RU2338790C2 - Method of fabrication of cooling plate and cooling plate fabricated by this method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: method includes fabrication of metal case of plate with front and back surfaces and at least with one channel running through plate case under front surface. A metal tube is installed in the channel, the said tube has a radial gap; at that both ends of the tube project out of the channel. Further the tube is fit by pressing in the said channel by means of pressure treatment of plate metal case.

EFFECT: implementation of invention facilitates simplification and reliability of cooling plate fabrication and increases efficiency of cooling of metallurgical furnace case.

35 cl, 15 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The present invention describes a method of manufacturing a refrigerating plate, as well as a refrigerating plate made by this method.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Refrigerated stoves, also called “stove refrigerators”, have been used in blast furnaces for over a hundred years. They are located on the inside of the furnace casing and have internal coolant supply channels that are connected to the furnace cooling water system. Their surface, which is directed inside the furnace, may be lined with refractory material. The connecting pipes of the cooling water are located on the rear side of the refrigerator and are hermetically discharged through the furnace body. The cooling channels of a large number of cooling plates are connected in series and are supplied to the cooling water system using connecting pipes that are discharged through the furnace body.

A few years ago, most of the chillers in blast furnaces were made of cast iron. There are various ways of producing such cast-iron refrigerated stoves. According to the first method, one or more sand casting rods were placed in the mold for casting the body of the refrigerating plate, which formed the coolant supply channels. Then molten iron was poured into the mold. The disadvantage of this method is the difficulties associated with the removal of molding sand from the coolant supply channels, as well as the fact that the coolant supply channels in cast iron often have an inappropriate shape or insufficient service life. In order to avoid the above-mentioned drawbacks, it was proposed to arrange prefabricated steel pipes in a mold and pour them with cast iron. However, such cast-iron refrigerated plates with steel pipes were unsatisfactory. In fact, due to the diffusion of carbon of cast iron into steel pipes, the latter become brittle and can crack.

As an alternative to cast-iron plates, copper, and later steel, cooling plates were developed. For the manufacture of copper "plate refrigerators" have been proposed various methods of production.

In the beginning, an attempt was made to produce copper refrigeration pipes using casting by forming, the internal coolant supply channels were formed using a sand casting rod placed in the mold. Nevertheless, this method proved to be ineffective in practice, since the cases of cooling plates made of foundry copper often had cavities and porosities, which had an extremely negative effect on the life of the cases of such cooling plates. Molding sand is difficult to remove from the coolant supply channels, in addition, the coolant supply channels often do not have the corresponding shape.

Patent GB-A-1571789 proposes to replace sand casting cores with prefabricated metal tubular coils made of copper or stainless steel when casting cold plates by forming. Such a coil, which forms the spiral channels of the coolant, is placed in a mold, and liquid copper is poured around this coil. This method also proved to be ineffective in practice, since it is impossible to prevent the formation of porosities and depressions in the body of the copper plate, as well as to avoid problems that arise at the interface between the metal pipe and hardening in the form of copper.

A method of manufacturing a cold plate from stamped or rolled copper sheet is known from DE-A-2907511. The coolant supply channels are blind holes and are machined in rolled copper sheet. Such blind holes are sealed with solder or electro-rivet welding. Then, on the back side of the plate body for blind holes, connecting holes are drilled. After that, the connecting pipes for supplying or returning the coolant are inserted into these connecting holes and soldered or welded in place. Recently, it has been proposed to produce steel refrigeration plates using this technology. With this manufacture of refrigerating plates, the above-mentioned disadvantages can be avoided. In particular, it is practically possible to eliminate porosities and depressions in the plate body.

Patent WO-98/30345 describes the casting of a billet of a refrigerating plate using a continuous casting mold in which rod-shaped inserts in the casting channel form channels matching the direction of continuous casting. In the finished refrigerating plate, these channels are the coolant supply channels. The plate body is separated from the continuous casting by two cuts perpendicular to the casting direction, which form two end surfaces, the distance between which corresponds to the desired length of the refrigerating plate. At the next stage of manufacturing, the connecting holes that extend into the through holes are drilled in the plate body perpendicular to the rear surface, and the end openings of the casting channels are closed. Then, connecting nozzles are inserted into the connecting holes, which are welded or sealed in this form in place, as already described above.

The production methods described in the patents DE-A-2907511 and WO-98/30345 allow the production of high-quality cooling plates from copper or its alloys. However, in comparison with refrigerating plates with originally built-in cooling pipes or plates made by molding molding, finished plates made according to two technologies have a relatively high pressure loss at the junctions of the ends of the connecting pipes with cooling channels.

Patent WO 00/36154 proposes to reduce the attenuation of flow in copper refrigerating plates with built-in or drilled cooling channels by installing an element of a certain shape in the cutout of the refrigerating plate body in such a way as to create a deflecting channel for the coolant with an optimal flow regime. However, this solution is relatively time-consuming, which is reflected in the high cost of production.

Patent DE-A3313998 describes a chill plate for metallurgical furnaces made of cast iron. Such a refrigeration plate has a coolant channel in the form of a steel pipe inserted into a drilled hole that is located along the plate body. This steel pipe is fixed in a cast-iron casing with a hot fit at temperature equilibrium. Such a solution requires expensive industrial equipment for hot landing, adapted to the dimensions of a steel pipe and a cast-iron casing.

Description of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple and reliable method for manufacturing refrigeration plates for metallurgical furnaces with relatively low pressure losses. Another object of the present invention is the description of a reliable and easy to manufacture refrigeration plate with a relatively low pressure loss. These difficulties are easily solved by the method according to claim 1 of the claims and, accordingly, by the refrigerating stove according to paragraph 24 of the claims.

A method of manufacturing a refrigerating plate for metallurgical furnaces in accordance with the present invention includes the following steps: manufacturing a front side, a rear surface of a refrigerating plate and at least one channel passing through a metal plate body under its front side; the installation in this channel of a metal pipe with a radial clearance so that both ends protrude beyond the channel and achieve a press fit pipe in the channel. In accordance with this important aspect, a press fit is achieved by machining the metal of the plate body with pressure. The result of this process is the compression of this section of the channel.

It was unexpectedly discovered that the press fit of the pipe in the channel can be achieved by a simple, economical and reliable way of applying the technology of metal forming to the workpiece of the plate body.

After the pipe is installed in the channel by metal forming, the metal plate body acquires the necessary shape to achieve a press fit of the pipe in the channel. The process of metal forming involves constant mechanical, i.e. plastic deformation of the workpiece of the metal plate body. Acceptable metal forming technologies are, for example, forging, stamping or rolling the body of a metal plate. When processing metal by pressure, the billet of the plate body is converted into a finished form. Unless other tasks are provided, additional processing is usually not required to achieve a press fit.

It is preferable to apply metal processing locally along at least one channel mentioned above. Local application reduces the necessary effort or force required for a press fit, and, therefore, simplifies the processing process and reduces the requirements for equipment. For example, a press fit can be achieved by continuous compression produced along the specified channel, produced on the rear surface of the metal plate body. As an alternative to the process of metal forming, the entire body of the metal plate may be exposed.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, the metal processing technology applied to the plate body provides an elastic deformation of the pipe such that it preloads the pipe in the channel. Providing a certain degree of plastic deformation of the metal plate body, i.e. area around the channel, can be made a press fit, including only elastic deformation. The resulting pre-stress fit inside the channel provides increased heat transfer without any side effects on the physical properties of the pipe.

Compared to copper or steel refrigerated plates with a housing made by rolling and forging with drilled channels for the cooling liquid, as well as copper refrigerating plates made by continuous casting with cast channels for the cooling liquid, the cooling plates according to the present invention have the following advantages:

- Pipes mounted in the plate body guarantee tightness even in the event of erosion, corrosion and cracking of the plate body. This means that in this way significant savings can be achieved on the quality of the plate body.

- Since the ends of the pipe protrude beyond the plate body, there is no need to weld the connecting pipes to the plate body. Therefore, a complex welding operation that requires highly skilled human labor and involves the risk of leaks due to welding defects is completely eliminated.

- The exit of the pipe ends beyond the plate body results in a significantly lower pressure drop than for connecting pipes welded to the rear surface of the plate body in a drilled cast channel. This solution also eliminates the problem of “dead spots” such as air bags and solid deposits, which often cause corrosion and bandwidth limitations.

Compared to cast iron or copper refrigerated plates molded where the pipes forming the channels in the finished refrigerated plates are placed in a mold, the refrigerated plates according to the present invention have, for example, the following advantages:

- Since the body of the metal plate can be made of forged rolling sheet, or a sheet made by continuous casting, the production of the required cases of plates of a constant level of quality without any porosity, troughs becomes relatively lightweight, reliable and inexpensive.

- Since the pipes are not poured inside the plate body, there is no need to worry about problems of the separation of surfaces that arise between the pipe material and the liquid material of the plate body hardening around the pipe.

- Press fit of the pipe inside the channel by means of metal forming ensures good constant heat transfer between the pipe and the plate body.

Compared to cast-iron refrigerated plates, where steel pipes are fixed by means of a compression element, the refrigerated plates according to the present invention have the advantages of simplified production, in particular the elimination of expensive industrial equipment necessary to adjust the seal. Moreover, a press fit, providing improved heat transfer, can be made by metal forming.

Therefore, the present invention provides a simple and reliable method for the production of refrigeration plates with a relatively low pressure loss, which have advantages over previously manufactured types of plates.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the press fit of the pipe inside the channel using metal forming technology involves crimping the plate body after installing the metal pipe in the channel, which will give the channel and pipe an oval sectional shape. This method of metal forming has the additional advantage of improving the metallurgical structure of the plate body.

As an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is proposed to press fit the pipe inside the channel using metal forming technology, which may include crimping the plate body after installing the metal pipe in the channel.

Another way of carrying out the invention is to press fit the pipe inside the channel using metal forming technology, which may include expanding the pipe by setting the hydraulic pressure in it.

An optional embodiment of the invention is to press fit the pipe inside the channel, which may include expanding the pipe by at least one internal explosion.

Another possible way of carrying out the invention is to press fit the pipe inside the channel, which may include expanding the pipe by expanding it with an expansion head.

In addition, the method may include a hot fit pipe inside the channel. This fit can be carried out before press fit using metal forming technology. However, in this case additional equipment is required.

It should be noted that it is also possible to sequentially perform one or more of the above steps in combination with metal forming technology to optimize the press fit of the pipe in the channel. Before or after the metal forming process, auxiliary steps may be performed. Although, in general, metal forming is sufficient to carry out the desired press fit without the need for any further processing.

The plate body is usually made of copper or steel. The tube placed in the channel may, for example, be made of copper or stainless steel. The pipe can be easily coated with a lining layer or coating that improves heat transfer between the pipe and the plate body and, if necessary, prevents direct contact between the metal of the plate body and the pipe.

The ends of the pipe protruding from the channel are predominantly bent towards the rear surface of the plate body so that they form connecting pipes in a direction perpendicular to a plane parallel to the rear surface of the plate body. These connecting pipes can be discharged directly through the connecting holes of the furnace casing, i.e. there are no welded or other pipe joints inside the furnace. Moreover, the curved ends of the pipe can at least partially compensate for the thermal expansion or contraction of the refrigeration plate in the furnace, and simpler expansion joints for connecting the pipes to the refrigerant system will be required.

The plate casing has a first boundary surface and a second boundary surface opposite to it, where at least one channel passes through the metal casing of the plate so as to form a first hole on the first boundary surface and a second hole on the second boundary surface. This property guarantees improved cooling of those edges of the plate body where the pipes exit the boundary surface of the plate body. The boundary surfaces are beveled towards the rear surface of the plate body so that they form protrusions protecting the ends of the pipe, which protrude beyond the boundary surface. In order to improve the protection of the ends of the pipes protruding from the boundary surface, it is also possible to cut a recess in the boundary surface in the direction of the rear surface of the plate body so that one of the channel openings is located in the recess.

A refrigerating plate for metallurgical furnaces according to the present invention includes a metal plate body with a front surface, a rear surface and at least one metal pipe passing through the metal plate body under the front surface so that both ends of the pipe protrude from the plate body. A press fit is achieved between the metal plate body and this single pipe. In accordance with this important aspect, the plate body undergoes plastic deformation along said channel. It should be borne in mind that the plastic forming of the blank of the plate body is favorable for a press fit.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the metal plate body has a bulge located along the aforementioned channel. Thickening may be provided on the front or rear surface of the plate body near the channel along which it is located. The thickening adjacent to the channel greatly simplifies the process of metal forming by pressure or plastic deformation of the zone around the channel for press fit. Accordingly, the metal forming process can be performed by compressing the bulge relative to the plate body. To further simplify the deformation, a slot is provided within the aforementioned bulge. In this case, the thickening is preferably located on the rear surface of the plate body.

The plate body is preferably made of steel or copper. The pipe is preferably made of stainless steel or copper. It has been determined that the combination of a steel plate body and a copper pipe is particularly effective. Each of the protruding ends of the pipe is bent so that they form connecting pipes having a perpendicular direction relative to a plane parallel to the rear surface of the plate body.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The following describes a preferred embodiment of the invention in view of the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1: A longitudinal section of the plate body for the production of a refrigerating plate according to the invention;

Figure 2: A longitudinal section of the plate body of Figure 1 after placement in the channel of the body of the plate of the pipe with a radial clearance;

Figure 3: A longitudinal section of the body of the plate and pipe according to Figure 2 after the press fit pipe inside the channel;

Figure 4: A longitudinal section of the finished refrigeration plate;

5: An alternative embodiment of a refrigerator according to the invention;

6: A longitudinal section of the plate body after placement of a pipe with a radial clearance in the channel of the plate body, showing the step of expanding the pipe using hydraulic pressure to achieve a press fit of the pipe inside the channel;

7: A longitudinal section of the plate body after placing a pipe with a radial clearance in the channel of the plate body of the pipe, depicting the step of expanding the pipe with a wedge-shaped head to achieve a press fit of the pipe inside the channel;

FIG. 8: Side view of a plate body blank in accordance with the present embodiment; FIG.

Fig. 9: A partial side view of the plate body blank according to Fig. 8 with a pipe placed in the channel of the plate body with a radial clearance;

Figure 10: Local view of the finished body of the plate according to Figure 9 from the side, showing the compression of the section of the channel;

11: Local view of the workpiece of the housing of the plate from the side in accordance with the present embodiment;

12: A partial side view of the plate body blank according to FIG. 11 with a pipe placed in the plate body channel with a radial clearance;

13: A side view of the finished plate body according to FIG. 12, showing side sectional compression of a channel;

Fig: A partial side view of the plate body blank in accordance with the present embodiment;

Fig. 15 is a side view of the finished plate body according to Fig. 14, showing side sectional compression of the channel;

Description of preferred implementation

Figure 1 depicts a metal plate housing used in accordance with the present invention for the manufacture of a refrigeration plate (also called a “plate refrigerator”) that is mounted to the inside of a casing of a metallurgical furnace, such as a blast furnace. This plate body 10 has a front surface 12, a rear surface 14, and four peripheral surfaces. Two of these four boundary surfaces are indicated in the drawing by the numbers 16, 18, the two other boundary surfaces being not visible in the section of FIG. 1. The boundary surfaces 16 and 18 are beveled towards the rear surface 14 of the plate body. The front surface 12, which extends into the interior of the furnace, is preferably equipped with recesses 20 that increase the cooling surface and improve the fit of the refractory lining. The number 22 denotes a straight cylindrical channel passing through the metal body 10 of the plate under the front surface 12 so as to form holes 24, 26 on the boundary surfaces 16, 18. The section of the channel usually has a circular shape, but the oval shape is not excluded. The plate body 10 has several such channels 22, which are usually parallel to each other.

Such a plate body 10 is, for example, made of forged or rolled metal sheet of copper or copper alloy, with channels 22 being drilled in this sheet. Alternatively, the plate body 10 can also be made of steel or copper sheet by continuous casting, the channels 22 being formed by rod-shaped inserts during the continuous casting process, for example, as described in WO-98/30345. After that, cast channels can be machined with a metal cutter to clarify tolerances on dimensions and shape.

In accordance with the present invention, the channel 22 does not form a channel for supplying a cooling liquid (usually water), but is intended to accommodate a metal pipe 30, which is a channel for supplying a coolant. As shown in FIG. 2, this metal pipe 30, preferably made of copper, copper alloy or stainless steel, is placed in the channel 22 with a radial clearance so that both ends of the pipe 32, 34 protrude from the channel 22. A preferred combination consists of a pipe body 10 made of stainless steel and a copper pipe 30. After placing the pipe 30 in the plate body 10, it is necessary to achieve a press fit of the pipe 30 inside the channel 22 by compressing the cross section of the channel 22 (ie, converting the movable fit into a fixed one) by processing all pressure, which is applied to the body 10 of the plate. Such a press fit guarantees tight contact between the outer wall of the pipe 30 and the inner wall of the channel 22, resulting in improved heat transfer between the plate body 10 and the pipe 30. FIG. 3 shows the plate body 10 with the pipe 30 after the press fit of the pipe 30 in the channel 22 is reached.

The desired press fit of the pipe 30 in the channel 22 of the plate body 10 is achieved using the technology of metal forming, which is applied to the body 10 of the plate. As described below, one or more pre-treatment or post-treatment can be performed.

According to a first embodiment of this method, the cross sections of the channel 22 and the pipe 30 are dimensioned so that the pipe 30 has a radial clearance in the channel 22, provided that the plate body 10 and the pipe 30 have an ambient temperature. After placing the pipe 30 in the channel 22 of the housing 10 of the plate, the housing 10 of the plate is crimped. After that, the initially cylindrical pipe 30 acquires an oval shape, thereby achieving a press fit of the pipe 30 in the channel 22.

Example:

Pipe diameter: 69.9-70.1 mm (at 20 ° C)

Channel diameter: 70.3-70.8 mm (at 20 ° C)

A 1 mm plate crimp is sufficient to achieve a press fit of pipe 30 in channel 22. The cross section of pipe 30 will become slightly oval.

Since the compression ratio of the plate 10 has a certain upper limit, additional preliminary or subsequent processing may be required to strengthen the press fit obtained by crimping the plate 10. The number of such additional measures is described below.

As a first additional step, as shown in FIG. 6, the cross-sections of the channel 22 and the pipe also have such dimensions that the pipe 30 is placed in the channel 22 with a radial clearance (i.e., a tolerance value> 0), with the casing 10 of the plate and pipe 30 have an ambient temperature. After placing the pipe 30 in the channel 22 of the plate body 10, the expansion head of the conical shape is pulled through the pipe 30 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 42. This expansion head 40 extends the cross section of the pipe 30 and thus prepares the press fit of the pipe 30 in the channel 22 of the subsequent processing of the metal of the body 10 of the plate by pressure . While mechanical expansion of the pipe is described as pretreatment, it can also be carried out after crimping the plate body 10.

In accordance with another additional step, which is shown in Fig. 7, the cross-sections of the channel 22 and the pipe are again sized so that the pipe 30 is placed in the channel 22 with a radial clearance (i.e., a tolerance value> 0), with the casing 10 of the plate and pipe 30 have an ambient temperature. After placing the pipe 30 in the channel 22 of the plate body 10, the pipe 30 expands with a hydraulic fluid under pressure, which is pumped into the pipe 30. The device shown in Fig. 7 consists of a head 50, which is hermetically inserted into one end of the pipe 30. This head 50 has a rod 52 extending inside the pipe 30, which supports the plug 54, hermetically closing the pipe 30 in the area of the opposite outlet of the channel 22. The channel 56 allows you to pump fluid under pressure into the pipe 30. Hydrostatic expansion of the pipe 30 contributes to the subsequent the achievement of the press fit pipe 30 in the channel 22 when processing metal of the body 10 of the plate pressure. While hydrostatic expansion of the pipe is described as pretreatment, it can also be carried out after crimping the plate body 10.

In accordance with another additional step, prior to metal forming, the tube 30 can be hot-seated in the plate body 10. The dimensions of the cross sections of the channel 22 and pipe 30 are provided with a radial fit at temperature equilibrium. Before placing the pipe 30 in the channel 22, a radial clearance is formed by heating the plate body 10 or cooling the pipe 30. After installing the pipe 30, the radial fit is achieved by returning to temperature equilibrium. Consequently, the process of processing the metal of the plate body by pressure will achieve the desired press fit.

Undoubtedly, it is possible to carry out one or more of the above steps, which contribute to the achievement of the desired press fit of the pipe 30 in the channel 22. In general, the metal forming process will be sufficient to achieve the desired press fit.

Figure 4 depicts a finished refrigeration plate made from the housing 10 of the plate shown in Figure 1. After achieving the desired press fit of the pipe in the channel 22 of the plate body 10, the ends of the pipe 32.34 protruding beyond the beveled boundary surfaces 16, 18 are bent in the direction of the rear surface of the plate body 10 so as to form connecting pipes 60, 62 located in the direction perpendicular a plane parallel to the rear surface 14. It should be noted that the beveled boundary surfaces 16, 18 form protrusions 64, 66, which protect the curved ends of the pipe 32, 34 from the external influence of the furnace.

Figure 5 depicts a finished refrigeration plate made on the basis of the plate body 10 ', having a slightly different design from the plate body 10 in accordance with Figure 1. In this plate body 10 ', each end of the channel enters a recess 70, 72, which is cut in the boundary surface 16', 18 'of the plate body 10'. Towards the front surface 12 ', each recess 70, 72 is closed by the residual portion 74, 76 of the plate. Protected by the residual parts 74, 76 of the plate in the direction of the front surface of the refrigeration plate, the curved ends of the pipe 60 ', 62', located in a direction perpendicular to the plane parallel to the rear surface 14 'of the plate 10'.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention for the manufacture of a refrigerating plate is described below. This option increases the upper limit as much as the thickness of the plate body 10, 10 'can be reduced when crimping the finished body 10, 10' of the plate.

Fig. 8 shows a blank of a plate body 10 'in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention for the production of a refrigeration plate. Fig. 8 is a partial view of the plate body 10 "in the area of the channel 22. The channel 22 can be cast or drilled as described above. The plate body 10" on the back surface 14 has a bulge 80. This bulge 80 extends along the channel 22 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 8. Thickening 80 is located near the attachment point, above channel 22. Thickening 80 is usually formed by the 10 "plate body during the manufacture of forged, rolled or continuously cast copper or steel sheets. Alternatively, the thickening can be formed by a subsequent step, for example by welding. It should be noted that numerous thickenings are usually located on the rear surface 14 of the plate body 10 ", i.e. one for each channel 22 (not shown).

Fig.9 depicts the housing 10 "of the plate of Fig.8 placed with a radial clearance of the pipe 30 in the channel 22. Such a radial clearance exists at temperature equilibrium between the housing 10" of the plate and pipe by providing the appropriate dimensions of the latter.

Figure 10 depicts the casing 10 "of the plate and the pipe 30 of Fig. 9 after processing the metal of the casing 10" of the plate, namely thickening 80 by pressure. After placing the pipe 30, the bulge 80 is compressed, for example, by crimping. Metal forming is typically applied to the bulge 80 locally so that the upper portion of the bulge 80 is pressed against the channel 22, i.e. vertically down. A mechanical conversion aligns the rear surface 14 so that the bulge 80 is constantly pressed into the plate body 10 ", as shown in Fig. 10. The cross section of the channel 22 is reduced to such an extent that the initial radial clearance is converted into a press fit between the pipe 30 and the body 10 "plate. As can be seen in Figure 10, after converting the cross section of the cylindrical pipe 30 and the channel 22 take a slightly oval shape.

The thickness and shape of the bulge 80 in FIGS. 8-9 are selected so as to achieve a certain permanent plastic deformation in the area of the plate body 10 "adjacent to the bulge 80 and channel 22. Such plastic deformation of the plate body 10" entails predominantly elastic pipe deformation 30. Thus, the pre-stress fitting of the pipe 30 in the channel 22 is achieved. It should be noted that the initial thickening 80 greatly facilitates the metal processing of the plate body 10 "by pressure to achieve a press fit. In particular, the thickening E 80 eliminates the need to crimp the housing 10 "plate completely to achieve a press fit and increases the degree of reduction of the cross section of the channel 22.

11 depicts a blank of a 10 "plate housing in accordance with this embodiment of a method for manufacturing a refrigerating plate. Compared to Fig. 8, the 10" plate body has an identical thickening 80, which, however, is equipped with a slot 82. This slot can be made by notching or casting alternatives. The slot 82 has a direction parallel to the plane of FIG. 11 and is placed along the bulge 80 from the rear surface 14 into the channel 22 in such a way that it forms two collars 84 and 84 'in the bulge. Slot 82 traditionally has a bulge length of 80 and is located in a direction parallel to the plane of FIG. 11. The width of the slot usually decreases towards the channel 22.

Fig. 12 depicts the housing 10 "of the plate of Fig. 11 with a pipe 30 located inside the channel 22 with a radial clearance.

Fig.13 depicts the finished body 10 "of the plate. Compared to Fig.12, the pipe 30 has a press fit in the channel 22 after processing the metal of the body 10" of the plate, namely the collars 84 and 84 ', by pressure. The zone of the plate body 10 "around the channel 22 is plastically deformed, for example, by crimping in order to achieve a press fit of the pipe 30 in the channel 22. The collars 84 and 84" are constantly bent and connected so that the pipe 30 is compressed. The initial slot 82 is closed, which is visible on Fig. It should be noted that the initial slot 82 simplifies the process of metal forming by reducing the necessary force to compress the bulge 80. The same effect can be achieved if the original slot 82 is not completely closed. Depending on the size of the initial slot along the channel 22, a gap may remain that does not have a significant negative effect on the finished cooling plate. With the exception of intermittent bulge 80, the finished case 10 "of the plate of Fig. 13 has properties and advantages similar to the finished case 10" of the plate of Fig. 10.

Fig.14 depicts the workpiece of the housing 10 of the plate in accordance with the following embodiment of the invention for the manufacture of a refrigerating plate. Compared with FIG. 8 or FIG. 11, the blank of the plate body 10 does not have a bulge 80. FIG. 14 shows the plate body 10 with a pipe 30 located in the channel 22 with a radial clearance.

Fig.15 depicts the housing 10 of the plate of Fig.14 in finished form. The plate body 10 was subjected to pressure metal processing, which produced local compression 90. The process of metal processing to create compression 90 may be crimping or squeezing. A compression 90 is formed locally on the plate body 10 near and along the channel 22. Accordingly, the compression 90 extends along the channel 22 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. Compression 90 reduces the cross section of the channel 22 compared to FIG. As a result of this, a press fit of the pipe 30 in the channel 22 is achieved. The compression ratio of the plate body 10, i.e. the compression height 90, is usually determined so as to achieve a certain plastic deformation of the zone of the plate of the housing 10 around the channel 22. The result of such a certain plastic deformation is the elastic deformation of the pipe 30, and the pre-stressing of the pipe 30 in the channel 22 is guaranteed.

As already noted, the result of the method corresponding to Figs.

Figure 10-11 or Figure 14-15, is a finished refrigeration plate having all the basic properties of the plates of Figure 5 and Figure 4.

Compared to copper or steel refrigeration plates, consisting of a forged or rolled plate body with drilled coolant channels or continuous-cast copper refrigeration plates, where the coolant supply channels are cast, the above-described refrigeration plates have the following advantages:

- High-quality copper or stainless steel pipes 30, 30 'can be used, which guarantees tightness for many years, even in the event of erosion, corrosion or cracking of the body 10, 10' of the plate;

- Since the plate body should no longer be waterproof, significant savings can be achieved on the quality of the 10, 10 'plate bodies, which can offset the costs of high-quality copper or stainless steel pipes 30, 30';

- Elimination of the need to weld the connecting pipes to the body 10, 10 'of the plate, which eliminates the need for an operation that requires highly qualified human resources and always involves the risk of leaks due to welding defects;

- Pipes 30, 30 'with curved ends 32, 34, 32', 34 'provide a much lower pressure drop than connecting pipes welded to a drilled or cast channel;

- Pipes 30, 30 'with curved ends 32, 34, 32', 34 'eliminate the problems of “dead spots”, such as an air pocket or hard deposits, which are often causes of corrosion and flow restriction;

- Improved cooling of the edges of the plate body 10, 10 ', since the pipes 30, 30' exit from the peripheral surfaces 16, 18, 16 ', 18' of the plate body 10, 10 ';

- The curved ends of the pipes 32, 34, 32 ', 34' compensate, at least in part, for the thermal expansion or contraction of the refrigeration plate in the furnace, so that simpler expansion joints for connecting the nozzles to the refrigerant system are required;

Compared to molded refrigerated plates, where the coolant supply channels are cast, the above-described refrigerated plates have the following advantages:

- Since the plate body 10, 10 'can be made of forged rolling sheet, or of a sheet made by continuous casting, the production of the required plate bodies without any porosities, troughs becomes relatively lightweight, reliable and inexpensive.

- Sheets for the production of the body 10, 10 'of the plate can be manufactured in industrial production with relatively low production costs and constant quality;

- there is no need to worry about the problems of the separation of surfaces that arise between the pipe material and the liquid material of the plate body, hardening around the pipe;

- Press fit pipe 30 inside the channel 22 by means of metal forming ensures good constant heat transfer between the pipe 30 and the body 10, 10 'of the plate.

Claims (34)

1. A method of manufacturing a cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace, comprising preparing a metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate with a front surface (12, 12'), a rear surface (14, 14 ') and at least one channel (22 , 22 '), passing through the indicated metal body (10, 10', 10 ") of the plate under the front surface (12, 12 '), placement in the specified channel of the metal pipe (30, 30') with a radial clearance and with the possibility of both pipe ends (30, 30 ') from the specified channel (22, 22'), followed by press fit of the pipe (30, 30 ') in the channel (22, 22'), excellent schiysya in that the press fit of said tube (30, 30 ') in said channel (22, 22') is carried out by treatment with a metal pressure housing (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing of the metal plate by pressure provides elastic deformation of the pipe (30, 30 ') with the possibility of obtaining a preliminary fit of the pipe (30, 30') with tension in the channel (22, 22 '). 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the stage of preparation of the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") plates with at least one channel (22, 22') are made forged or rolled copper or steel plate and drilled into the specified plate at least one channel (22, 22 '). 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the stage of preparing the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 "), the plates with at least one channel (22, 22') continuously cast a metal plate with at least one cast channel (22, 22 ') extending through the metal plate, and the metal plate body (10, 10', 10 ") is made of a continuous cast metal plate. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that at the stage of production of the metal body (10, 10 ', 10 "), the plates are treated with a cast channel (22, 22') with a metal cutter to clarify the dimensions and shape tolerances. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing of the metal body of the plate by pressure is applied locally along at least one channel (22, 22 '). 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that along the channel (22, 22 ') by means of the processing process of the metal body of the plate pressure is formed into a dent (90). 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the stage of preparing the metal body of the plate (10, 10 ', 10 ") with at least one channel (22, 22'), a thickening (80) is formed on the metal body (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the slab extending along the channel (22, 22'). 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that at the stage of preparation of the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate with at least one channel (22, 22'), slots (82) are made inside the bulge (80). 10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the slot (82) is performed along at least one channel (22, 22 '). 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the pressure treatment of the thickening (80) of the metal body (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate is used to reduce the width of the slot (82). 12. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the pressure treatment of the thickening (80) of the metal body (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate is used in order to compress it. 13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after installation for the press fit of the pipe (30, 30 ') inside the channel (22, 22'), the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate is crimped. 14. The method according to item 13, wherein the metal body (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate is crimped with the possibility of giving an oval shape to the cross section of the channel (22, 22') and the pipe (30, 30 '). 15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, after installation by pressing fit of the pipe (30, 30 ') in the channel (22, 22'), the pipe (30,30 ') is additionally radially expanded by installing it hydraulic pressure. 16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that after installation by pressing fit the pipes (30, 30 ') inside the channel (22, 22') additionally radially expand the pipe (30, 30 ') by at least one internal explosion in her. 17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that after installation by pressing fit the pipe (30, 30 ') in the channel (22, 22') further expand the pipe (30, 30 ') by pulling through it expansion head. 18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the metal body (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate is made of copper or steel. 19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the pipe (30, 30 ') is made of copper or stainless steel. 20. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that each of the ends of the pipes (30, 30 ') protruding from the channel (22, 22') is bent towards the rear surface (14, 14 ') of the plate body (10, 10 ', 10 ") with the possibility of forming connecting nozzles directed mainly perpendicular to the plane parallel to the rear surface (14, 14') of the metal body (10, 10 ', 10") of the plate. 21. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at the stage of preparing the metal body (10, 10 ', 10 "), the plates form on the metal body (10, 10', 10") the first boundary surface (16 , 16 ') and the opposite second boundary surface (18, 18'), and the channel (22, 22 ') is made in the body (10, 10', 10 ") of the plate with the possibility of forming the first hole (24, 24 ') in the first boundary surface (16, 16 ′) and a second hole (26, 26 ′) in the second boundary surface (18, 18 ′). 22. The method according to item 21, wherein at least one of the boundary surfaces (16, 18) is beveled in the direction of the rear surface (14) of the metal body (10) of the plate. 23. The method according to item 21, wherein at least one hole (24 ', 26') in the boundary surface (16 ', 18') milled recess (70, 72), open in the direction of the rear surface (14 ') of the metal body (10') of the plate, and the hole (24 ', 26') is performed on the inside of the recess (70, 72). 24. A cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace, comprising a metal housing (10, 10 ', 10 ") with a front surface (12, 12'), a rear surface (14, 14 ') and at least one metal pipe (30, 30' ) in the channel (22, 22 '), extending in the metal housing (10, 10', 10 ") of the plate under the front surface (12, 12 '), with both ends of the pipe protruding from the metal housing (10, 10', 10 ") of the plate, and at least one metal pipe (30, 30 ') is installed by pressing fit in the metal body (10, 10', 10") of the plate, characterized in that the metallic fit tion tubes (30, 30 ') in a metal casing (10, 10', 10 ") of the plate is provided by plastic deformation of the metal body (10, 10 ', 10") of the plate along said channel (22, 22'). 25. The refrigerator according to claim 24, characterized in that the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate is made with a bulge (80) located along the channel (22, 22'). 26. A refrigerator according to claim 25, characterized in that a slot (82) is provided in the bulge (80). 27. The refrigerator according to claim 26, characterized in that after plastic deformation of the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate, namely, said thickening (80), said slot (82) is a slot located along the channel (22, 22 '). 28. The refrigerator according to any one of paragraphs.24-27, characterized in that the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate is made of copper or steel. 29. The refrigerator according to any one of paragraphs.24-27, characterized in that the pipe (30, 30 ') is made of copper or stainless steel. 30. The refrigerator according to any one of paragraphs.24-27, characterized in that the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate is made of steel, and the pipe (30, 30') is made of copper. 31. The refrigerator according to any one of paragraphs.24-27, characterized in that each of the ends of the pipe (30, 30 ') is bent with the possibility of forming connecting pipes (60, 62, 60', 62 '), directed mainly perpendicular to the surface parallel to the rear surface (14, 14 ') of the metal body (10, 10', 10 ") of the plate. 32. The refrigerator according to any one of paragraphs.24-27, characterized in that the metal case (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate has a first boundary surface (16, 16') and a second boundary surface (18, 18 '), moreover, at least one of the specified pipe (30, 30 ') is located in a metal casing (10, 10', 10 ") so that one end of the pipe leaves the first boundary surface (16, 16 '), and the second from the second boundary surface (18, 18 '). 33. A refrigerator according to claim 32, wherein at least one of the boundary surfaces (16, 18) is beveled towards the rear surface (14) of the metal housing (10, 10 ', 10 ") of the plate. 34. The refrigerator according to claim 32, wherein at least one of the boundary surfaces (16, 18) has a recess (70, 72) open in the direction of the rear surface (14 ') of the cabinet (10') of the plate, the end of the pipe (30, 30 ') protrudes into the recess (70, 72) from the plate body (10').

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