RU2348024C2 - Test-stand to analyse characteristics of devices exciting vibration oscillations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, tests.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to test equipment and can be used for producing test-stands designed to measure amplitude-frequency characteristics of the devices exciting vibration oscillations. The proposed device consists of a vibrator comprising a casing with two unbalanced masses on shafts. The said casing is spring-loaded by power and additional springs resting upon the posts. The casing is in contact with the base arranged on the plate over a spherical surface. The power sprigs are arranged in the plane of symmetry of unbalanced masses, while the additional springs are fitted in pairs in symmetry with the plane of symmetry of unbalanced masses. To measure the vibrator amplitude-frequency characteristics, displacement pick-ups are located at the casing corners in pairs and in symmetry relative to the plane of symmetry of unbalanced masses.

EFFECT: higher accuracy of measurements.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of testing equipment, in particular to stands for determining the amplitude-frequency characteristics of vibration devices.

The working body of a tamping machine is known, comprising a frame mounted on it, arranged in pairs opposite to the casing, in which are mounted rotatably around its axis of the hammer, the mechanism for exciting plane-parallel vibrations associated with the bodies, and mechanisms for exciting torsional vibrations associated with the hammer. Moreover, each torsional vibration excitation mechanism consists of a controlled hydraulic cylinder, a rod and a lever pivotally mounted on the frame of the lever, and the lever through the controlled hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pinhole, and through the rod, which is pivotally mounted on it, with the opposite pinch body [1].

The disadvantage of this working body is the impossibility of checking the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the excitation mechanism of plane-parallel vibrations.

A known bench for testing the elements of the tamping block of a track machine, comprising a loading device mounted on the frame, a device for exciting vibrations of the treads and a device for turning them. At the same time, to increase the efficiency of the test bench by ensuring that the swivel joints of the lining are tested under conditions close to operational, the loading device consists of a load, a loading spring connected with the load, and elastic traction for articulating the load with the lower part of the lining, and the indicated vibration excitation devices the lining and the device for their rotation are mounted with the possibility of interaction with the tested lining in its corresponding articulated joints [2].

However, this stand allows you to evaluate only the reliability of the articulated joints of the mechanism, and not the deviation of its amplitude-frequency characteristics of the excitation of plane-parallel vibrations with inaccurate design and assembly.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a vibration stand with a two-shaft unbalanced pathogen [3, p.438, Fig. 12, b]. This vibration stand consists of a movable spring-loaded housing with two unbalances mounted on it on the shafts. The springs, resting in racks, provide movement of the housing in a horizontal plane.

Vibration excitation is carried out due to the rotation of unbalances in opposite directions and the same phases relative to the vertical axis.

The disadvantages of this vibrating stand are the inability to assess the deviations of its amplitude-frequency characteristics of the excitation of plane-parallel vibrations with inaccurate manufacturing of unbalances, when the planes of symmetry deviate from the center of mass of the system and the phase shift of the unbalances rotates during assembly.

The aim of the invention is to improve the manufacturing quality of the vibrator by measuring the amplitude-frequency characteristics of vibration excitation devices with inaccurate manufacturing of mass unbalances, when the planes of symmetry of the unbalances deviate from the center of mass of the system and when the rotation phases of the unbalances are rotated during assembly.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed stand, and figure 2 is a section along the line aa in figure 1.

The stand consists of a vibrator containing the housing 1, with two unbalances 2 installed on it on the shafts (FIG. 2). The housing 1 is spring-loaded with power 3 and additional springs 4, abutting against the posts 5.

New in the stand is that the housing 1 is in contact with the base 6, located on the plate 7, on a spherical surface 8. The power springs 3 are located in the symmetry plane of 9 unbalances 2, and the additional 4 are pairwise symmetrical with respect to the symmetry plane of 9 unbalances 2. For measurement amplitude-frequency characteristics of the vibrator in the corners of the housing 1 in pairs symmetrically relative to the plane of symmetry 9 of the unbalance 2 mounted displacement sensors 10.

The stand works as follows. When the unbalances 2 rotate in different directions (Fig. 2), a vibration force is created, which is perceived by the power springs 3.

If there is an inaccuracy in manufacturing unbalances 2 by weight in the horizontal plane of the vibrator, an alternating moment occurs, acting on the housing 1, and therefore on the springs 4. The housing 1 begins to swing along the spherical surface 8 relative to the base 6, causing an oscillatory process. The amplitude and frequency of this process are measured by sensors 10.

When shifting the phases of rotation of the unbalances 2 during assembly in the horizontal plane of the vibrator, a process occurs similar to that of the inaccuracy of manufacturing unbalances 2 by mass.

When the planes of symmetry 9 of the unbalance 2 are deflected relative to the center of mass of the system in the vertical plane of the vibrator passing through the center of mass perpendicular to the housing 1, an alternating moment occurs, acting on the housing 1, and therefore on the springs 4. The housing 1 begins to swing along the spherical surface 8 relative to base 6, causing an oscillatory process. The amplitude and frequency of this process are measured by sensors 10.

Knowing the stiffness of the springs 4 and the oscillation amplitudes in the above processes, the magnitudes of the arising force factors are determined, and according to them, structural elements are corrected for the size and accuracy of the vibrator assembly.

Thus, using the proposed stand for studying the characteristics of vibration excitation devices, an increase in the manufacturing quality of the vibrator is achieved.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR No. 1076511, M.Kl. ЕВВ 27/162, publ. 02/28/84, bull. No. 8.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1073599, M.C. G01M 19/00, publ. 02/15/84, bull. No. 6.

3. Vibration in technology: a reference. In 6 t. / Ed. Advice: V.N.Chelomei (previous). - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1981. - T.4. Vibration processes and machines / Ed. E.E. Lavendela. 1981. 509 p.

Claims (1)

A stand for studying the characteristics of vibration excitation devices, consisting of a vibrator containing a housing with two unbalances installed on it on the shafts and spring-loaded with power and additional springs resting on racks, characterized in that the housing contacts the base located on the plate on a spherical surface, power springs are located in the plane of symmetry of the unbalances, additional ones are pairwise symmetrical with respect to the plane of symmetry of the unbalances, and displacement sensors for measuring litudno-frequency characteristics of the vibrator mounted in the housing angles pairwise symmetrically relative to the plane of symmetry of the eccentric weight.

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