RU2346436C1 - "almet-1" insectoacaricide composition for arachnid myasis treatment in animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; veterinary.

SUBSTANCE: composition consists of alphametrin, surface active compound, alcohol and solvent, chloracetophos, in certain ratio of components. Isopropyl alcohol is used as alcohol and neonole is used as surface active compound; mixed petroleum solvent for rubber industry with end point of 80-120°C or mixed petroleum solvent with end point of 50-170°C is used as solvent.

EFFECT: improved efficiency, versatility and reduced toxicity of composition.

2 cl, 3 tbl, 7 ex

Description

The present invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular veterinary medicine, and can be used to combat arthropods.

Known acaricidal composition, including alfamethrin, surfactant, alcohol and solvent (RF Patent No. 2070797, MKI A01N 25/02, BI No. 36, 1996). As a surfactant in a known composition, an aqueous solution of triethanolamine salts of alkyl sulfates of primary fatty alcohols of the C ₁₀ -C ₃ fraction sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid is used, ethyl alcohol is used, and acetone is used as a solvent.

However, this composition is toxic and not effective enough, and also cannot be used for a wide range of ectoparasites, in particular gnats, larvae of subcutaneous gadfly, fleas, lice, etc.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the efficiency and versatility of the composition, reducing its toxicity.

The technical result is achieved in the insect-acaricidal composition “Almet” for combating animal arachnoentomiasis, including alfamethrin, a surfactant, alcohol and a solvent, which additionally contains chloroacetophos, isopropyl alcohol as an alcohol, and neonol as a surfactant, with the following ratios of components, wt.%:

Alfamethrin 5-10 Chloracetophos 5-10 Neonol AF 9-10 20-40 Isopropyl alcohol 3-6 Solvent rest.

The technical result is achieved in the insecticide composition "Almet" to combat arachnoentomiasis of animals also by the fact that the solvent contains a mixed gasoline-oil solvent for the rubber industry with a boiling point of 80-120 ° C or a mixed gasoline-oil solvent with a boiling point of 50-170 ° C.

Chloracetophos (O, O-dimethylether-α-acetoxytrichloroethylphosphinic acid (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2052250, MKI ⁶ A01N 25/00, BI No. 2, 1996). The drug is used on cattle by watering to destroy larvae of the hypodermic gadfly / hypodermatosis /.

Neonol AF 9-10 (TU 2483-077-05766801-98). Oxyethylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers is a highly effective nonionic surfactant. It can be used to intensify oil production, in the textile, pulp and paper industry, as a means of protecting and regulating plant growth, as an active base for detergents.

Isopropyl alcohol is used as a solvent.

The solvent Nefras C ₂ -80/120 (GOST 443-76) or Nefras C-50/170 (GOST 443-76) is a mixed gasoline-oil solvent for the rubber industry with a boiling point of 80-120 ° С or a mixed gasoline-oil solvent with a boiling point of 50-170 ° C. Received at oil refineries during catalytic oil processing, used as solvent (RF Patent No. 2060662, MKI ⁶ A01N 25/00, A61K 31/00, BI No. 15, 1996).

In the patent and scientific literature, technical solutions are not known containing signs similar to those claimed, i.e. the proposal meets the criterion of "novelty."

We found for the first time that the addition of chloroacetophos to the active substance alfamethrin in a certain combination with a surfactant and a solvent significantly increases the effectiveness of combating harmful arthropods and is universal, which is reflected in the death of many, if not all parasitic insects and ticks, especially on larvae of various species gadfly, which required the creation of specialized drugs. The proposal is industrially applicable, meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by the following examples:

Example 1. The composition is obtained by mixing 5 kg of alfamethrin, 5 kg of chloroacetophos, 20 kg of neonol, 3 kg of isopropyl alcohol and 67 kg of C ₂ -80/120 nephras, and composition 1 is obtained in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Alfamethrin 5 Chloracetophos 5 Neonol AF 9-10 twenty Isopropyl alcohol 3 Solvent rest.

Example 2. The composition is obtained by mixing 10 kg of alfamethrin, 10 kg of chloroacetophos, 40 kg of neonol, 3 kg of isopropyl alcohol and 37 kg of nephras C ₂ -80/120, and composition 2 is obtained in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Alfamethrin 10 Chloracetophos 10 Neonol AF 9-10 40 Isopropyl alcohol 6 Solvent rest.

Example 3. The composition is obtained by mixing 7.5 kg of alfamethrin, 7.5 kg of chloroacetophos, 30 kg of neonol, 4.5 kg of isopropyl alcohol and 50.5 kg of nephras C ₂ -80/120, and composition 3 is obtained in the following ratio components, wt.%:

Alfamethrin 7.5 Chloracetophos 7.5 Neonol AF 9-10 thirty Isopropyl alcohol 4,5 Solvent rest.

Example 4. A composition is obtained by mixing 5 kg of alfamethrin, 5 kg of chloroacetophos, 20 kg of neonol, 3 kg of isopropyl alcohol and 67 kg of C-50/170 nephras, and composition 4 is obtained in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Alfamethrin 5 Chloracetophos 5 Neonol AF 9-10 twenty Isopropyl alcohol 3 Solvent rest.

Example 5. A composition is obtained by mixing 10 kg of alfamethrin, 10 kg of chloroacetophos, 40 kg of neonol, 3 kg of isopropyl alcohol and 37 kg of C-50/170 nephras, and composition 5 is obtained in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Alfamethrin 10 Chloracetophos 10 Neonol AF 9-10 40 Isopropyl alcohol 6 Solvent rest.

Example 6. The composition is obtained by mixing 7.5 kg of alfamethrin, 7.5 kg of chloroacetophos, 30 kg of neonol, 4.5 kg of isopropyl alcohol and 50.5 kg of S-50/170 nephras, and composition 6 is obtained in the following ratio of components , wt.%:

Alfamethrin 7.5 Chloracetophos 7.5 Neonol AF 9-10 thirty Isopropyl alcohol 4,5 Solvent rest.

Example 7. The use of the proposed compositions 1-6, obtained according to the above examples 1-6, "Almet-1" for the control of sheep psoroptosis was carried out similarly to the method and methods for the study of alfamethrin and chloroacetophos (controls).

At the first stage of research, the acute acaricidal effect of the composition was studied in laboratory conditions.

The experiments were carried out on P.cuniculi imago in parallel with the prototype, alfamethrin and chloroacetophos / (controls) in triplicate using the well-known methodology (Methodological guidelines for the initial selection of new acaricides and a comparative study of their activity against sarcoptoid ticks. M., 1982).

At least 30 adult ticks were taken from fresh crusts taken from psoroptotic rabbits for each test concentration of the drug. Then the ticks were immersed for 1 min in aqueous emulsions prepared according to the AI Analysis was carried out daily. The research results are presented in table 1.

As can be seen from table 1, the proposed tool is much more effective in comparison with alfamethrin and chloroacetophos (controls).

The study of the prolonged insecticidal action of the compounds in the laboratory.

In order to study the residual insecticidal effect of the preparations, the average effective time (CMEA) of the Almet-1 insecto-acaricides, alfamethrin, and chloroacetophos of various concentrations on a wooden surface was determined. Indoor flies were used as test objects.

The concentration of working solutions was 0.1%; 0.01%; 0.001%. Contact time by flies - 10 minutes; 20 insects were taken for each concentration of the drug. Contacting was carried out three times, each time using a new surface, according to the "Guidelines for testing pesticides designed to combat animal ectoparasites", M., 1973. The experiments were compared with the control; in the experiments used the composition of 1,3,6. The results of contacting by the residual effect are presented in Table 2. As can be seen from the data presented, the Almet-1 preparation exceeds 1.5-2.0 times the individual components in the studied composition.

The acute toxicity of the preparations was determined by the method of topical application of insectoacaricides to the cuticle of house flies, as well as of scabies mites, by the purchase method in the studied compositions. The results are shown in table 3.

From the data of the table it can be seen that the drug "Almet-1" surpasses the known composition and controls - alfamethrin and chloroacetophos in effectiveness.

The study of acaricidal activity of Almet-1 in animals.

The effectiveness of the proposed composition "Almet-1" at a concentration of 0.001% in comparison with alfamethrin and chloroacetophos was determined in rabbits, severely affected by psoroptosis. In the experiments there were 12 rabbits, 3 animals for each composition.

Prior to treatment, cortical layers were observed in the ears of animals; microscopic examination revealed live ticks of P. suniculi in various forms of development. The epithelium of the auricles was hyperemic. Aqueous emulsions of the compositions were applied twice to the auricles using a 1-3 ml pipette.

The processing efficiency of the proposed composition "Almet-1" and controls was determined by daily clinical examination of rabbits and microscopic examination of the crusts for the presence and condition of ticks. In rabbits treated with formulations, dead ticks were found in crusts one day after treatment. Side effects in animals were not observed. In the composition of Almet-1, crust rejection also occurred after 5 days, and for the used alfamethrin and chloroacetophos on the 8-10th day. For prophylactic purposes, after 10 days, the rabbits were re-treated.

Thus, the proposed composition is more effective than controls.

Semi-production experiments of the composition.

Testing of the proposed Almet-1 compounds was carried out on the basis of the OPH of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Institute (Dagestan, Makhachkala), which was permanently unsuccessful in psoroptosis of animals.

Initially, 3 days before mass treatment against ixodid ticks in cattle, two groups of animals of 10 animals were selected. On each animal, from 28 to 60 or more ixodid ticks were parasitized.

One group was treated in 0.1% working water emulsion, and the second in 0.05% based on 1.5-2 liters per head. 3 days after the treatment of animals, no live ticks were found on any of them. The residual effect of 0.1% concentration in the treated animals on the skin-hairline is maintained for 3, and in 0.05% for 2 weeks. Considering that the drugs do not act on tick eggs, and adult ticks can lay eggs before death, the residual acaricidal effect excludes re-treatment, which is important.

At the same time, a group of 28 sheep treated with psoroptosis to an average degree in a 0.001% concentration of the drug was processed. At first, the harmlessness of the composition was determined for three animals of different ages, which were treated once with a 0.01% (according to the preparation) aqueous emulsion of the composition by bathing in a bath adapted for this purpose with a minute exposure. Observations of animals over one day showed that they did not have side effects.

Only after that the remaining sheep of 28 goals were processed. The second group of sheep, numbering 20 animals, was processed, divided into two parts, by alfamethrin and chloroacetophos.

Upon further clinical examination of the sheep and microscopic examination of scrapings 7 days after treatment with the Almet-1 compound, crust rejection occurred. Dead ticks were found in scrapings; no hair coloring was observed. In the case of treatment with alfamethrin and chloroacetophos, rejection of the crusts occurred in a longer time — by the 10th day, and 3 days after the treatment, single live mites were found in the crusts.

As shown by experiments, the composition of "Almet-1" in comparison with alfamethrin and chloracathophos under semi-production conditions showed higher efficiency.

In OPKh - SNK "Pamyat Ilyich" of the Zaraisk district of the Moscow region, the Almet-1 preparation was tested against subcutaneous gadfly larvae / hypodermatosis / cattle. A group of young cattle was treated by irrigation along the ridge in a dose of 15 ml to each animal. Comparison control was the drug “Hypodectin injection”, which was injected subcutaneously to another group of animals, according to the approved instructions for use of the Department of Agriculture and Food of the Russian Federation. The third group of animals was the control (processing bases).

The calculation of the effectiveness of the drugs by extensibility on the studied population (% of total animal damage) and intensities (% of drug effectiveness on average per animal) / number of larvae per animal / showed:

The drug "Almet-1": EE (extensibility) = 90%:

IE (Intensity Efficiency) = 96.3%.

The drug "Hypodectin - injection: EE = 90% and IE = 96.3%.

The drugs showed the same results in terms of effectiveness. Given that the Almet-1 drug is used by the watering method, which is quite simple, it is rather difficult to administer Hypodectin - injection with a syringe subcutaneously, in addition to having syringes, needles and doubly observing safety precautions, the Almet drug -1 ”can be recommended for implementation in widespread practice, given its versatility in use against many arthropods.

The study of the toxicity of the composition "Almet-1" on white mice.

Clinically healthy, normally developed animals weighing 18-22 g were taken into the experiment. The preparation in the form of an oil emulsion was injected into the stomach of mice using a syringe equipped with a club-shaped thickening at the end. Before the introduction of the drug, the volume of the infused solution was determined individually for each individual in accordance with the live weight. The experiments were carried out in parallel with the control - mice that were injected with the appropriate volume of oil (5 mice).

LD ₅₀ Almet-1 for white mice when administered orally is 970.6 mg / kg, the toxicity of all formulations (1-6) is within ± 11.3 mg / kg, LD _{50 of} alfamethrin and chloroacetophos using the same method of administration is 107.8 mg / kg and 790 mg / kg, respectively.

Given that the working concentration of the drug "Almet-1" is very low 0.0015% + 0.00022%, "Almet-1" is practically safe when used on animals.

To find out whether the preparation has a local irritant effect, the hair was cut off on the back of the rabbits and the preparation was applied to the clipped areas in the form of 5-10% a.a. water emulsions. After applying the drug, no signs of toxicity (redness, thickening of the skin fold, etc.) were observed.

To study the local effect of Almet-1 on the mucous membranes of the eyes, in a working concentration, 1-2 drops were introduced into the conjunctival sac of rabbits. The control rabbit was injected with a volume of water corresponding to the largest volume of fluid introduced by the animals of the experimental group. After drug administration, superficial conjunctivitis of the eyes and slight tearing were observed, but these phenomena disappeared 2-3 hours after application.

Thus, the proposed composition "Almet-1" has several advantages compared with single alpha-metrine and chloroacetophos, as well as with other drugs that can be used in the fight against harmful arthropods, including ozodosis larvae (Hypodectin - injection).

The drug "Almet-1" is highly effective against the main ecto-and-endoparasites that harm animals (scabies, the destruction of patching insects, gadfly larvae). It has high acute acaricidal activity for scabies mites, flies, superior activity of alfamethrin and chdoracetophos 1.5-2.0. times. When destroying subcutaneous gadfly larvae, they were compared with the Hypodectin - Injection drug widely used in the Russian Federation, which is recommended by the GUV of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation for cattle hypodermatosis.

The drug "Almet-1" in 0.1-0.001% concentrations has a longer residual effect on wooden surfaces, constituting more than 30% by the 15th day, while the residual effect of alfamethrin and chloroacetophos in the same concentrations is not more than 5-10 days. A longer residual effect of Almet-1 makes it possible to reduce processing from two or more to one, which is economically advantageous in application.

The drug "Almet-1" is used in low concentrations, does not have a negative effect on the animal organism / skin-resorptive effect /, is rapidly excreted from the animal organism.

The drug "Almet-1" is less toxic for warm-blooded compared with alfametrin and chloracetophos, amounting to 970.6 mg / kg, while the components (alfamethrin and chloracetophos) - 107.8 and 790.4 mg / kg, respectively.

We found that the synergism of the active substances (alfamethrin + chloroacetophos) in the Almet-1 preparation with certain combinations of pyrethroid and organophosphorus compounds with an emulsifier and solvent significantly increase the effectiveness of combating harmful arthropods and have universality (a wide spectrum of action against insects and ticks), which is superior to specialized drugs that are created only to destroy a single, specific pest.

Table 1.
Acaricidal effect of the preparations: Almet-1, prototype, alfamethrin and chloroacetophos on ticks Psoroptes cuniculi. The concentration of drugs (%) by DV Number of ticks in experiments Preparations Almet-1 Prototype Alfamethrin Chloracetophos ticks died % death ticks died % death ticks died % death ticks died % death one thirty thirty one hundred 26 86 thirty one hundred thirty one hundred 0.5 thirty thirty one hundred 22 73 24 80 thirty one hundred 0.1 thirty thirty one hundred 5 16 6 twenty eighteen 60 0.05 thirty 26 86.6 0 0 0 0 6 twenty 0.01 thirty 8 26.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.005 thirty 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.001 thirty 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 2.
The residual effect of the preparations: Almet-1, prototype, alfamethrin and chloroacetophos on a wooden surface in relation to house flies. The concentration of drugs (%) by DV The number of flies in the experiments Preparations Almet-1 Prototype Alfamethrin Chloracetophos The death of flies in a day in% 5 10 fifteen 5 10 fifteen 5 10 fifteen 5 10 fifteen 0.1 twenty one hundred 60 thirty 80 60 0 80 60 0 90 fifty 0 0.01 twenty 80 thirty fifteen 60 40 0 60 10 0 0 0 0 0.001 twenty 60 fifteen 5 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 3.
The effectiveness of insectoacaricides in 0.01% concentration. Compositions LD ₅₀ in the Far East on indoor flies, μg / g CK ₅₀ for DV for scabies mites, mcg / g one 0.0120 0.02 2 0.0118 0.05 3 0.0115 0.01 four 0.0119 0.02 5 0.0114 0,03 6 0.0121 0.05 Prototype 0.00240 0.08 Alfamethrin 0.00130 0.09 Chloracetophos 0,03 0.05

Claims (2)

1. Insecticide and acaricidal composition for combating animal arachnoentomiasis, including alfamethrin, surfactant, alcohol and solvent, characterized in that it additionally contains chloroacetophos, isopropyl alcohol as alcohol, and neonol as surfactant, with the following ratios of components, wt.%:
alfamethrin 5-10 chloroacetophos 5-10 Neonol AF 9-10 20-40 isopropyl alcohol 3-6 solvent rest 2. Insecticide and acaricidal composition for combating arachnoentomoses of animals according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent contains a mixed gasoline-oil solvent for the rubber industry with a boiling point of 80-120 ° C or a mixed gasoline-oil solvent with a boiling point of 50-170 ° C.