RU2347602C1 - Combined separator of three-phase mixes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed separator comprises the vessel furnished with the mix intake and separated phases discharge branch pipes, crosswise baffles with their upper edges not reaching the vessel walls and form the intake and heat exchange chambers, gravity separation chamber and the chambers of collecting light and heavy liquids. A louver nozzle is incorporated with the intake chamber to dampen out the kinetic power of incoming flow and to separate mechanical particles. A tube bank is fitted inside the heat exchange chamber to heat up the mix. The said tube bank features a horizontal arrangement of tubes wherein heat carrier flows. The gravity separation chamber inlet and outlet accommodate flange-like thin-layer blocks.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and quality of three-phase mix separation.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to chemical-technological equipment intended for the separation of heterogeneous liquid-gas and three-phase mixtures in the extraction and preparation of raw materials in the oil and gas industry, as well as in other industries for solving similar problems.

Known three-phase separator of combined design [1], containing a container with a mixture inlet pipe, a block of tubular thin-layer elements (coalescing filter cartridges), guide plates, a gas outlet pipe with a droplet eliminator, a flanged hole sheet, a heavy liquid outlet pipe, a light liquid outlet pipe .

Closest to the claimed invention is a device for separating mixtures with different densities [2], containing a container with nozzles for introducing the mixture and outputting the separated phases, equipped with vertical longitudinal partitions, which do not reach the walls of the container with their upper edges and form a receiving chamber, settling zone and a light phase collection chamber, the upper edge of the partition wall of the receiving chamber being located above the edge of the partition wall of the light phase collection chamber.

These devices do not fully meet the high requirements for the depth of separation of a three-phase mixture and the collection of its components without significant losses under conditions of a significant concentration of the dispersed phase, high gas saturation of the solution and the presence of a large amount of mechanical impurities and the required performance.

The invention solves the problem of increasing the productivity and quality of the separation of three-phase mixtures.

The problem is solved in that the combined separator of three-phase mixtures containing a container with nozzles for introducing the mixture and output of the separated phases, equipped with transverse partitions, the upper edges of which do not reach the walls of the vessel forming the receiving chamber, the collection chamber for heavy and light phases, according to the invention, the tank is equipped transverse partitions, which additionally form a heat exchange chamber in which a tube bundle with a horizontal transverse arrangement of pipes is located, and a gravitational chamber a line, at the input and output of which shelving thin-layer blocks are placed.

In the receiving chamber, due to the suppression of the kinetic energy of the incoming flow of the mixture, the gas is initially separated from the liquid as a result of the impact of the liquid-gas mixture (GHS) against an obstacle, in addition, it is cleaned of large particles of mechanical impurity and the flow velocities are equalized to absorb hydrodynamic disturbances in the liquid volume .

The mixture is heated in the heat exchange chamber, as a result of which its viscosity decreases, which contributes to the intensification of the separation process. Heating the mixture in a separate chamber allows increasing the heat transfer intensity, and also eliminates the temperature gradient in the gravitational separation chamber and the occurrence of thermogravitational convection in it, worsening the deposition conditions.

The gravitational separation chamber provides gravitational separation of the mixture with the formation of the interface. In its front part, a horizontal plate-thin-layer block is installed, which, as a result of highly efficient deposition of the heavy phase, reduces the possibility of bottom flows in the sludge zone and, in addition, acting as a mother liquor, evens out the velocity field of the mixture flow and its laminarization. At the exit from the gravitational separation chamber, a descending thin-layer block is installed. It is assembled from plates made of a material with a low-energy surface (heat- and chemical-resistant plastic, for example polypropylene). The installation of a thin-layer block at the outlet of the gravitational separation chamber improves the efficiency of the separator and ensures an organized exit of the heavy fluid from the chamber, which eliminates the occurrence of disturbances in its volume adjacent to the exit point. Two bottom partitions are installed on the bottom of the chamber, eliminating the occurrence of bottom currents.

The heavy fluid collection chamber encloses the inlet cavity of the heavy fluid outlet pipe, in which a stream flowing through the pipe is formed, which is associated with a change in the velocity field of the fluid flow in the volume adjacent to the pipe, causing disturbances.

The light fluid collection chamber is separated from the gravitational separation chamber by a partition, the upper edge of which is lower than the liquid level in the gravitational separation chamber by an estimated value. Light fluid flows through the overflow baffle to the collection chamber, from where it is discharged through the light fluid outlet pipe.

All cameras of the device are connected to the upper free cavity of the tank, which is a collection of exhaust gases. Exhaust gases exit through a drop eliminator to the gas outlet pipe.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a combined separator of three-phase mixtures; figure 2 - design of the louvered nozzle; figure 3 - layout of the tube bundle of the heat exchanger; figure 4 shows the structural element of the horizontal plate-thin block.

The combined separator of three-phase mixtures contains an inlet pipe 1, a receiving chamber 2, a branch 3, a louvre nozzle 4, a front partition 5, a heat exchange chamber 6, a middle partition 7, a rear partition 8, a cylindrical cover 9, a tube bundle 10, a leveling grid 11, a gravity chamber separation 12, a horizontal plate block 13, a cylindrical sump 14 with an expected phase boundary 15, an overflow baffle 16, a light phase collection chamber 17, an overflow bar 18, a downward thin layer block 19, a heavy collection chamber yellow phase 20 and bottom septa 21.

Combined separator three-phase mixtures works as follows. The three-phase mixture enters through the inlet pipe 1 into the receiving chamber 2 of the tank (see figure 1). Using the outlet 3, welded to the inlet pipe, the flow of the mixture is directed downward and passes through the louvered nozzles 4. The louvered nozzles are presented in figure 2. It is assembled from a series of cone-shaped rings mounted on a frame of four comb plates, rigidly connected to the outlet by means of a flange connection. Cone rings are located on the boundary of the initial section of the flooded stream, where the fluid velocity along the axis remains unchanged and equal to the initial flow rate [3]. Cone rings placed with a gap form an inertial grating of a louvre type. When the flow of the mixture meets the surface of the conical rings inclined to the flow axis at an angle of 45 °, heavy particles of mechanical impurity are reflected in the direction of the downward flow, and a lighter liquid with gas bubbles under the pressure of braking through the gaps between the rings rises up the receiving chamber . The fluid from the receiving chamber flows through the upper edge of the front partition 5 into the heat exchange chamber 6, which is the annular space of the built-in heat exchanger. The hydraulic resistance of the annular space is overcome by creating an increased liquid level in the receiving chamber, which is achieved due to the middle partition protruding above the liquid level 7. The annular space of the built-in heat exchanger is limited by the front and rear 8 partitions, the lower edges of which are hermetically connected to each other by a cylindrical cover 9. The middle partition does not reach its cylindrical cap with its lower edge and provides two-way movement of the mixture through the annulus the space under the action of a pressure differential arising at the inlet and outlet of the annulus. When moving, the mixture flows around the tube bundle 10 with a horizontal arrangement of pipes through which the hot coolant (GT) flows. The layout of the tube bundle of the heat exchanger is presented in figure 3. As a result of the heat exchange process, the mixture is heated. Heating the mixture leads to a change in its physicochemical characteristics, which positively affects the process of separation of the emulsion and contributes to gas separation at the outlet of the heat exchange chamber.

The heated degassed mixture through the leveling grating 11 enters the gravity separation chamber 12. In the front of this chamber, the mixture flows through a horizontal plate-thin-layer block 13, which, in addition to highly efficient deposition of the heavy phase, ensures laminarization of the mixture flow in the settling zone. The block is assembled from modules. Each module is a set of plates of stainless steel sheet of a certain length, which are placed in a frame of strip steel at an angle of 55 ° to the horizontal, at a calculated distance from each other in height. The plates are fixed in the framework using rods. The structural element of the horizontal plate-thin-layer block is shown in figure 4. After the plate-thin block, the mixture enters the horizontal cylindrical settler 14, where the emulsion phases are separated and a phase boundary 15 is formed between the concentrated light phase layer and the heavy phase with a small dispersed concentration of the light phase (intermediate layer). The light phase layer is drained through the overflow baffle 16 into the light fluid collection chamber 17. To ensure commissioning, the overflow baffle has an overflow bar 18 fixed to it by bolts. A heavy liquid flows in an organized manner through a descending thin-layer block 19, where additional separation of the dispersed phase takes place, into the collection chamber of heavy liquid 20. Solid particles of mechanical impurity, which have a high density, settle down and collect on the bottom. To exclude bottom currents in the zone of constrained deposition, bottom baffles 21 are installed.

The proposed combined separator of three-phase mixtures can significantly improve working conditions, and consequently, increase the efficiency of separators with coalescing filter cartridges, which are used for fairly clean flows with low gas flow. Thus, in order to achieve a high degree of separation of a three-phase mixture, it is recommended that the heavy liquid leaving the combined separator of three-phase mixtures be sent to a separator with coalescing filter cartridges.

Information sources

1. Milshtein L.M., Boyko S.I., Zaporozhets E.P. Oil and gas separation technology. Reference manual. M .: Nedra, 1992 .-- 236 p. (analogue).

2. Boyko S.I., Siebert G.K., Weaver N.G. etc. A device for separating mixtures with different densities. A.S. No. 1159588, BI No. 21, 1985 (prototype).

3. Idelchik I.E. Handbook of hydraulic resistance. M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1992 .-- 672 p.

Claims (1)

A combined separator of three-phase mixtures containing a container with nozzles for introducing the mixture and outputting the separated phases, equipped with transverse partitions, the upper edges of which do not reach the walls of the vessel forming the receiving chamber, the collection chamber for heavy and light phases, characterized in that the container is equipped with transverse partitions forming additionally a heat exchange chamber in which a tube bundle with a transverse horizontal arrangement of pipes is located, and a gravitational separation chamber, at the entrance and exit of which enes thin-shelf units.

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