RU2340465C1 - Stand for mounting and demounting of heavy hauler wheel tire and suspension for wheel gripping - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: stand contains frame, lower support elements, hydraulic press with traveling column, detachable traverse made in the form of structure of radially located along circle plate brackets with installed on them retainers with possibility of their position regulation, moved by drive rest pad for wheel and its elements made in the form of L-shaped levers rigidly connected with each other. On each L-shaped lever two retainer-turnbuckles are pivotally installed with stop with denticle fixed on their free ends to remove detachable set ring. Suspension for wheel gripping contains frame on which retention mechanism in the form of tube is rigidly fixed on which mechanism traverse member in the form of tube is loosely installed with possibility of longitudinal travel. This traverse member is pivotally connected with tubular thrust beams loosely installed in corresponding tubes of horizontal arms of grippers. Loop for suspension lifting by hoisting machine is attached to traverse member.

EFFECT: simplification of mounting and demounting tires of heavy haulers.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to road transport, and in particular to equipment for capturing and moving, disassembling and mounting tires of wheels of mining dump trucks of large and especially heavy lifting capacity.

Known stands for disassembling and assembling wheels of heavy vehicles containing a frame, a table, a hydraulic system for extruding and removing the rim from the tire, a mechanism for expanding and fixing the locking ring, consisting of rigid wedge supports and retractable stops, evenly spaced around the circumference and located in the upper part frames. These are stands of vertical type, they contain coaxially located vertical upper and lower power cylinders. (USSR author's certificate No. 532539, IPC В60С 25/08, publ. 1976, bull. No. 39, as well as copyright certificates based on it No. 108007, 1119861, 1131682, 1220926, 1298101, 1643193, 1671480).

However, the stand according to the certificate of authorship No. 532539 is intended for use in an automobile plant, equipped with roller tables for mounting a wheel on a stand and removing tires and rims; it has large dimensions, which hinders its use in cramped garage conditions; According to copyright certificates No. 1220926, 1671480 and the RF patent No. 20149435, improved tire-changing stands are installed stationary with a recess in relation to the floor, and in the stand according to copyright certificate No. 1299801, the bench table for placing the wheel is mounted on the frame with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane from the additional hydraulic cylinder.

Known stands containing a power cylinder, a support platform and a removable mechanism with stops for upsetting the bead ring with a traverse tire. In the stand according to the author's certificate of the USSR No. 362713, B60C 25/08, the traverse (cross) is fixed to the rod of the power cylinder by means of a pin, and the supporting table is mounted on the power cylinder. In the stand according to copyright certificate No. 383635, the connection of the traverse (mounting head) with the hydraulic cylinder is made quick, for example, bayonet-mounted.

In the well-known stand for the dismantling and installation of tire wheels (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1004157, IPC B60C 25/08, publ. 1983, bull. No. 10), a traverse (tire puller) is mounted on the upper part of the frame, which is installed relative to the lower part with the possibility of rotation around the horizontal axis and is equipped with a mechanism for its rotation and a counterweight; a pressure disk with wheel alignment elements is installed on the rod of the hydraulic power cylinder for lifting the wheel.

In the stand according to copyright certificate No. 1122523, B60C 25/08, the removable traverse is equipped with a beam with grippers for the wheels, stops (punches) and elements for fixing the traverse on the press knee.

The disadvantages of the known stands with removable traverses are their bulkiness, as well as the likelihood of misalignment of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders or central columns installed on the power hydraulic cylinders. To eliminate distortions, various devices are provided that complicate the design of the stand. So, in a known stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy truck containing a frame, lower support elements, a removable traverse with punches (stops) for upholstering the side ring with the tire, the hydraulic press contains two cylinders, the rods of which are connected by means of ball bearings to the base of the central columns, and the guiding elements are installed in the through grooves of the central column. (USSR author's certificate No. 1643192, B60C 25/132, publ. 1991). This stand allows for the dismantling and installation of wheels without distortions of the hydraulic cylinder rods, and therefore, to increase the reliability of the stand and increase the service life of the hydraulic cylinders. The disadvantage of the stand is that it has large dimensions, is installed stationary with a recess in relation to the floor.

Closest to the claimed one is a stand for mounting and mounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy vehicle, comprising a frame, lower support elements, a removable traverse with upper stops, a hydraulic press with a column, guiding elements for moving the column, a support platform for the wheel and its elements moved by the drive, electro-hydraulic control system. (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1122523, B60C 25/08, Publ. 1984).

The claimed invention provides for an easy-to-use stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy truck.

Known suspension for capturing the wheels of automobiles, containing a three-beam frame with grips installed in each beam, which are connected by chains to the eyes on the earring with a loop, and equipped with a mechanism for fixing the position of the grippers. (Utility model of the Russian Federation No. 37672, publ. 2004). The disadvantage is the complexity of the fixation mechanism. The famous suspension is designed to capture the wheels of cars with a lifting capacity of up to 55 tons.

A suspension for gripping a wheel is known, comprising a frame on which the grips are pivotally mounted and a locking mechanism is rigidly fixed, on which a traverse is freely mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement, pivotally connected to spacer beams that are connected to the gripping shoulders. (http://reg-m.ru/index.php?page=products&tid=100618.). Prototype.

The disadvantage is the lack of reliability of the connection of the arms of the grippers with spacer beams.

The technical result that can be obtained by using the inventive stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy vehicle and a suspension for gripping a wheel is to expand the arsenal of technical means used for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy truck, as well as suspensions for gripping a wheel of a vehicle.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that, according to the first object of the invention, in a stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy truck containing a frame, lower supporting elements, a removable traverse with upper stops, a hydraulic press with a column, guiding elements for moving the column, a supporting platform moved by the drive for wheels and its elements and an electro-hydraulic control system, lower support elements are mounted on the frame in the rails with the possibility of regulating their position in the radial the board, the guiding elements for moving the column in a vertical plane on the frame are rigidly mounted racks, the hydraulic press is made in the form of power hydraulic cylinders located inside the column, the housing of the power hydraulic cylinders are mounted on the frame between the racks, and the rods are rigidly connected to the column, the column is made in the form hollow structure with grooves in its upper part for the lock connection of the removable traverse, guides for moving the support platform for wheel housing and its elements, the supporting platform is made in the form of L-shaped levers rigidly connected to each other, on each L-shaped lever two emphasis-turnbuckles are mounted pivotally with an emphasis fixed on their free ends to remove the removable seat ring; the removable traverse is made in the form of a structure of plate brackets radially spaced around the circumference at a distance from each other according to the grooves in the upper part of the column, the cover is connected to the brackets with a gap by a bracket, on which the bosses are rigidly fixed from below to install them in the upper grooves of the column, and rigidly from above a part of the bracket is fixed for gripping it with a lifting mechanism, upper stops are installed on the plate brackets with the possibility of adjusting their position, the column can be made in the cross-section is multifaceted, the column can be made in the form of a structure of four plates located symmetrically to the axis of the column and rigidly connected to each other by means of a welded cross-shaped structure on which the rods of the power hydraulic cylinders are fixed, the cases of the power hydraulic cylinders can be mounted on the frame in a welded rigidly fixed between the racks cross-shaped design, the racks in the preferred embodiment are made in cross section in the form of a corner, but can be in the form of another figure - semi-half, onion, channel, hydraulic press contains power cylinders in an amount of from 1 to 5, in the preferred embodiment, 4; racks are installed on the frame in an amount of at least three, the preferred amount is 4, the support platform contains L-shaped levers in an amount of 3 or 4, preferably 4; L-shaped levers are rigidly interconnected by metal plates; racks are installed symmetrically to the axis of the column; electro-hydraulic control system includes oil station, pump, pipelines, control panel; and according to the second object of the invention, in the suspension for gripping a wheel containing a frame on which the grips are pivotally mounted and a fixing mechanism is rigidly fixed, on which the traverse is freely mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement, pivotally connected to the spacer beams that are connected to the gripping shoulders, horizontal gripper shoulders made in the form of pipes pivotally mounted on the frame, spacer beams made in the form of pipes freely installed in the corresponding pipes of the horizontal arms of the grippers, the fixation mechanism tion and cross member are formed as tubes with holes for their fastening by, for example pin, fixed on the traverse suspension loop for lifting the lifting mechanism on the horizontal shoulders of the grippers are fixed counterweights.

The claimed invention meets the criteria of "novelty", "inventive step" and "industrial applicability", since the claimed design of the tire stand and suspension for gripping the wheel, unknown from the prior art, a number of technical solutions, such as the use of stop-lanyards in tire stands, are not obvious for specialists. The stand is designed for use in an industrial environment and is manufactured in an industrial environment.

Figure 1 shows a stand, a General view; figure 2 - suspension for capturing the wheels of the car.

A stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy truck contains a frame 1, lower support elements 2 mounted on the frame 1 with the possibility of regulating their position in the radial direction in the guides 3, a hydraulic press with a column 4, a removable cross-beam in the form of a structure made of radially arranged around the circumference lamellar brackets 5 mounted on them with the possibility of adjusting the position of the upper stops 6, cover 7, guiding elements for moving the column 4 in a vertical plane, as on the frame there are racks 8, moved by the drive 9 along the guides 10, the support pad 11 for the wheel and its elements, the support pad 11 is made in the form of L-shaped levers rigidly connected to each other by plates 12, two stops are pivotally mounted on each L-shaped lever - a hoop 13 with a stop fixed to its free ends with a clove 14 for removing a removable landing ring; the hydraulic press is made in the form of power hydraulic cylinders 15 located inside the column, the bodies of which are mounted on the frame between the racks, and the rods are rigidly connected to the column; the column is made in the form of a hollow structure with grooves in its upper part for the castle connection of the removable traverse, guides 10 are fixed on the outer sides of the racks for movement by the drive 9 of the support platform 11 for placing the wheel and its elements; with brackets, a cover 7 is connected to the gap by the bracket 17, on which the bosses 16 are rigidly fixed from below to install them in the upper grooves of the column, and part of the bracket 17 is rigidly fixed on top to be gripped by a load-lifting mechanism. Column 4 can be made in the cross section of a multifaceted, for example octagonal; the column can be made in the form of a design of four plates located symmetrically to the axis of the column and rigidly connected to each other by means of a welded cross-shaped structure on which the rods of the power hydraulic cylinders are fixed; cases of power hydraulic cylinders can be mounted on the frame in a welded cruciform structure rigidly fixed between the posts. Racks in the preferred embodiment are made in cross section in the form of a corner, but can be in the form of another figure - a half-shaft, a semicircle, a channel. The hydraulic press contains power hydraulic cylinders in an amount of from 1 to 5, preferably 4; racks are installed on the frame in an amount of at least three, the preferred number is 4. The support platform contains L-shaped levers in the amount of 3 or 4, preferably 4. L-shaped levers are rigidly interconnected by metal plates 12. Racks 8 are mounted symmetrically to the axis of the column . Lamellar brackets 5 are located at a distance from each other according to the grooves in the upper part of the column 4. Hydraulic cylinders are mounted on the frame as a drive for the support platform. The stand is equipped with a suspension for gripping a wheel (FIG. 2), comprising a frame 20, grippers 21, a locking mechanism 22, on which a yoke 23 is freely mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement, on which spacer beams 24 are connected via hinges 31, connected with horizontal gripping arms 25 moreover, the horizontal shoulders of the grippers 25 are made in the form of pipes mounted on the frame 20 using hinges 30, the spacer beams 24 are made in the form of pipes freely mounted in the corresponding pipes of the horizontal shoulders of the grippers 25, the fixing mechanism 22 and traverse 23 are made in the form of pipes with holes 26 for securing them by, for example, kingpin 27, counterweights 28 are fixed on the horizontal arms of the grippers 25, a loop 29 is fixed on the traverse 23 for lifting the suspension with a lifting mechanism, plates 32 are mounted on the ends of the grippers.

The stand works as follows.

Before installing the wheel on the stand, the air in the wheel tire chamber is released, and the wheel lock ring is on top.

Turn on the pump motor. The working fluid under pressure enters the control valves, through which the hydraulic cylinders of the hydraulic press and the supporting platform are controlled.

Wheel mounting on the stand and tire dismantling

The traverse with the upper stops 6 is removed from the stand. Column 4 is raised to its highest position.

With a crane using a wheel gripper, the wheel is mounted on top of the column. By controlling the valve control lever, pressure is supplied to the rod cavity of the power hydraulic cylinders 15 of the hydraulic press. The rods begin to retract. Due to this, column 4 with the wheel begins to descend smoothly. The lower support elements 2 are installed under the wheel rim. When the wheel with its rim rests on the lower support elements 2, the wheel gripper is released. Turn off the power hydraulic cylinders 15. With a crane, the wheel gripping device is removed from the stand, after which the crosshead with the upper stops 6 is installed with a crane and fixed with its cover 7, the protrusions (bosses) of which enter the grooves of the column 4 and close the crossarm in the column. The upper stops 6 are mounted above the removable wheel seat ring. They apply pressure to the rod cavity of the power hydraulic cylinders, the column begins to lower together with the traverse down. The upper stops 6 shift down the removable landing and side rings, while freeing the locking ring and rubber gasket. Then raise the column 4 and the support platform 11 to a height that allows you to reinstall the lower support elements 2, and reinstall them under the lower side ring. The upper stops 6 are reinstalled over the wheel rim. By applying pressure to the rod cavity of the power hydraulic cylinders, the column 4 with the traverse is lowered down, the upper stops 6 of which transmit the force to the wheel rim and the support platform 11, the latter smoothly descends with the wheel down to the stop of the side ring in the lower supporting elements 2. By further movement of the column 4 s the upper stops 6 downward, they press out the rim from the tire, which is sent to the supporting platform 11 and with it lowers to the lowest position.

If the removable landing and side rings are “stuck” to the tire, they are extruded using the stop-lanyards 13 mounted on the stand with the stops with teeth 14 fixed to their ends. For this, the screw stop-lanyards are bred so that they can then freely enter lower half of the tire. Using the screws, the lanyards are adjusted so that the special stops at their ends stand opposite the lower end of the removable landing ring, and the teeth are between the removable landing ring and the tire. The screws of the lower lanyards introduce the teeth of the stops between the removable seat ring and the tire until the horizontal stop area is firmly in contact with the lower end of the removable seat ring. Then, the screws press the vertical inner plane of the clove to the outer diameter of the removable seat ring. Set the upper stops 6 in position so that they are pressed into the bead ring during the removal of the removable seat ring. They give pressure to the rod cavity of the power hydraulic cylinders 15, lower the column 4 with a traverse, the upper stops 6 of which transmit the force to the side ring, as a result of which a removable landing ring is pressed out.

The pump is turned off. The lifting mechanism 7 removes the cover 7, then the traverse with the upper stops 6, the locking, side and removable landing ring. Emphasis-lanyards are reduced to the center so that they do not interfere with the removal of the tire and wheel rim. Remove the tire and wheel rim from the stand.

This completes the dismantling process.

Wheel mounting

The tire is mounted on the wheel in the reverse order.

The traverse with the upper stops is removed from the stand. Lower the wheel rim with the bead ring onto the lower support elements 2, install the tire on them, and then the removable seat and bead rings, and the lock ring. A traverse with upper stops is installed on the stand 6. The pressure from the power cylinders through the upper stops 6 is pressed into the tire so that the upper end of the removable landing ring is 10 ... 20 mm lower than the groove on the rim to install the rubber gasket. Put on a rubber gasket, replace the locking ring. Raise the upper stops 6. Pump up the wheel. Remove the cover, traverse and assembled wheel from the stand.

Management of the stand is made from the control panel.

Suspension to capture the wheel works as follows.

In the initial position, the traverse 23 is locked from longitudinal movement by the locking mechanism 22 by means of a pin 27. With a lifting mechanism, the suspension is moved to the wheel and lowered to grab it, the pin 27 is removed, the suspension is lifted by the lifting mechanism. When lifting, the lifting device by the bracket 29 lifts the yoke 23 and the associated spacer beams 24 and horizontal arms of the grippers 25, while the vertical arms of the grippers approach the wheel, grab it and hold it firmly due to the weight of the wheel. In this position, the wheel is safely moved in the desired direction. When lowering the wheel, for example, when installing it on the lower stops of the stand or in the storage location, the grips open under the action of the counterweights 28, freeing the wheel. The yoke 23 is lowered onto the frame 20, after which the pivot 27 fixes the yoke 23 on the locking mechanism 22, and therefore fixes the open position of the grippers. After that, the suspension to move the wheel is moved to a predetermined place by a load-gripping mechanism.

The proposed stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy truck and a suspension for gripping a wheel can reduce the use of manual labor and the complexity of the work performed, increase labor productivity, ensure work safety, improve the conditions for servicing and repairing cars.

Thus, the inventive stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy vehicle and a suspension for gripping a wheel are new original designs characterized by simplicity in manufacture and operation. They can be used for mounting and dismounting tires of wheels of heavy vehicles of various sizes. The use of the inventive stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy vehicle and a suspension for gripping a wheel will allow to achieve a technical result consisting in expanding the arsenal of technical means used for mounting and dismantling a tire of a wheel of a heavy vehicle, as well as suspensions for gripping the wheel.

Claims (5)

1. A stand for mounting and dismounting a tire of a wheel of a heavy truck, comprising a frame, lower support elements, a removable traverse with upper stops, a hydraulic press with a column, guiding elements for moving the column, a support platform moved by the drive for the wheel and its elements, and an electro-hydraulic control system characterized in that the lower support elements are mounted on the frame in the rails with the possibility of regulating their position in the radial direction, as guide elements for moving the columns in a vertical plane on the frame are rigidly mounted racks, the hydraulic press is made in the form of power hydraulic cylinders located inside the column, the housing of the power hydraulic cylinders are mounted on the frame between the racks, and the rods are connected to the column, the column is made in the form of a hollow structure with grooves in its upper part for the lock connection of the removable traverse, on the outer sides of the racks are fixed guides for movement by the drive of the support platform for placing the wheel and its elements, the support platform is made in the form two levers rigidly connected to each other, on each L-shaped lever two emphasis-turnbuckles are mounted pivotally with a stop fixed on their free ends with a tooth for removing the removable seat ring, the removable traverse is made in the form of a design of plate brackets radially arranged around the circumference on the distance between each other, respectively, the grooves in the upper part of the column, with the brackets connected to the gap by a bracket, a lid on which the bosses are rigidly fixed from below to install them in the upper grooves of the columns s, and the top part of the bracket is rigidly attached to lifting its gripping mechanism mounted on the upper bracket mounting plate rests with the ability to regulate their position. 2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the column is made in cross section of a multifaceted, for example octagonal. 3. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the column is made in the form of a structure of four plates located symmetrically to the axis of the column and rigidly interconnected by means of a welded cross-shaped structure on which the rods of the power hydraulic cylinders are fixed. 4. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the cases of power hydraulic cylinders are mounted on the frame in a welded cross-shaped structure rigidly fixed between the posts. 5. Suspension for gripping a wheel, comprising a frame on which the grips are pivotally mounted and a fixing mechanism is rigidly fixed, on which a traverse is freely mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement, pivotally connected to spacer beams that are connected to the gripper shoulders, characterized in that the horizontal gripper shoulders made in the form of pipes pivotally mounted on the frame, spacer beams made in the form of pipes freely installed in the corresponding pipes of the horizontal arms of the grippers, the locking mechanism and the yoke olneny in the form of tubes with holes for their fastening by means of, e.g., pin, fixed on the traverse suspension loop for lifting the lifting mechanism on the horizontal shoulders of the grippers are fixed counterweights.

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