RU2340957C2 - Record medium with data structure applied for control of at least record medium data area and record and reproduction methods and devices - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technologies.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to recording technology applying high recording density optical disks, specifically of single record disks of BD-WO standard. According to invention record medium supplied with data structure for record medium data area control, contains defect control area storing the first data block storing the first information including data area record state; the second information including defect list, and the third information including the first indication specifying address where the first information is recorded.

EFFECT: available effective and advanced application of single record carrier, such as disk of BD-WO standard.

12 cl, 7 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a recording medium provided with a data structure for controlling at least the data area of the recording medium, as well as to methods and devices for recording and reproducing.

State of the art

The standardization of new high-density optical discs in read-only or multi-record formats capable of holding large amounts of data has been rapidly developed, and the commercial production of new optical discs is expected in the near future. An example is the “BD” Blu-ray Disc, which refers to next-generation HD-DVD technology and is the next-generation optical recording medium capable of far surpassing existing DVDs in their ability to record data.

When recording information on a BD disc and reading it from a disc, a “blue-violet” laser with a wavelength of 405 nm is used, which has a much higher recording density than the “red” laser with a wavelength of 650 nm used for existing DVD discs. As a result, BD discs can hold more data than existing DVD discs.

Currently, only one standard has been developed related to "BD" (Blu-ray disc) technology, such as a BD-RE (BD Rewritable disc), while other standards, such as for disc write-once "BD-WO" (BD Write Once disc) are still under development. Standards, such as for the BD-RE disc, provide a data structure for defect management in the data area of the recording medium. However, since the “BD-WO” standard disc is designed for one-time recording, its development presents difficulties that were not encountered when developing existing “BD” standard discs, for example, the “BD-RE” standard disc, and therefore an effective data structure and control method defects for standard BD-WO discs are still under development.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention, the recording medium has a data structure for controlling at least the data area of the recording medium.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in a temporary defect management area of the recording medium, a first data unit that includes a separation bit map and a temporary determination structure is stored. The dividing bit map indicates the recording status of the data area, and the temporary definition structure provides a first pointer to the dividing bit map.

The separation bit map determines, for example, the recording status of the data area for a single recording element based on the recording element. In this case, a single record element may be a cluster.

In another embodiment, the temporary determination structure may further include a second pointer to a temporary list of defects stored in the second data block in the time control zone. A temporary defect list indicates, at a minimum, defective portions of the data area.

In the above embodiment, the first pointer to the temporary structure of the determination may indicate the number of the first physical sector of the dividing card, while the second pointer may indicate the number of the first physical sector of the temporary defect list. Although it will be more accurate to say that the first and second pointers determine the latest map of separation bits and the most recent list of temporary defects at the time of recording the temporary structure of the definition.

In addition, the present invention provides devices and methods for recording and reproducing a data structure according to the present invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The above properties and other advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 shows a single-layer optical disc write once, made in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

figure 2 shows a method of recording and updating a temporary defect list "TDFL" in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

figure 3 schematically shows the direction in which the recording of various areas of the optical disk;

FIG. 4A shows a case where an SBM separation bit map is recorded in thirty-one cluster initial sectors, and a temporary disc definition structure (TDDS) is recorded in the remaining sector;

FIG. 4B shows an example of a data structure of an SBM separation bit map;

5 shows another example of a single-layer write-once optical disc made in accordance with the present invention; and

Fig. 6 shows one embodiment of a device for recording and reproducing a disc made in accordance with the present invention.

Preferred Embodiment

For a more complete understanding of the essence of the present invention, consider examples of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 presents a single-layer optical disc for write once, made according to one of the embodiments of the present invention. Although this and other embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to an optical disc, it should be understood that the concept of a recording medium is not limited to an optical disc.

As shown in FIG. 1, an optical disk comprises a main data area, which is referred to as a user area, for recording data. However, the specified user area may contain defects that impede proper recording and / or reproduction. Therefore, internal "ISAO" and external "OSAO" backup areas are provided as a replacement record area for defective areas of the user area.

The provision of these replacement zones also requires a data structure to control the replacement of defects. As shown in FIG. 1, among other things, one or more “DMA” defect management areas are provided for storing information controlling defect replacement of the recording medium. In the case of a conventional rewritable optical disc, data can be re-recorded and erased in the DMA defect management area, even if the DMA defect management area is limited in size, so that there is no need for a large DMA defect management area. However, when using an optical disc for write once, the once recorded area cannot be reused for data recording, and a larger control area is required. Therefore, the optical disk in the example embodiment of FIG. 1 comprises one or more temporary defect management areas “TDMA” for defective area management information. If the optical disc is no longer being recorded or cannot be recorded, the final information of the temporary defect management zones “TDMA” is transmitted or recorded to the defect management zone “DMA”.

In the example embodiment of FIG. 1, temporary defect management areas “TDMA” include first and second temporary defect management areas, that is, “TDMA1” and “TDMA2”. The temporary defect management zone "TDMA1" is located in the initial region of the optical disc and has a fixed size. The temporary defect management area "TDMA2" is located in the external spare area "OSA0" and has a size that is in accordance with the size of the external spare area "OSA0". For example, if the external reserve area “OSA0” has a size of N × 256 clusters, then the temporary defect management area “TDMA2” will have a size of P = (N × 256) / 4. In this example of a “BD-WO” disc, a single recording element is defined as one cluster, with one cluster consisting of 32 sectors.

Corresponding temporary defect management zones “TDMA” can be used to store a temporary defect list “TDFL”, a temporary structure for determining a disc “TDDS” and a separating bit map “SBM” as control information of the data area. From the more detailed description below, it follows that the TDFL temporary defect list provides information on replacing defective areas in the data area with sections of the ISA0 and OSA0 spare areas and has a size of 1-4 clusters in accordance with the size of the defective list zones.

A separation bit map (SBM or Space Bitmap) provides information indicating the usage status or recording status of a disc, and is applicable to the user area and / or to the entire disc area. The SBM separation bit map card places one bit (bit) in each cluster, which is the smallest unit of record to indicate the recording status of the corresponding cluster. For example, “1b” indicates a corresponding cluster in a recorded area, and “0b” indicates a corresponding cluster in an unrecorded area. Therefore, by reading the information of the SBM Separate Bit Card, the recorded and unrecorded areas of the disc can be easily recognized. Since the "SBM" separation card determines the usage status of a disc even when the disc is not recorded sequentially (but, for example, is recorded in random order), the "SBM" separation card is used and controlled as if it were a once-recorded optical the disc was to be recorded in random order.

As follows from the following more detailed description, the temporary structure of the TDDS disc definition provides location information indicating the latest version of the temporary defect list TDFL and the last separation bit map SBM at the time of recording the temporary structure of the TDDS disc definition. It should be noted that while data is being written to the optical disc, and sections of the spare areas "ISA0" and "OSA0" are used to replace the defective areas, the temporary list of defects "TDFL", the card of separation bits "SBM" and the temporary structure TDDS disc definitions are updated (for example, re-recorded in temporary TDMA defect management areas).

As follows from Figure 1, the temporary TDFL defect list and the temporary TDDS disc definition structure are recorded in the TDMA defect management zone with one TDFL + TDDS data block (and in the case of the BD-WO disc standard, at least one cluster), and the separation bit map "SBM" and the temporary structure of the disc definition "TDDS" are recorded in the temporary defect management zone "TDMA" as another data block "SBM + TDDS". Figure 1 presents an example where the data blocks "TDFL + TDDS" and "SBM + TDDS" are recorded in the temporary defect management zone "TDMA" in a single cluster for the corresponding update time. This means that in one cluster consisting of 32 sectors, the temporary TDFL and the SBM separation record are recorded in thirty-one initial sectors, starting from sector 0 and ending with sector 30, and the information for the temporary structure of the disc definition is TDDS "is recorded in the remaining sector, that is, in sector 31. However, it will be apparent further that more than one cluster will be required to store the corresponding data blocks. Even so, the information of the temporary structure of the TDDS disc definition is stored as the last information in the data block. The TDDS disc definition temporary structure information typically includes general disc management information, and since the TDDS disc definition temporary structure information is recorded as the last portion of the recorded TDMA defect management zone, the TDDS disc definition temporary structure information can be easily affordable. Or, to achieve the same benefits, the system designer can place the temporary TDDS disc definition structure in the data block as the first information.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the location information for the temporary defect list “TDFL” and the separation bit map “SBM” provided by the temporary structure for determining the disc “TDDS” is the number of the first physical sector “PSN” of the most recent temporary defect list “TDFL” and the first physical sector number “PSN” of the most recent Separation Digit Card (SBM). Thus, referring to the TDDS disc definition temporary structure provides information about the location of the last TDFL temporary defect list list and the last SBM dividing bit map so that current defect replacement information and disc recording status can be easily and efficiently determined . The number of the first physical sector is the address of the first start sector of the corresponding cluster.

FIG. 2 illustrates a method for recording and updating a temporary TDFL in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, two defect records (“Defect Record No. 1” and “Defect Record No. 2”) were made during the first record of the “TDFL + TDDS” data block. If during the second update it is necessary to add “Defect Record No. 3”, then a new data block “TDFL + TDDS” is written, in which the temporary list of defects “TDFL” includes the first, second and third defect records, i.e. "Record of defects No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3". Similarly, if defect No. 4 is to be added during the third update, a new TDFL + TDDS data block is recorded, in which the temporary defect list “TDFL” includes “Damage records No. 1-No. 4”. By cumulative defect recording in the manner described above, it is possible to access defect records of the entire disc by accessing the most recent temporary defect list “TDFL”, which is convenient for the user.

It will be appreciated that with each update of the TDFL temporary defect list, the TDDS temporary definition structure is also updated, especially with respect to indicating the new location of the TDFL temporary defect list.

Figure 3 schematically shows the direction in which various areas of the optical disc are recorded. This explanation will help to understand the data structure of the SBM dividing bit map SBM, a detailed description of which is given below with reference to Figures 4A and 4B.

Although FIG. 1 shows an example of a single layer optical disc, a “BD-WO” format disc may have several recording layers. As such, aspects of a single layer optical disc made in accordance with the present invention are applicable to both layers. For explanation, FIG. 3 schematically shows several layers with corresponding regions of an optical disc intended for write-once, such as a “BD-WO” disc.

A “BD-WO” formatted disc shown in FIG. 3 may comprise first and second recording layers, i.e. “Layer 0” (Layer 0) and “Layer 1” (Layer 1) (hereinafter referred to as “L0” and “L1”). Suitable recording layers include an inner region, an inner reserve region, a user region, an outer reserve region, and an outer region. In the case of a two-layer disc, the inner region of the first recording layer “L0” will be the starting region, and the inner region of the second recording layer “L1” will be the ending region. However, in the case of a single layer disc, the outer region will be the final region.

Figure 3 shows that the first recording layer "L0" is consumed (filled) from the inner edge to the outer edge, and only its external reserve area "OSA0" is consumed (filled) from the outer edge to the inner edge. The second recording layer “L1” is consumed from the outer edge to the inner edge, and only its inner spare area “ISA1” is consumed from the inner edge to the outer edge. Thus, the location of the beginning of the corresponding area is determined according to the direction of expenditure of this area. However, this simply corresponds to the efficient use of the disc, and if the flow direction of the corresponding area changes, the location of the beginning of the area also changes.

Given that the direction of consumption and the location of the beginning of the corresponding region of the disk are determined as described above, we will further explain in detail the method of specifying the SBM card, which changes in accordance with the disk usage status.

FIG. 4A illustrates a case where an SBM separation bit map is recorded in a cluster in thirty one primary sectors, and a TDDS disc temporary determination structure is recorded in the remaining sector, sector 31. FIG. 4B shows an example data structure of a separation bit map "SBM". As shown, the SBM dividing bit map consists of three parts: a header allowing to recognize the SBM dividing bit map, information of the SBM dividing bit map to directly point to the SBM dividing bit map and ending recording of the dividing bit cards " SBM "for informing about the end of the" SBM "dividing bit map.

The header, in addition to identifying this information field as a SBM separator card, contains an information field about the recording layer and a format version field. The information field about the recording layer indicates the recording layer [for example, "Layer 0" (Layer 0) or "Layer 1" (Layer 1)], which is associated with the card of separation bits "SBM". The format version field indicates the version of the format to which the "SBM" separation bit map corresponds.

As shown in FIG. 4B, SBM separation card information is prepared for each selected area of the disk, and the need for updating the SBM separation card is determined by the user, manufacturer of the disk, or “master” (hereinafter, everyone collectively refers to this word).

In particular, the SBM separation bit map information includes start location information (“PSN” number of the first physical sector of the start cluster) of each area, information about the length of the corresponding area, and bit map data for each area. In one embodiment of the present invention, the bitmap information is only updated when start location information and length information are specified. This method is called the on / off function of the separator card "SBM" and serves to actively meet the various requests of the "host". In addition, when using a “BD-WO” format disc, if the conditions of use correspond to the recording in real time, the defect management function may not be performed. In this case, the spare area is not allocated, and updating the SBM dividing bit map of the corresponding area is not required.

Moreover, in one particular case, only the user area, i.e. the area where user data is recorded can be controlled by the SBM dividing bit map, and the SBM dividing bit map will not be updated with changes in other areas. The operation according to this embodiment of the invention is more efficient, since if the SBM separation card is always updated when the control information changes, frequent updates of the SBM separation card may be required. This embodiment of the invention can prevent the rapid use of the TDMA defect management zone available on the disc. As a result, if you want to update only the SBM separation card of the user data area using the on / off SBM separation card function without updating the remaining area, the start location information and the length information of other areas are reduced to a certain value, for example, to zero.

As will be clear from the foregoing, with each update of the SBM separation bit map, a new SBM + TDDS data block is written to the TDMA temporary defect management zone, where the SBM separation bit map provides a cumulative indication of the disk state protocol. Thus, with each update of the SBM separation bit map, the temporary structure of the TDDS disc definition is also updated, in particular, to indicate a new location of the SBM separation bit map.

Figure 5 presents another example of a single-layer write-once optical disc made in accordance with the present invention. However, as with the examples shown in FIGS. 1-4B, this embodiment may be applicable to a multilayer recording medium. In the indicated embodiment of the present invention, an area for recording an SBM separator card, which defines disc usage status information, is provided separately in a specific area of the disc.

As shown in the figure, a temporary TDMA defect management zone for recording a TDFL + TDDS data block is provided in the control areas (start or end) of the disc. For control areas with fixed sizes, for example, as an initial area, the temporary defect management area “TDMA” (eg, the temporary defect management area “TDMA1”) has a fixed size. A temporary defect management zone “TDMA” (for example, a temporary defect management zone “TDMA2”) may also be located in an external spare area “OSA0” having a variable size, as a result of which this temporary defect management zone “TDMA” is also of a variable size. In addition, an area for recording the SBM card is provided in a specific area of the disc, for example in the external spare area "OSA0". In this example, the “SBM” separation bit map area located in the external “OSA0” spare area has a fixed size (for example, Q clusters). However, the zone of the "SBM" separating bit map may also be located in an area that is not an external reserve area "OSA0".

In this embodiment of the present invention, the “TDFL + TDDS” data unit is recorded and updated in the same manner as described in detail with reference to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4B, and therefore, it is not necessary to describe it again in detail. In addition, the SBM separation bit map in this embodiment has a structure similar to that described in detail above with reference to FIG. 4B, therefore, its detailed description is also omitted here.

Figure 5 shows the recording of the "SBM + TDDS" data block in the area of the "SBM" separation card, but the developer is free to choose what information to record, so only the SBM separation card record is included in the scope of the present invention.

Compared to the first embodiment, this second embodiment provides for additional information in the TDDS disc definition temporary structure. As shown above, information about the location of the beginning and about the size of the zone of the SBM separation bit map is additionally included in the temporary TDDS disc definition structure for managing the separately provided SBM separation bit map zone. The location and size information are indicated as information fields ("First PSN of SBM" - "PSN" number of the first physical sector of the "SBM" separation card) and ("The size of SBM" - Size of the "SBM" separation card) . Like the first embodiment, this second embodiment includes location information of the last temporary TDFL and the last SBM. In Fig. 5, arrows are used to show how the last temporary TDDS disc definition structure indicates ( for example, provides location information) to information about the latest TDFL temporary defect list and about the last SBM separation bit map so that the information needed to manage the disk can be efficiently and It is easy to obtain.

6 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus in accordance with the present invention. As shown, the A / V encoder 9 receives and encodes data (e.g., static image data, audio and video data). A / B encoder 9 provides encoded data along with coding information and stream attribute information. A multiplexer 8 multiplexes the encoded data based on coding information and stream attribute information in order to create a transport stream, for example, in MPEG-2 format. The primary packetizer 7 combines the transport packets from the multiplexer 8 into the transmitted packets in accordance with the audio and video format of the optical disc. As shown in FIG. 6, the operation of the A / B encoder 9, the multiplexer 8, and the primary packetizer 7 is controlled by the controller 10. The controller 10 receives an input command from the user to write and provides control information to the encoder 9, the multiplexer 8 and the primary packetizer 7. For example, the controller 10 issues a command to the encoder 9 to perform the specified type of encoding, issues a command to the multiplexer 8 to create a transport stream, and issues a command to the primary packetizer 7 to format the transmitted chum. The controller 10 additionally controls the drive 3 in order to write to the optical disk data produced by the primary packaging device 7.

The controller 10 also generates navigation and control information to control the playback of data recorded on the optical disk. For example, the controller 10 controls the drive 3 to write to the optical disk one or more data structures in accordance with Fig.1-6.

During playback or subsequent recording, the controller 10 may control the drive 3 to reproduce the specified data structure. Based on the information contained in it, as well as the input signal from the user received through the user interface (for example, using the control buttons on recording and playback devices or a remote device associated with these devices), the controller 10 controls the drive 3 for playback and / or write data to an optical disc.

Reproducible transmitted packets are received by the primary depacketizer 4 and converted into a data stream (for example, an MPEG-2 transport packet stream). Demultiplexer 5 demultiplexes the data stream into encoded data. A / B decoder 6 decodes the encoded data into the original data received by encoder 9. During playback, the controller 10 controls the operation of the depacketting device 4, demultiplexer 5 and the A / B decoder 6. The controller 10 receives input commands from the user to perform the playback operation and provides control information to A / V decoder 6, demultiplexer 5 and primary depacketizer 4. For example, controller 10 gives a command to decoder 9 to execute a given type of decoding, a command to demultiplexer 5 to demultiple Eksekirovaniya transport stream and the command in the primary device depaketirovaniya 4 to format the transmitted packets.

Although a recording and reproducing apparatus is explained in FIG. 6, it should be understood that it is possible to create a recording-only or reproducing-only apparatus using the corresponding parts of the apparatus of FIG. 6, providing only recording or reproducing functions.

The data structure and method for controlling at least the data region of the recording medium with a high recording density, presented in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, enables efficient and progressive use of a write-once recording medium such as a BD-WO standard disc.

Industrial application

As follows from the above description, the present invention provides methods and devices for recording a data structure on a recording medium with a high recording density to control at least the data area of the recording medium.

Although the invention has been disclosed in a limited number of embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate its many modifications and variations due to this disclosure. For example, although the description relates to a write-once Blu-ray optical disc, the present invention is not limited to this optical disc standard or to optical discs per se. The proposed claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A recording medium provided with a data structure for managing a data area of a recording medium, comprising a defect management area in which the first data unit is stored, said first data unit containing first information including a recording state of the data area; the second information, including a list of defects, and the third information, including the first pointer indicating the address where the first information is recorded. 2. The recording medium according to claim 1, where the first information indicates the recording status of the data area for a single recording element based on the recording element. 3. The recording medium according to claim 2, where the first data unit includes at least one unit of record. 4. The recording medium according to claim 1, where the third information contains a second pointer indicating the address where the second information is recorded. 5. The recording medium according to claim 1, where the address indicates the number of the first physical sector of the location where the first information is recorded. 6. The recording medium according to claim 5, where the first and second pointers identify the first and second information, and this information is the latest information at the time when the third information is recorded. 7. The method of recording control data on a recording medium, which consists in the fact that the first data block is recorded in the defect management zone, and the first information including the recording state of the data area, the second information including the defect list, and the third information including the first pointer indicating the address where it is recorded in the first data block first information. 8. The recording method according to claim 7, in which the third information includes a second pointer indicating the address where the second information is recorded. 9. The recording method of claim 8, in which the first and second pointers identify the latest first and second information at the time when the third information is recorded. 10. A method of reproducing data from a recording medium, which consists in the fact that reproducing at least a portion of the data recorded on the recording medium based on the first data block recorded in the defect management area of the recording medium, the first data block containing first information including information about a recording status of the data area, second information including a list defects, and third information, including a first pointer indicating the address where the first information is recorded. 11. The reproducing method of claim 10, wherein a second pointer is obtained from the third information indicating the address where the second information is recorded. 12. The playback method according to claim 11, in which, using the first and second pointers, determine the latest first and second information at the time when the third information is recorded.

Images