RU2350458C1 - Device to produce flat end surfaces of soft-steel workpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics, tools.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device comprises combination mill with cutters and dressers, workpiece clamping cartridges and cartridge holder. The said cartridges feature surface clamp workpieces staggered thereon with their centre-to-centre distance smaller than that between the combination mill cutters and dressers. The holder plane is perpendicular to that of the mill.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reduced time required for workpiece clamping and withdrawing.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal processing by cutting and plastic deformation of the surface layer of the flat end face of blanks of parts made of mild steel or non-ferrous metals.

A known method of combined processing by cutting and smoothing the flat end surfaces of mild steel workpieces. For its implementation, various device designs have been proposed, including with a milling cutter containing a cutter and a spring-loaded smoother / 1 /.

A disadvantage of the known device for processing flat ends of mild steel preforms is low productivity, provided that high requirements for flatness and surface roughness of the flat end of the part are ensured, as well as large losses of time for installing and removing the processed workpieces.

The objective of the invention is to increase the processing performance of the flat ends of the workpieces on the milling machine, provided that high demands are made on the flatness and surface roughness of the flat end of the part, as well as reducing the time required to install and remove the blanks.

The problem is solved using the proposed device for processing flat ends of workpieces from mild steels, containing a combined cutter with cutters and smoothers, cassettes for securing the workpieces and the holder of the cassettes, and the cassettes have a plane made with the possibility of fixing the workpieces in a checkerboard pattern at a distance between the axes of the latter, less than the distance between the cutters and the smoothers of the combined mill, and the holder is made with a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mill, on which replays the tape.

The design of the device used on the milling machine is shown in Fig. 1 is a front view, in Fig. 2 is a sectional view along AA, in Fig. 3 is a view of the toolpaths along the end face of the workpiece.

The device contains a combined mill 1 with cutters 2, smoothers 3 and screws 4. On the table 5 of the machine is bolted with nuts 6 a special holder 7 made in the form of a square. To the plane of the holder, perpendicular to the axis of the cutter, they are fastened with the help of a strap 8, a clamping handle 9, a pin 10 and clamps 11 of the cartridge 12 with blanks screwed into them in staggered rows in two rows 13. The springs 14 are designed to lift the clamps 11 when unscrewing the lambs.

The staggered arrangement of blanks on the cartridge with a distance l ₃ between their axes, less than the distance l _and between the axes of the tools, allows for compact installation of blanks on the plane of the cartridge. In addition to the above, this avoids the participation of two tools simultaneously in the processing of the plane of one workpiece. Four rows of blanks can be installed on the cassette if their diameter is four times smaller than the diameter of the cutter along the tops of the cutters.

The number of cassettes used in the processing of workpieces depends on their length, the length of the machine table and the size of its stroke. The length of the cartridge depends on the number of blanks fixed on the cartridge. The cassette should not be large in mass so as not to complicate its removal and installation on the holder, as well as the replacement of processed blanks with unprocessed ones produced outside the machine to reduce downtime.

The direction of rotation of the cutter and the supply of blanks, shown by arrows in figure 1, contributes to the clamping of the cassettes and holder to the table during processing of the blanks.

The axial position of the cutters and cutter smoothers is adjusted by screws 4 with loose nuts on them. In this case, it is necessary to fix the cassette on the holder without blanks and set the cutters in one plane on its outer surface, and then, placing a 0.1 mm thick probe under them (recommended / 1 / when processing soft materials), put the smoothers all the way into the cassette plane . Then lock the locknuts on the screws 4.

To replace the cartridge, turn the handle 9 several turns clockwise. In this case, the clamp 11 is lifted by the springs 14, freeing the cassette 12 from attachment to the holder. After installing the cassette with raw blanks, the handle is turned in the opposite direction.

The trajectories of the tools along the end face of the workpiece are different. Fig. 3a shows the traces of the end processing when the workpiece passes the first half of the cutter diameter, Fig. 3b shows the second half, Fig. 3b shows the final processing traces in a significantly enlarged form, since the recommended supply of the workpiece to one cutter is not more than 0.1 mm Considering the relaxation of the surface layer of the end material initially deformed by the smoothers and the longer overhang of the smoothers, the repeated transverse passage of tools over the treated surface is the final smoothing operation.

The minimum number of tools on the combined milling cutter can be equal to two - one cutter and one smoother, but the feed quantity of the workpieces is small. Its increase can be achieved by using several cutters and one or more smoothers on the mill. However, this requires accurate installation at different distances from the axis of the cutter within the limits of increasing the supply of workpieces, which complicates the design of the cutter.

The rigidity of the device design, which allows to obtain high quality flat end parts, is provided by:

- reliable fastening of cassettes with a small overhang to the plane of the holder perpendicular to the axis of the cutter;

- reliable fastening and small overhang of cutters and smoothers from the mill body;

- clamping the cassettes and holder to the machine table with cutting force.

Increased productivity in the processing of flat ends of mild steel blanks is provided by:

- compact placement of blanks in a checkerboard pattern in several rows on the plane of the cassettes;

- applications for machining the ends of blanks of a combined cutter with cutters and smoothers;

- easy installation, removal and mounting of cassettes on the holder.

Information sources:

1. Odintsov L.G. Hardening and finishing of parts by surface plastic deformation. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1987 .-- 327 p.

Claims (1)

A device for processing flat ends of billets from mild steels, containing a combined cutter with cutters and smoothers, cassettes for fixing the billets and the holder of the cassettes, characterized in that the cassettes have a plane made with the possibility of fixing the blanks in a checkerboard pattern at a distance between the axes of the latter, less than the distance between the cutters and the smoothing tools of the combined cutter, and the holder is made with the plane perpendicular to the cutter axis on which the cartridges are fixed.

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