RU196503U1 - COOLING PLATE FOR METALLURGICAL FURNACE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to equipment for cooling a metallurgical furnace. A plate for cooling a metallurgical furnace, consisting of steel plates: lower and upper, interconnected along the perimeter with side walls, and having pipes for supplying (discharging) water. In the upper plate at the places of water inlet (outlet), holes are made that are closed by plates and form cavities for collecting and removing gases released from the water when the plate is heated. The connection of the lower and upper plates with the side walls, internal partitions with the lower plate, plates with the upper plate and water supply (outlet) pipes is carried out by welding. The presence of cavities in places of water drainage contributes to the accumulation of gases (air or steam) in these places and their removal with a stream of water from the cooled plate. The removal of gases from under the upper plate reduces the pressure on the surface of the plate and increases its service life. 1 s P. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to equipment for cooling a metallurgical furnace.

State of the art

Metallurgical units, regardless of type, operate at high temperatures. The refractory lining of the bodies and the metal structures of the units are also exposed to high temperature impact. Without technical solutions for protecting the units from high temperatures, they fail and their performance decreases, and the technical and economic performance of the unit deteriorates. To protect metallurgical units from exposure to high temperatures, various cooling devices are used. Most often, water cooling of metal structures and the lining of the melting unit are used for this purpose. Water cooling of walls and arches of arc steel-smelting furnaces, non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy melting furnaces [2] is widely used, performing metal structures of hollow furnaces (Shevchenko V.F. Design and operation of equipment of ferroalloy plants // Reference book. - M .: Metallurgy. 1982. - 208 p.). The reliability of the unit depends not only on the degree of cooling of the nodes, but also on the design features of the refrigeration devices.

The prior art method for the manufacture of a refrigerating plate for a metallurgical furnace (patent RU, 2423529, F27B 1/04, publ. 07/10/2011), comprising making a metal plate with an inner surface for facing the inner surface of the furnace and with an opposite outer surface, equipping the plate with at least one cooling pipe which, in order to establish heat-conducting contact with the metal plate, has a flattened shape and is attached externally to its external surface, the flattened external surface is attached to the external surface steel plate by side welding. The disadvantage of this design is the low reliability of the refrigeration plate, since the coolant is located on the outside of the metallurgical unit and does not provide tight contact with its surface and the necessary heat removal for safe operation of the unit.

The prior art known cooling system of a metallurgical unit (patent RU 2448315, F27D 9/04, publ. 04/20/2015), containing a cooled section, consisting of cooling zones with cooled elements that are connected to the inlet and outlet manifolds, a tank located above the outlet collectors, a circulation pump, a suction and pressure main pipelines, a common inlet pipe, outlet pipes connected to the outlet manifolds of each cooling zone, a device for feeding water in the system is cooled I, connected by electroautomatics with a water level sensor in the tank, a device for creating increased gas pressure in the tank and a heat exchanger, is equipped with a common distribution manifold made of suction and pressure sections, separated by shut-off valves, backup technical water pipe and drain troughs, and the suction section the common distribution manifold is connected by a suction main pipe to the circulation pump and a common supply pipe with a tank, and the pressure section of the general section of the supply manifold is connected to the pressure main pipeline, to the supply manifolds of each cooling zone and through the shutoff valves to the backup technical water pipe, while the outlet manifolds of each cooling zone are connected via shutoff valves to the drain troughs and discharge pipes to the tank, and the outlets of the discharge pipes are located above the water level in the tank, which is equipped with a pipe for the release of steam with shutoff valves installed on it. In addition, the water level in the tank is determined from the condition of ensuring a given duration of the system in emergency mode using evaporative cooling with natural circulation, and the heat exchanger is installed on the pressure main pipe. A structural drawback of the system described in this patent is the complexity in the manufacture and installation of equipment due to the numerous sensors and valves in the cooling system. In addition, the evaporative cooling system of metallurgical units does not contribute to their high-performance work, since any repair work requires long-term cooling of the unit. And this limits the use of such systems in metallurgy.

A known method of cooling the body of the melting unit and the melting unit for its implementation (patent RU 2383837, F27D 1/12, F27D 9/00, publ. 03/10/2010), including cooling by an intermediate liquid metal coolant of the body of the melting chamber, made in the form of a double-walled metal shell with sealed cavity, cooling the intermediate liquid metal coolant with a secondary gaseous coolant passing through the heat exchanger. Cold gaseous coolant is supplied with a flow rate of 0.05-0.50 nm ³ / s per 1 m ² . The melting unit contains a melting chamber with a hollow metal body filled with an intermediate liquid metal coolant - sodium, a heat exchanger, refractory lining, systems for loading, heating and melting the charge, separate release of metal and slag, removal, heat recovery and purification of furnace gases. The heat exchanger is placed directly on the body of the melting chamber, its shell is made in the form of a sealed metal cylinder or part thereof with nozzles for supplying a secondary gaseous coolant, covering the melting chamber, the outer wall of which serves as the inner shell of the heat exchanger, and is located at a distance of 50-300 mm in diameter from the outer wall of the melting chamber, in the cavity between the outer wall of the melting chamber and the outer shell of the heat exchanger on the outer wall of the melting chamber at a distance of 3-300 mm from each other, curved copper strips. The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the structural solution, the need for additional equipment for each unit in the form of heat exchangers, which does not guarantee effective cooling of the metallurgical unit and its melting chambers.

A known cooling system of a metallurgical unit (patent RU 2457414, С21В 7/10, F27B 1/24, F27D 9/00, publ. 07/27/20120) containing a cooled section, consisting of cooling zones with cooled elements that are connected to the inlet and outlet collectors located above the outlet manifolds, a circulation pump, a suction and pressure main pipelines, a common inlet pipe, outlet pipes connected to the outlet manifolds of each cooling zone, a device for feeding water in the cooling system, equipped with electroautomatics with a water level sensor in the tank, a device for generating increased gas pressure in the tank and a heat exchanger, is equipped with a common distribution manifold connected to the pressure main pipe and to the supply manifolds of each cooling zone, and the discharge manifolds of each cooling zone are connected to the tank by the discharge pipes, the outlets of which are located above the water level in the tank, and the heat exchanger is installed on the pressure main pipeline. The disadvantage of this system is the complexity of the system, consisting of various elements, including additional devices in the form of pumps and pipelines. The variety of equipment cannot ensure the reliability of the supply of coolant to the cooled elements of the metallurgical unit.

Known refrigeration plate (patent RU 2482192, C21B 7/10, F27D 1/12, 05/20/2013), consisting of a panel made in the form of a housing having front and rear sides, as well as upper and lower faces, first and second side faces. The front side of the refrigerator is made with grooves extending between the first and second side faces. Grooves form plate ribs on the front of the refrigerator. Each lamellar rib has a ridge and adjacent side walls. At least one of the grooves is provided with a metal insert located adjacent to at least one of the side walls. The disadvantage of this plate is the complexity of manufacture and high complexity in the manufacture.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a refrigerating plate for a metallurgical furnace (patent RU 2495940, С21В 7/10, F27D 1/12, F27D 7/10, publ. 10/20/2013), comprising a housing with four front side, opposite rear side, four side faces and at least one internal cooling channel extending from one side face to the opposite side face, a curved connecting pipe connecting at least one end of each cooling channel for supplying or discharging coolant, and a curved soy the extension pipe is hermetically connected to the end of the associated internal cooling channel inside the corresponding recess in the housing, which is open towards the rear side, while the opening of the internal cooling channel in the recess in the connecting surface is beveled to the rear side, and the curved connecting pipe does not protrude corresponding side face. This refrigerator is taken for the closest analogue. The disadvantage of this plate is the connection of the cooling channels with curved pipes, the connecting surface of which has bevels. In such places, when the stove overheats, accumulation of coolant vapors is possible, and this worsens the cooling of the plate and leads to the failure of this element.

The objective of the proposed utility model is to increase the reliability of equipment for cooling metallurgical furnaces.

The technical result is to increase the service life of the water-cooled elements of a metallurgical furnace.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the plate for cooling a metallurgical furnace is made in the form of a flat structure of steel sheets (Fig. 1), connected around the perimeter by steel plates of the same material. All elements of the plate are connected by welding and have pipes for supplying and removing water, with which heat is removed from the surfaces of the plate. Water flows through channels formed by partitions of steel plates from plate material (Fig. 2). This is how plates of arches of ore-thermal furnaces producing ferroalloys and non-ferrous metals, peripheral structures of arches of steel-smelting electric furnaces and various units of other metallurgical furnaces are made. Pipes for supplying and discharging water are attached to the upper surface of the plate with the help of overlays covering the holes for collecting gases or steam formed in the event of overheating of the water in the plate. In addition, air dissolved in cold water used to cool metallurgical furnaces, when the temperature of the water rises, is released from the water and accumulates under the top plate of the furnace cooling plate. With a further increase in temperature, the air expands and, if it is not removed with the flow of water, increases the pressure on the surface of the plate with further overheating of the cooled part, water vapor forms, which puts additional pressure on the flat surfaces of the cooled part, which leads to the destruction of the cooled part in the area the connection of individual elements or due to deformation of the part when the overall integrity of the structure is violated.

The creation of cavities in the places of water drainage contributes to the accumulation of air or steam in these places and their removal with the flow of water from the cooled plate, and this reduces the pressure on the surface of the plate and increases the service life of the plate.

Brief Description of the Drawings

A plate for cooling a metallurgical furnace is shown in the drawings:

FIG. 1: cross section

FIG. 2: top view.

In FIG. 1 shows that the plate consists of two steel plates: bottom (1) and top (2), interconnected by side walls (7). An overlay (3) is placed on the upper plate. The cover plate covers the cavity (5) in the upper plate (2), which serves to collect air or water vapor from under the upper plate and remove them from the cooled part with a stream of water (shown in the drawing by arrows). A pipe (4) for supplying (removing) water for cooling the plate is attached to the plate by welding, while the pipe should not protrude beyond the lower surface of the plate.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the formation of channels (9) with the help of vertical plates (8) for water flow: plates (8), equal in height to the side walls (7), are fastened to the bottom plate (1) by welding. After welding the plates (8), the upper plate (2) is laid on top and between the lower (1) and upper (2) plates (8), channels (9) are formed for the water flow. All plate parts, including the plate and pipes, are fastened together by electric welding (6). Pipes (4) for supplying (discharging) cooling water are attached to the plate from opposite sides of the cooling plate.

Device operation During the operation of the furnace, the cooling part of the water furnace is heated. Air dissolved in cold water, when the temperature rises, is released from the water and accumulates under the top plate (2) of the furnace cooling plate. With a further increase in temperature, with the formation of water vapor, gases (air and water vapor) are transferred to the cavity (6) and removed with water through the water drain pipe (4), the gas pressure on the plate plates (1, 2, 7) decreases thereby preventing plate destruction.

The design of the cooling plate was tested on an industrial closed furnace with a capacity of 22.5 MVA. The device was used in the manufacture of vault plates. The resistance to failure of the slab was 11 months. The previous durability of the vault plates was 6-8 months. At the same time, a technical device was used on the same furnace when repairing the lower ring of the bearing cylinder (volume part), which had water inlet and outlet in the upper plate. After 14 months of operation, no ring damage was observed. The previous frequency of repair of the ring of the bearing cylinder was 10-12 months.

Claims (2)

1. Plate for cooling a metallurgical furnace, comprising lower and upper steel plates and side walls connected along the perimeter with upper and lower plates, vertical plates installed between the upper and lower plates and forming internal channels for water flow, pipes for supplying and discharging cooling water, characterized in that in the upper plate at the places of water inlet and outlet, cavities are made for collecting and discharging gases released from the water when the stove is heated, covered by plates, to which pipes for cooling water outlet and drainage. 2. The plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of the lower and upper plates to the side walls, the internal partitions with the lower plate, the plates with the upper plate and the water inlet and outlet pipes are made by welding.

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