RU2344965C1 - Propulsion unit and driven dynamic bearing member of propulsion unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: propulsion unit based on Magnus effect includes a framework, on which the taper-shaped driven dynamic bearing members are mounted, evenly spaced on the framework circumference, and integrated into a single system with central pivot axis. The pivot axes of the dynamic bearing members are parallel to the central pivot axis and their direction of rotation is opposite to that of the framework. The driven dynamic bearing member is taper-shaped and can rotate about the longitudinal axis of the dynamic bearing member at an angle to the pivot axis. The driven dynamic bearing member can be made in the form of inverted-cone in the bottom.

EFFECT: increased traction effort by elimination of gyroscope action and functional enhancement.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of transport technology, and in particular to traction devices based on the use of the Magnus effect.

A traction device (rotary mover) based on the Magnus effect and containing cylindrical rotors (dynamic load-bearing elements) combined into a single rotor system with a central axis of rotation is known, with a symmetrical arrangement with respect to a central axis located perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the rotors. All rotors rotate in one direction and flow around the stream resulting from the rotation of the rotor system around a central axis. As a result of the participation of the rotors in two rotations, the following immediately happens: a rotor rotating around its longitudinal axis runs into the oncoming air flow, which occurs as a result of the rotation of all rotary rotors around the central axis. A reduced pressure arises above each rotor, and an increased pressure zone arises under the rotor, providing an oriented traction in parallel to the central axis of rotation of the rotor system (see the description of the invention according to the RF patent No. 1781970 of 11.24.89, publ. 10.09.95, B63H 9 / 02).

However, there are several reasons why you cannot use this device:

- cylindrical rotors, provide great aerodynamic resistance to the incoming flow;

- the gyroscopic effect will counteract the rotation of cylindrical rotors around a central axis.

Another well-known traction device based on the use of the Magnus effect to create traction in air and water, selected by the applicant as a prototype, comprises a frame with drive-mounted dynamic dynamic load-bearing elements of a conical shape, combined into a single system with a central axis of rotation, with a uniform radial their circumference (see the description of the invention according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2041137 (figure 2) from 05.27.92, publ. 09.08.95, B64C 23/08).

However, to use this device in practice, for example, when trying to replace a helicopter propeller, the gyroscopic effect interferes. Radially located dynamic load-bearing elements, due to the fact that they constantly change the position of their axis in space, are subject to the gyroscopic effect (in which forces arise that counteract the change in the position of the axes), which even with light dynamic elements leads to stresses in the structure and energy losses . The gyroscopic effect will counteract the rotation of the dynamic elements around the central axis of rotation. To reduce the gyroscopic effect as described in patent No. 2041137, the diameter of the dynamic elements is less than an order of magnitude smaller than the linear dimensions of the frame.

The technical task of these proposed solutions is to increase traction by eliminating the gyroscopic effect and expanding functionality.

The problem is solved by performing a known traction device based on the Magnus effect and containing a frame on which drive dynamic bearing elements are mounted, conical in shape, combined into a single system with a central axis of rotation, with a uniform arrangement around the circumference of the frame, in which, according to the invention , the axis of rotation of the dynamic bearing elements are parallel to the central axis of rotation and the direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of rotation of the frame.

The dynamic load-bearing elements are hollow and provided with longitudinal radially made slotted cut-outs.

The problem is also solved by performing a driving dynamic bearing element of the traction device having a conical shape, which, according to the invention, is configured to rotate the longitudinal axis of the element at an angle to the axis of rotation.

In this case, the driving dynamic bearing element of the traction device is made in the lower part by a reverse cone.

The proposed technical solutions are united by a single inventive concept, because they are aimed at increasing the traction of devices based on the use of the Magnus effect by eliminating the gyroscopic effect and expanding functionality.

Due to the fact that the rotation axes of the dynamic bearing elements are parallel to the central axis of rotation, the gyroscopic effect is completely absent, which allows the dynamic bearing elements to have high rotation speeds, reduce their length and increase the diameter, which will increase traction and reduce the dimensions of the device.

In this case, the execution of the device of the dynamic bearing elements of a cone-shaped form with slotted cutouts ensures the unwinding of the dynamic bearing elements of a conical shape from the incoming flow when they rotate around the central axis of rotation, which eliminates the transmission that causes the dynamic bearing elements to rotate around its own axis.

The most aerodynamically and energetically effective embodiment of the dynamic carrier element is in a cone shape with the possibility of rotation of the longitudinal axis of the dynamic carrier element at an angle to the axis of rotation, simulating wave motion with the effect of a traveling wave. From this rotation, an environmental flow arises, and a traction force F acts on the cone-shaped surface of the dynamic supporting element.

A dynamic carrier element made in the lower part with a reverse cone, which provides a better flow around the medium flows, will have even better characteristics.

The patent studies did not reveal identical technical solutions, which allows us to conclude about the novelty and technical level of the claimed technical solution.

The domestic industry has all the means (materials, technology, equipment) necessary for the manufacture and widespread use of the proposed traction device, based on the Magnus effect, and various in form of dynamic load-bearing elements.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - General diagram of the traction device;

figure 2 - dynamic bearing element with slotted cutouts;

figure 3 is a diagram of the interaction of a dynamic bearing element in a conical shape, configured to rotate the longitudinal axis at an angle to the axis of rotation;

figure 4 is a form of execution of the dynamic bearing element in figure 3 in the lower part of the inverse cone.

The proposed traction device 1 is based on the Magnus effect and contains a frame 2, on which drive dynamic load-bearing elements 3 of a conical shape are mounted, combined into a single system with a central axis of rotation 4, with a uniform arrangement of them around the circumference on the frame 2. Axis 5 of rotation of the dynamic load-bearing elements 3 are made parallel to the central axis of rotation 4 and the direction of rotation of the dynamic supporting elements 3 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the frame 2.

Dynamic bearing elements 3 of the proposed traction device 1 can be made hollow and provided with longitudinal radially made slotted cutouts 6.

A drive dynamic carrier element 7 of the traction device is also provided having a conical shape configured to rotate its longitudinal axis 8 of the dynamic carrier element 7 at an angle 9 to the axis of rotation 10.

Such a dynamic carrier element can be made in the lower part by a reverse cone 11.

The proposed traction device 1 operates as follows. The dynamic bearing elements 3 located on the frame 2 rotating around their longitudinal axes 5 are given a second rotation around the central axis 4 of the traction device 1. All the dynamic bearing elements 3 rotate in the same direction. As a result of the participation of dynamic load-bearing elements 3 in two rotations, the following occurs: dynamic load-bearing elements 3 rotating around their longitudinal axes 5 run into the air flow, which occurs as a result of rotation of all dynamic load-bearing elements 3 around the central axis 4. In this case, one half of the dynamic load-bearing elements 3 is surrounded by an air stream (the direction of rotation of the element coincides with the direction of the medium flow). The other half of each dynamic carrier 3 moves towards this flow. On each dynamic supporting element, a zone of reduced pressure arises on the one hand, and on the other hand, a zone of increased pressure, which provides the appearance of traction. Moreover, the larger the radius of the arrangement of the dynamic load-bearing elements 3 from the central axis of rotation 4 of the traction unit 1, the greater the traction force. As a result of this, the total tractive effort oriented parallel to the central axis of rotation 4 appears using the Magnus effect.

When performing dynamic load-bearing elements 3 with slotted cut-outs 6, the air flow running perpendicularly to the axes 5 of elements 3, passing through the traction device 1 and acting on the dynamic load-bearing elements 3 through slotted cut-outs 6, causes an effective rotation of each dynamic bearing element.

The proposed drive dynamic bearing element 7 of the traction device (not shown), having a conical shape, works as follows. When the longitudinal axis 8 of the dynamic carrier element 7 is rotated at an angle of 9 to the axis of rotation 10, rotation is carried out, which is close to the wave motion with the effect of a traveling wave. As a result of such a movement, air flow running on top of the drive dynamic carrier 7 (parallel to the axis of rotation 10) arises, and a thrust force F directed parallel to the axis of rotation 10 acts on the dynamic carrier.

If the dynamic supporting element is made in the lower part by the reverse cone 11, the traction force will be even higher.

Currently, work is underway on the manufacture of a prototype of the proposed traction device. Test options for performing dynamic load-bearing elements showed high rates of traction.

Claims (4)

1. A traction device based on the Magnus effect and containing a frame on which drive dynamic bearing elements of a conical shape are mounted, combined into a single system with a central axis of rotation, with a uniform arrangement of them around the circumference on the frame, characterized in that the axis of rotation (5) dynamic bearing elements (3) are made parallel to the central axis of rotation (4) and the direction of rotation of the dynamic bearing elements (3) is opposite to the direction of rotation of the frame (2). 2. The traction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the dynamic load-bearing elements (3) are hollow and provided with longitudinal radially made slotted cutouts (6). 3. Drive dynamic bearing element of the traction device, having a conical shape, characterized in that it is configured to rotate the longitudinal axis (8) of the element (7) at an angle (9) to the axis of rotation (10). 4. The bearing element according to claim 3, characterized in that it is made in the lower part with a reverse cone (11).

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