RU2338832C1 - Method of purification and restoration of biological ponds of purification plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water construction purification.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydromechanisation namely to technology of purification and restoration of biological ponds of purification plants. Method of purification and restoration of biological ponds of purification plants includes intake of silt sediments with suction dredge from the bottom of multi-sectional pond and their transportation to sedimentation tanks. Pond is divided into two working areas of treatment, the latter is connected by means of additional input collector with sewage-water supplying canal in direction of sewage water flow motion, the former is blanked off, and construction of ground dam in area of purification is carried out as protective means. After that step-by-step purification of area is performed, for this purpose trench in silt sediments layer is sucked off by suction dredge, after that clarified water is pumped out and discharged into diversion canal. Silt sediments are collected in flowing state and transported either to silt sites or to sedimentation tanks. After that compressed silt sediments are dried by means of active ventilation and removed layer by layer as upper layer dries. After complete removal of silt sediments, base, bed of purified pond section, is restored, and said procedures are step-by-step repeated in successive purification of all sections of first area. Before purification of second working area round dam is erected again in last section of first working area of treatment, separating it from second working area, which is blanked off. First working area is joined to additional output collector with branch duct and opened, after which purification and restoration of sections of second working area are carried out. After finishing purification works ground dam, which was re-erected between two working areas, additional input and output collectors are removed, and second working area of pond is opened for functioning.

EFFECT: ensuring possibility of functioning of purification plants biological ponds without stopping them for purification.

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Description

The invention relates to hydromechanization, in particular to the technology for cleaning and restoration of biological ponds of treatment facilities.

Wastewater treatment in large cities is carried out at aeration treatment plants, which are a complex engineering structure.

In the technology of wastewater treatment, biological ponds, sedimentation tanks and storage areas, which have significant areas, are mandatory.

Biological ponds built 20–30 years ago under the Giprovodkommunvodokanal projects of the Ministry of Housing and Public Utilities of the RSFSR, Moscow, Rybny, 1974 are currently failing due to siltation, therefore, further operation of existing treatment facilities requires cleaning and restoration of biological ponds, while it is desirable to in some cases, it is necessary to use a treatment technology in which the functioning of biological ponds for the duration of treatment would be preserved.

It is known that for hydromechanized cleaning of drainage wells, canals and other water bodies, sludge pumps are used (see RF application No. 2005107046/22), through which sludge is pumped in the form of pulp into a tank mounted on the chassis of the machine, and then from it - to sedimentation tanks, drainage system, etc. Moreover, the pulp consistency does not exceed 10%, i.e. pumping and transportation of 10% sludge and 90% water. It was found that sludge from the pulp settles slowly and to clarify the water, which would be possible, in accordance with technical standards, to send to rivers, ponds, etc. significant areas are required for settling tanks. For example, with the area of biological ponds up to 20 hectares, in the amount of 2 pcs., The average siltation depth of 2 m and the volume of formed sludge, which must be removed from the ponds to ensure the possibility of their further operation, up to 800,000 m ³ , it will be necessary to pump the pulp up to 8,000,000 m ³ , which will practically require a huge number of sedimentation tanks, equipment, respectively, the availability of both significant free areas and finances, which makes such cleaning and restoration of biological ponds of treatment facilities impossible.

It is known that for cleaning and deepening small rivers, reservoirs, canals, irrigation ditches, etc. they use various both universal and specialized dredgers with soil disintegrants, soil sampling devices, ejection pumps, etc., providing soil sampling with the maximum permissible pulp concentration, and either its direct discharge outside the development site, or the evacuation of soil or silt to a distance 25 ÷ 30 meters to the sludge sludge sites, or to the sumps (see, for example, RF patent No. 2230159).

The objective of the invention was to develop a high-performance and economical method of cleaning and restoring biological multi-section ponds of treatment facilities, ensuring the possibility of their functioning without stopping for treatment.

The technical result is achieved by the proposed method for cleaning and restoring biological ponds of treatment facilities, including a multi-section pond, connected by means of a regular intake manifold to a sewage supply channel and an exhaust manifold with a drain channel consisting in collecting silt deposits by a dredger from the bottom of the pond, and transporting them to settling tanks, according to which is previously divided into a multi-section pond into two working processing zones, the second of which, along the stream entering the pond, is one hundred water, connect an additional intake manifold to the channel supplying wastewater, and the first is drowned and barrage works are carried out by erecting in the section to be cleaned a soil dam in the form of a continuation of the barrier earth wall separating the sections from each other, and then the sections of the first zone are directly cleaned in stages, on the first of which a dredger, located on the shore, is selected in the middle of the section, along the dam and the protective earthen rampart, a trench in the thickness of caked silt deposits to their entire depth, in the second, a dredger is installed on the surface of the water above the trench in the lowest part and the clarified water is pumped out with its discharge into the drainage channel, and at the third stage, the dredger collects the first layer of silt sediment - pump out the silt sediment in a fluid state, dumping them to regular sludge settlers or to sludge sites, after which the dredger is removed to the shore and air drying is carried out at the fourth stage with active ventilation of packed sludge sediments followed by their layering a new excavation as the top layer is dried and transported by motor vehicles to the storage sites; and then restore for subsequent use the base - the bed of the cleaned section by cleaning, planning, laying a waterproof film and filling the sand cushion, then block the next section with a dirt dam and stage-by-stage cleaning it as described above, after which the soil dam is removed from the first section and transfer it to the next third section and restore the base - the bed under the cleaned dam in the second section, then the immediate cleaning step by step they are repeated until all sections of the biological pond are completely empty, while after cleaning the first zone, before cleaning the second zone located behind the additional intake manifold, the aforementioned last collector and the regular exhaust manifold are muffled, the section dam in front of the additional intake manifold is re-erected, and the plug from the regular intake manifold in the first zone, remove and connect the first pond treatment zone with an additional bypass collector to the bypass channel, after Nia purification of pond sections embankment dams, seals and additional inlet and outlet manifolds removed, opening a second working zone of the pond to its operation in the full screen.

The proposed implementation of the proposed method for cleaning and restoration of biological ponds of treatment facilities in the aggregate of all the described essential features allows to achieve the required technical result, namely, to provide a productivity increase of ~ 6 times compared with the hydromechanical cleaning method. This is due to the fact that the flowing sludge hydromass (sludge deposits) after removal from the section of water is not diluted with water and is pumped into sedimentation tanks with a consistency of up to 60%, which in turn provides a reduction in all types of costs, as well as the required number of areas for settling tanks required in them silt sediments in a fluid state, respectively 6 times.

In addition, according to experimental data, it was found that up to 30% of caked silt remains on the base - the bed of the pond, which, after drying, is transported to the storage site where it is burnt.

The proposed method allows to reduce several times (~ 3-4 times) the required number of areas for storage of dried sludge in comparison with the number of similar areas required during the development and pumping of sludge by the hydromechanical method in the form of pulp through pipes; thereby, in general, the method allows to reduce the cost of construction of sedimentation tanks and storage sites, energy costs for the transportation of pulp (hydromass) and to ensure uninterrupted operation of treatment facilities during the cleaning of biological ponds.

When cleaning the muffled first zone of the pond, the second zone due to the additional inlet collector is open for discharged wastewater and, conversely, when cleaning the second closed zone of the pond, the first operates due to the presence of an additional exhaust manifold.

The proposed method is illustrated by schematic drawings,

where figure 1 shows a diagram of the design of biological ponds of treatment facilities and the process of their functioning when performing work on cleaning and restoration of ponds (cleaning and restoration of sections I - II - III - IV during the functioning of sections V - VI - VII - VIII);

figure 2 - the same, cleaning and restoration of sections V - VI - VII - VIII with the functioning of sections I - II - III - IV;

figure 3 is a silted section of a biological pond in section;

figure 4 - the process of cutting a trench dredger from the surface of the water;

figure 5 - the process of pumping sludge in a fluid state (hydromass) dredger from a separate section;

figure 6 - the process of removing the dredger with a bulldozer on the completed trench;

in Fig.7 - the process of active ventilation of sludge in the section of the biological pond;

on Fig - loading and transportation of caked and dried mass of sludge.

Figure 1 schematically shows the design of biological multi-section ponds of treatment facilities and the process of their functioning when performing work on cleaning and restoration of ponds.

Along the biological pond 1, made multi-section, pass the main dam 2 and the wastewater inlet channel 3, which is connected to the biological pond through a regular intake manifold 4.

To drain wastewater from pond 1, a regular exhaust manifold 5 and a discharge channel 6 were made.

Over the entire length of the pond between the inlet and outlet headers 4, 5 (respectively), at a certain distance from each other there are protective earthen shafts 7, which divide the pond into separate sections I - VIII and ensure the movement of contaminated wastewater along the serpentine.

In silted sections of I - VIII biological ponds (Fig. 3), clarified, settled water is formed on the surface, forming the first layer of the biological pond, below which silt sediments 8 are in a fluid state - the second layer of the biological pond, and closer to the base - the bed 9 of the pond the third layer is dense caked silt sediment 10.

Dense caked silt sediments 10 are located on a sand cushion 11, under which a waterproof film 12 is spread.

The proposed cleaning and restoration of biological multisection ponds of treatment facilities using a dredger is as follows.

Preliminarily divide the pond into two working zones A, B and connect, for example, the second (along the flow of wastewater) zone B with an additional intake manifold with a feed channel, and the first zone A is connected either before the entire treatment cycle, or after cleaning zone A with the exhaust channel through an additional exhaust manifold, which in the first case, when carrying out treatment work in the first zone A, must be plugged. Barrage work is performed sequentially for each section of the pond during its cleaning by erecting a soil dam. Then stage-by-stage cleaning of the section is carried out, for which a ditch is selected in the thickness of the sludge sediment, then the clarified water is pumped out, dumping it into the bypass channel, and the flowing sludge sediments are transported either to sedimentation tanks or to the sludge pads, and then caked silt deposits are dried by active ventilation. and layer by layer they are removed as the top layer is dried. After carrying out the cleaning work in the section, the foundation — the pond bed — is restored, and at the end of the entire cleaning cycle in all sections of the pond, the soil dam restored between the working areas A and B, additional collectors and plugs, through which all were closed, are removed before the second working zone B is cleaned. collectors for the creation of isolated reservoirs subject to release from silt deposits.

An example of the process of cleaning and restoration of multisectional biological ponds of treatment facilities while maintaining the possibility of their functioning and reducing the area for sedimentation tanks.

Pre-prepare the treatment area.

To do this, connect the biological pond 1 with the channel 3 leading the wastewater, mainly in the middle, by laying an additional intake manifold 13 through the main dam 2, dividing the pond into two working zones A and B.

рабочей зоны А.Install the plug 14 on the regular intake manifold 4 of the first section

work area A.

секцию биологического пруда грунтовой плотиной 15 путем ее возведения в виде продолжения заградительного земляного вала 7, отделяющего первую секцию от последующей, второй секции

. Затем производят земснарядом непосредственную очистку первой секции

биологического пруда следующей последовательностью операций.Overlap

section of a biological pond with an earth dam 15 by erecting it in the form of a continuation of the protective earthen rampart 7 separating the first section from the subsequent, second section

. Then, the dredger directly cleans the first section

biological pond with the following sequence of operations.

вдоль заградительного вала 7 и плотины 15 выбирают траншею 17 шириной не менее 5 м и глубиной до основания - ложа 9 пруда.At the first stage, the dredger 16 in the middle of the section from the water surface

along the barrier shaft 7 and dam 15, a trench 17 is chosen with a width of at least 5 m and a depth to the base - a bed 9 of the pond.

At the second stage, a dredger is installed on the surface of the water above the trench 17 in its lowest part. Produce a pumping water dredger with the discharge of water into the bypass channel 6.

In the third stage, at the end of the discharge of clarified water, the dredger is switched to pumping sludge 8 in a fluid state by laying a slurry pipe to discharge the slurry either to the sludge pits or to the settlers.

In the fourth stage, after the removal of fluid silt sediments 8, the dredger 16 is pulled with a bulldozer 18 to the shore along the prepared trench 17.

On the shore in the alignment of the trench 17 completed, heat fans 19 are installed on both sides.

One of the fans is turned on, depending on the direction of atmospheric air currents (in the direction of the wind) at the moment, and the caked silt deposits 10 and the base — bed 9 of the pond — are actively ventilated to speed up drying.

As the remaining sludge mass and the bottom of the trench 17 dry out, the congresses are poured with sandy soil into the trench, excavation of the dried up top layer of sludge by an excavator 20 and their transportation by truck 21 to the storage sites are carried out.

затем на подготовленное основание - ложе 9 очищенной секции укладывают водонепроницаемую пленку 12 и засыпают пленку 12 песчаной подушкой 11.After the removal of silt sediments 10 and sandy layer 11, restoration is carried out - cleaning and planning of the base of the bed of the 9th section

then on the prepared base - bed 9 of the cleaned section, lay a waterproof film 12 and cover the film 12 with a sand cushion 11.

грунтовой плотиной и производят очистку секции

по описанной выше последовательности операций.Cover the next section

soil dam and clean the section

according to the above sequence of operations.

первой зоны А обработки убирают грунтовую плотину 15 из секции

и переносят ее на секцию

.After cleaning the section

the first treatment zone A remove the soil dam 15 from the section

and transfer it to the section

.

и далее операции по очистке секций повторяются до земляного вала 7, за которым установлен дополнительный впускной коллектор 13.Planning, laying a film and a sand cushion under a cleaned dam in a cleaned section

and further, the cleaning operations of the sections are repeated until the earthen shaft 7, behind which an additional intake manifold 13 is installed.

-й зоне, расположенной перед дополнительным впускным коллектором 13, возведенную грунтовую плотину 15 в очищенной секции убирают, восстанавливают основание - ложе 9 пруда под убранной плотиной, прокладывают водонепроницаемую пленку, засыпают песчаную подушку, а плотину 15 на этой секции повторно возводят, отделяя рабочие зоны А и В друг от друга. Прокладывают дополнительный выпускной коллектор 22, соединяя очищенную в середине пруда секцию с отводным каналом 6, и удаляют заглушку 14 на штатном впускном коллекторе 4 первой секции первой зоны А, подготовленной к дальнейшему функционированию. Ставят заглушки на дополнительном впускном 13 и выпускном 5 коллекторах и производят очистку и восстановление оставшихся неочищенных секций V - VIII второй рабочей зоны В пруда аналогичными, описанными выше приемами.After cleaning the section last in

-th zone located in front of the additional intake manifold 13, the erected soil dam 15 in the cleaned section is removed, the base is restored - the bed 9 of the pond under the removed dam, a waterproof film is laid, a sand cushion is covered, and dam 15 on this section is re-erected, separating the working areas A and B apart. An additional exhaust manifold 22 is laid, connecting the section cleaned in the middle of the pond with the drain channel 6, and remove the plug 14 on the standard intake manifold 4 of the first section of the first zone A, prepared for further operation. Plugs are placed on the additional inlet 13 and outlet 5 collectors and the remaining uncleaned sections V - VIII of the second working zone B of the pond are cleaned and restored using the same methods described above.

After cleaning and restoration of the remaining sections, the previously restored soil dam 15 between the working areas A and B is removed and the plug of the exhaust manifold 5 of the last section VIII of the second zone B of the pond is opened. Additional temporary collectors of the outlet 22 and inlet 13 in the middle of the pond are removed, the cleaned and restored biological pond begins to work in full.

The proposed method allows available available means with the lowest energy and financial costs to clean individual sections of multi-section biological ponds of treatment facilities by creating a closed isolated space using a soil dam and additional temporary supply and discharge collectors, which are blocked by removable plugs during the cleaning process, which, in in turn, provides the ability to carry out treatment and restoration work while maintaining operability biological ponds and, accordingly, treatment facilities.

Claims (1)

A method for cleaning and restoring biological ponds of treatment facilities, including collecting silt sediments by a dredger from the bottom of a multi-section pond and transporting them to settling tanks, characterized in that the multi-section pond is preliminarily divided into two treatment zones, the second of which is connected by an additional inlet collector along the sewage stream with a channel supplying sewage, and the first is drowned and barrage is carried out by erecting a soil dam in the section to be cleaned, after which the wire t step by step cleaning of the section, for this, a trench is selected in the thickness of the sludge dredger, then the clarified water is pumped out and dumped into the drainage channel, the sludge is taken in a fluid state and transported either to the sludge sites or to the settlers, after which the packed ones are dried by active ventilation. silt deposits and remove them layer by layer as the top layer dries up, after complete removal of silt deposits, the base is restored - the bed of the cleaned section of the pond, and the above operations are repeated in stages During the sequential cleaning of all sections of the first zone, and before cleaning the second working treatment zone, the soil dam is re-erected in the last section of the first working treatment zone, separating it from the second working zone, which is plugged, and the first is connected by an additional exhaust manifold to the outlet channel and opened, after which stage-by-stage cleaning and restoration of sections of the second working area is carried out, at the end of which remove the soil dam re-erected between the working areas, additional inlet and outlet to collectors, and open the second working area of the pond for functioning.

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