with airborne vehicle has guide cables attached to it. Upper and lower mating flanges with mounting holes are installed on each section on the upper and lower end correspondingly. Upper mating flanges are made with rigid cone catches of accurate setting, and lower flanges - with inlet channels. Before lifting the guide, cables are attached to the mounting holes of lower flanges. During airborne vehicle hanging, for instance, helicopter, guide cables are put through mounting holes of upper flanges of earlier installed section. When the airborne vehicle goes down, guide cables are pulled from below with force corresponding section mass before aligning of inlet channels of lower flanges of section being mounted with rigid cone catches of accurate setting of upper flanges of earlier installed section.

EFFECT: increase of accuracy and safety of sections installation.

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Description

The invention relates to the construction, in particular to equipment for sectional installation of tower, mast, tubular high-rise structures.

A known method of mounting long structures, carried out using a helicopter (see, for example, the experience of using a helicopter in construction and installation works, Moscow, TsBNTI Minmontazhspetsstroy USSR, 1971).

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of its implementation, due to the need to use manual labor when turning and aiming sections of the structure.

There is also known a method consisting in the fact that sections of long structures are sequentially lifted using a helicopter and placed above the installation site, and then, with the help of winches, the mounted structure is precisely positioned above the installation site and thus installed vertically on top of each other and interconnected mounted lengthy designs (see copyright certificate SU No. 499221, class B66F 19/00, 01/15/1976).

The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of the installation of the sections, due to the fluctuations of the sections suspended by a cable from the helicopter while reducing its height and lowering the sections. In addition, the installation of sections in the same way as in the first method, requires the use of manual labor necessary to aim the installed section.

Closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of mounting long structures using an aircraft, including sequentially hooking sections of a mounted long structure to the external suspension of the aircraft, transporting them to the installation site of a long structure, and mounting the long structure by installing sections on top of each other with subsequent fixation of the sections in the design position, while securing to the section attached to the aircraft guiding cables (see copyright certificate SU No. 623824, class B66F 11/02, 09/15/1978).

When the helicopter hangs, the lower ends of the cables passed on the ground through the mounted section are attached to the previously installed section. While lowering the helicopter with the section, the traverse is pulled by the winch on board the helicopter with the purpose of tensioning the guide cables until the section is in the design position.

The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of displacement of the helicopter with the section from the mounting vertical, as a result, the appearance of significant horizontal loads on the mounted structure and the helicopter, which complicates its piloting. These loads, applied in the area of the upper flanges of the previously mounted section, create a significant and little controlled tipping moment on the structure.

The tension of the guide cables throughout the installation period of the section connects the helicopter, the mounted section and the structure into a complex, poorly controlled dynamic system, where the human factor becomes crucial.

In addition, in the event of an emergency, it is not possible to quickly unhook the guide cables.

At any tension, the cables have lateral compliance, which will not provide normative accuracy when installing sections; the lowering speed of the helicopter and the lifting speed of the yoke with the onboard winch cannot be synchronized, and therefore the tension of the guide cables will be variable.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is the elimination of horizontal loads on the connecting elements of the connected long structures during installation.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention is to increase the accuracy and safety of the installation of sections.

This problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method of mounting long structures using an aircraft includes sequentially hooking sections of a mounted long structure to the external suspension of the aircraft, transporting them to the installation site of a long structure, and mounting the long structure by installing sections on each other each other with subsequent fixation of the sections in the design position, while on the sections attached to the aircraft sections are fixed at the same time, the upper and lower connecting flanges with mounting holes are mounted on each section from the upper and lower ends, respectively, with the upper connecting flanges being made with rigid cone-shaped precision catchers, and the lower flanges with receiving channels, the guiding cables are fixed before lifting each section by an aircraft in the mounting holes of the lower flanges, during mounting hovering of an aircraft, such as a helicopter, the guide cables pass through the mounting e holes of the upper flanges of the previously mounted section, while lowering the aircraft, pull the guiding cables from below, with a force corresponding to the mass of the section, until the receiving channels of the lower flanges of the mounted section are combined with rigid cone-shaped catchers for precise aiming of the upper flanges of the previously mounted section, and then using the latter the mounted section is fixed in the design position relative to the previously mounted section.

In the course of the research it was revealed that it is possible to carry out the installation of long structures without directing the sections exactly to the design position directly by the installers. This mounting method can be used for helicopter mounting. However, unlike crane installation, the installation of long structures is characterized by a short installation cycle, which is associated with a limitation of the time the helicopter hangs above the installation site and relatively large external dynamic loads (vibrations and lowering speed) when installing sections. Carrying out installation using a helicopter and sections on which the upper and lower docking flanges are made with mounting holes, the upper docking flanges are made with rigid cone-shaped precision-catching catchers, the lower flanges are with receiving channels, and guide cables are passed through the mounting holes, allowing almost completely compensate for the effect of dynamic loads and precisely install sections on top of each other, as well as reduce the time required to install sections, and thereby increase safety nce installation.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows the sequence of installation of the section using a helicopter, and figure 2 shows the connecting flanges of the connected sections in the process of mounting one section to another.

Section 1 of a lengthy mounted structure is suspended on cables 2 to an aircraft 3, for example a helicopter, for its transportation to the place of installation and installation on another previously installed section 4. On the attached section 3 to the aircraft 3, guide cables 5 are fixed. On each mounted section 1 and 4 mount the upper 7 and lower 6 docking flanges. The lower connecting flanges 6 are made with receiving channels (not shown in the drawing), and the upper flanges 7 are made with rigid cone-shaped precision-guided catchers 8. In the lower flanges 6, holes 9 are made for passing guide cables 5 through them.

The method is carried out on the example of the installation of mast-tower structures as follows.

In the preparation of each section 1 on the ground on each section 1, the upper 7 and lower 6 docking flanges are mounted. On the lower connecting flanges 6 of each section 1, guide cables 5 are fixed, which are passed through an opening 9 made in each lower connecting flange 6. A clip 10 is installed on the upper part of each guide cable 5 with a tightening, which ensures its release by the installer. The mounted sections 1 of the long structure are sequentially hooked up to the external suspension of the aircraft 3 and last transported to the installation site of the long structure, where the transported section 1 is installed on another previously installed section 4 and then sections 1 and 4 are fixed relative to each other in the design position.

During the assembly hovering of the aircraft 3, the guide cables 5 pass through the mounting holes 9 of the upper flanges 7 of the previously mounted section 4. During the lowering of the aircraft 3, the guide cables 5 are pulled from the ground with an effort corresponding to the mass of section 1 until the receiving channels of the lower flanges are aligned 6 of the mounted section 1 with rigid cone-shaped catchers 8 for precise aiming of the upper flanges 7 of the previously mounted section 4, after which, with the help of the lower and upper flanges 6 and 7, the mounted section 1 is fixed in design position relative to the previously mounted section 4.

In the event of an emergency (emergency) situation, if it is necessary to return section 1 to the assembly range, the aircraft 3 (helicopter) raises section 1 together with the guide cables 5, and in case of jamming, removes the guide cables 5, leaving them on the mounted section 4.

The method was developed in the process of flight testing at NPO Vzlet for the development of technology for installing towers with a height of 70-90 m of mobile communication. The mass of sections is up to 4.5 tons. The Mi-8MTV helicopter crane was involved in the tests.

The present invention can be used in the construction of long products regardless of their purpose, in particular when installing mobile communication repeaters, transmission line towers, television towers and other long structures.

Claims (1)

A method of mounting lengthy structures using an aircraft, including sequentially hooking up sections of a mounted lengthy structure to the external suspension of the aircraft, transporting them to the installation site of the lengthy structure, and mounting the lengthy structure by installing the sections on top of each other and then securing the sections in the design position, while guided cables fixed to the aircraft section, characterized in that each section is mounted on the upper side o and the lower ends, respectively, the upper and lower docking flanges with mounting holes, and the upper docking flanges are made with rigid cone-shaped precision-catching catchers, and the lower flanges are with receiving channels, the guiding cables are fixed before each section is lifted by the aircraft in the mounting holes of the lower flanges , during mounting hovering of an aircraft, such as a helicopter, the guide cables pass through the mounting holes of the upper flanges of the previously mounted section, while The lowering of the aircraft pulls the guiding cables from below with a force corresponding to the mass of the section until the receiving channels of the lower flanges of the mounted section are combined with rigid cone-shaped catchers for precise aiming of the upper flanges of the previously mounted section, after which the mounted section is fixed in the design position relative to the previously mounted section.

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