RU2344085C2 - Water-treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry, water purification.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be applied in water purification. Water continuously flows by gravity from upper chamber of water-treatment system (TC) to filling chamber, from which water is sampled. Water consistently flows through filter station (CB), chemical cleaning unit (CR) and treater (SC). Chemical cleaning unit (CR) is mounted in sealed chamber with water outlet. Outlet channel design provides that water following from chemical cleaning unit is supplied to treater (SC) after preset time at least 30 minutes.

EFFECT: provided high degree of microbiological treatment in simple filtration system of water gravity flow.

3 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a water treatment system, in particular to a water treatment system with gravity feed, designed to receive and pour purified water of the highest quality.

State of the art

Very important is the problem of improving the technology related to water treatment, since water supplies are becoming more polluted. Many water basins are highly polluted and therefore require the use of more advanced water treatment systems.

The presence of unwanted and potentially dangerous contaminants in water, especially in drinking water, is alarming for many people. This leads to the desire to have water purification devices at home and elsewhere. Many water purification devices and methods for water purification have been developed to reduce or neutralize chemical contaminants and particulate matter. In some of these devices and methods, it is contemplated to use chemically active materials for water treatment. For example, activated carbon can eliminate the bad taste and smell of water, as well as chlorine and other chemicals. Ion exchange resins are used to remove metal ions and other ions from water. However, not a single material or chemical was found that would remove all contaminants.

In addition to chemical contaminants and particulate matter, water often contains biological contaminants. These contaminants often cannot be completely removed with activated carbon, ion-exchange resins or other chemically active agents for water treatment. Biological contaminants may be subjected to more stringent chemical treatments, but such chemicals are typically contaminants in their own right and are not easy to adapt for use in gravity feed processing devices, especially those intended for home use. In addition to being resistant to elimination by standard chemicals, many of these biological contaminants, such as protozoal cysts, in particular cryptobazidiospores, are only a few microns in size.

Several water treatment systems are known. Widely used are cleansing tablets, boiling, etc. Water treatment devices are well known in the art. Such devices are used directly in the water supply system, either on the line, or at its very end, or in the form of independent portioned systems. An example of an in-line system is a device installed under a meter that filters water before it enters the faucet. The terminal devices include filters mounted above the meter and on the crane. Independent batch systems include gravity feed systems, or carafe units.

For the disinfection of drinking water, iodized resin systems were also used. These systems provide for the use of iodide molecules located in the resin layer and taking the form of granules, consisting of iodide molecules and firmly bonded to the main copolymer ion exchange resin, usually a styrene / divinylbenzoic (DVB) copolymer. Water passing through a layer of resin becomes turbulent. Under the influence of turbulence, microbes, for example, such as bacteria, protozoal cysts and viruses, are forcibly contacted with iodinated granules. As a result of such contacts, iodine is transmitted to microbes in the form of molecular iodine, where it enters a redox reaction with microbes, deactivating them.

Iodine is also washed out in negligible amounts by water, in typical cases - about 0.5 parts per million (million). The exact amount of residual iodine delivered is a function of residence time, temperature, flow rate, and the level and type of ions in the incoming water.

US Pat. No. 5,518,613 (Harrison First International, Inc., 1996) discloses a portable device for treating water and drinking, which is intended to eliminate potentially harmful parasites of 1-2 microns in size from treated water. This device provides for the possibility of using a cleaning reagent located in the appropriate chamber, which allows you to provide the necessary induction period required for the cleaning to occur. This operation of this device is determined by the pressure drop required for the fluid to flow through the pipeline, and which is in the range of 1-5 psi (this drop is created by the consumer by sucking water by mouth).

It is also known to use coal blocks as a cleaning medium for filtering cysts.

WO 9529878 (Recovery Engineering Inc., 1995) discloses a water treatment device comprising a disinfection unit in which iodized resin and activated charcoal are located. The basic principle is that the dimensions of the volume of the waiting chamber and the flow rate in it are maintained in such a way as to deactivate bacteria, viruses and other contaminants. In addition, a significant factor is also the fact that the fluid flow moves uniformly, which is essential so that the first portion of the fluid entering this unit remains in front of the fluid flow and does not mix with the fluid already in or after her.

However, in practice it was found that it is impossible to achieve the required removal of cysts by using iodized resin and only by ensuring a smooth flow and appropriate control of the residence time of the liquid in the waiting chamber.

Thus, despite the knowledge in this field and the popularity of various types of filtration and (or) cleaning agents, it was not possible to achieve the required high degree of microbiological purity in relation to simple filtration systems with gravity water supply.

The present invention provides a simple and cost-effective water purification system with gravity-fed water supply, which allows to obtain the required high degree of microbiological purity. This system is convenient to use when used in the household and (or) in residential premises, and its dimensions can be very different and are set in accordance with the requirements of the consumer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a gravity water treatment system that includes a filtration unit for filtering solid particles and a chemical treatment unit containing a cleaning reagent, while the chemical treatment unit is housed in a sealed chamber and is in fluid communication with the filtration unit due to the presence of which the water treated in the filtration unit, then by gravity enters the chemical treatment unit and is kept in it for a predetermined period The time period after which the water leaves the system through a cleaning agent that is designed to recover leached cleaning agent.

While ensuring the corresponding advantages, the proposed system according to the present invention effectively combines a filtration unit designed to capture solid particles and a chemical cleaning unit, which not only removes solid particles (in typical cases, larger than 2 microns), but also filtered water, not containing solid particles, is further subjected to subsequent treatment with a cleaning reagent for a sufficiently long period of time in order to obtain microbiologically pure water of high quality whilst maintaining the simplicity and advantages, characteristic for water filtration systems with gravity feed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A gravity water treatment system according to the present invention typically comprises a treatment unit having an upper chamber and a lower chamber, which are separated by a partition. The filtration unit in typical cases is attached to the partition, while being located in the upper chamber, and the chemical cleaning unit is located in the lower chamber.

Preferably, the filtration unit comprises a coal block.

In order to facilitate efficient processing, it is important that the water remains in the chemical treatment unit for a sufficiently long time.

In typical cases, this is achieved by arranging the outlet channel discharging water from the chemical treatment unit in this design so that water cannot flow out through the specified outlet channel for water until the designated residence time in the chemical unit expires cleaning up.

It would be preferable that the channel for the release of water was provided with one or more tubes, the inlet end of which would be located just below the partition between the upper and lower chambers.

The water outlet is connected to a cleaning agent that is designed to recover the leached cleaning agent. It would be preferable that the cleaning agent be a bacteriostatic activated carbon enclosed in a capture chamber.

Specific examples of a water treatment system in accordance with the present invention are illustrated in figures 1-3. As shown in figure 1, the system includes a cleaning unit having an upper chamber (TC) and a lower chamber (BC), separated by a partition (PR). The coal block (CB) is installed on the upper side of the partition with which the resin container (CR) is located in the lower chamber (BC). Said resin container (CR) contains a cleaning agent. The lower chamber (BC) is equipped with tubes (P) extending from the lower sealed side (BS), which go to a level just below the partition (PR). The size and location of the tubes (P) determines the residence time of water in the lower chamber (BC), and thereby the time it is exposed to the cleaning reagent located in the resin container (CR). Water flowing out of the resin container (CR) is directed into a cylindrical pipe (J). Leaked water is collected in the chamber (BC) until the water level in it reaches the inlet end (I) of the pipes (P) and the water begins to drain down the common water collector (H), which then leads to the cleaning unit (SC) ) that is suspended in a tapping chamber (DC). The water collected in the collecting chamber (CC) can be dispensed with a tap (T) for its consumption.

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the system comprises a cleaning unit having an upper chamber (TC) and a lower chamber (BC) separated by a partition (PR). The coal block (CB) is mounted on the upper side of the partition (PR) and is in fluid communication with the resin container (CR) located on the lower side of the partition (PR). Water collected in the lower chamber (BC) moves down into the trapping chamber (CC) provided in the base (B) of this unit. Water is collected in a capture chamber (CC) until the water level in it rises to a treatment unit (SC), which is in fluid communication with the capture chamber (CC). Water that, having passed through the purification unit (SC), is collected in a pouring chamber (DC), can be dispensed with a tap (T) for its consumption.

Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which can be used in a filling machine having a bubbling top and equipped with a pressure equalization device.

As shown in figure 3, the system includes a cleaning unit having an upper chamber (TC) and a lower chamber (BC), which are maintained in a sealed airtight condition and are separated by a partition (PR). The carbon block (CB) provides filtering of solid particles, and the container (CR) provides chemical cleaning. To obtain an equal pressure in the upper part of the lower chamber and in the upper part of the upper chamber, a device and (or) a valve for pressure equalization (PV) are provided. The chamber (C) is equipped with tubes (P) extending from the lower sealed side (BS), which go to a level just below the partition (PR). Water is collected in the chamber (C) until the water level in it reaches the inlet end (I) of the tube and water begins to drain down the common water collector (H), which then leads to the cleaning unit (SC), which is suspended in the lower chamber (BC). The cleaning unit, discussed in detail here above, is mounted on top of the tapping chamber (DC) and is operatively connected to the tapping machine through a central hole in the lower chamber, which extends further downward in the form of a pipe (NZ) entering the upper part of the tapping machine. The specified filling machine is equipped with a tap (T), with which a regulated supply of purified water can be provided.

The operation of the system made in accordance with the present invention is as follows:

The cleaning system contains an upper chamber equipped with a pre-filter, consisting of a precipitating filter of rough cleaning and activated carbon and providing the ability to remove chlorine, organic compounds, solid particles and pathogenic cysts. Filtered water is then passed through a chemical treatment unit in which there is a suitable chemical reagent, for example, such as iodine or chlorine, impregnated accordingly on an inert carrier, for example, such as an ion exchange resin. As water passes through the chemical treatment unit, a certain amount of the cleaning agent in the resin is leached. The chemical reagent is then removed from the water by passing it through a cleaning unit containing bacteriostatic activated carbon and (or) an ion-exchange resin, or some other known means, after keeping the water for a period of time of at least 30 minutes, counting from the moment of exit her from the chemical cleaning unit.

Preferably, the water holding time is in the range of 30 to 300 minutes, and more preferably in the range of 60 to 180 minutes.

Demonstration of microbial destruction and cyst removal

From the urban water supply system in Mambey, 1200 liters of tap water were taken, which was infected with bacteriophages in the amount of 10 ⁷ / ml, cysts in the amount of 10 ⁵ / l and bacteria in the amount of 10 ⁸ / ml, and each time only one was introduced into the water type of microorganisms. This water was filtered by passing it through a water purifier made in accordance with the present invention, as described in the above description with reference to figure 1 (Example 1). In Example 2, the design of the water purifier was the same as that used in Example 1, except that no coal block was inserted into the water purifier. In Example 3, a conventional type filter was applied.

Table 1 Examples Bacteriophages Cysts Bacteria Example 1 Are absent Are absent Are absent Example 2 Are absent In the amount of 10 ⁵ / l Are absent Example 3 In the amount of 10 ⁴ / ml Are absent Are absent

The data presented in table 1 show that the water purifier, made in accordance with the present invention, allows to achieve the complete destruction of microbes.

Claims (3)

1. A water treatment system in which water can continuously flow by gravity from the upper chamber (TC) containing the water to be purified to a tapping chamber (DC) from which purified water can be taken, the system comprising a filtration unit (CB) for filtering particulate matter, a chemical treatment unit (CR) containing a cleaning reagent, and a cleaning unit (SC) designed to remove the cleaning reagent from the water, said nodes being arranged so that the water passes from the upper the steiner into the filling container has the ability to flow sequentially through the filtration unit, the chemical treatment unit and the cleaning unit, while the chemical cleaning unit is placed in a sealed chamber having a water outlet, the cleaning reagent is hydraulically connected to the filtration unit, due to which water passed through the filtration unit, then it has the opportunity to flow by gravity to the chemical treatment unit, while the outlet channel for water is designed so that the water flowing from the unit x nomic purification, was able to enter the cleaning portion after a predetermined time period, the predetermined time period is at least 30 minutes. 2. The water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtration unit is a coal block. 3. The water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the channel for discharging water is made in the form of tubes that end just below the top of the sealed chamber, through which water can enter the cleaning unit.

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