RU2338484C2 - Microprosthesis with spring bracing on contact surfaces of teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment; stomatology.

SUBSTANCE: bridge-like prosthesis contains the fixing fastening executed from two fixing elements and established in cavities on aproximal surfaces of abutment teeth, a spring and the artificial tooth, each fixing element is executed in the form of the L-shaped plate rigidly bridged by means of the screw in an end face of its larger part with a rectangular plate, exceeding on a thickness the L-shaped plate, thus the smaller part of the L-shaped plate has the semicircle or segment form and is bridged from mostly L-shaped plate to formation of smooth transition of their lateral surfaces, fixing elements are located azygomorphously opposite. The rectangular plates are executed with apertures and are established in contact with each other on the internal surfaces, and in an aperture of each plate the big side of the opposite L-shaped plate is located with sliding possibility accordingly. The spring is located on a larger part of the first fixing element between the flat side of its circle or a segment of the L-shaped plate and an external surface of a rectangular plate of the second fixing element.

EFFECT: increase of durability and reliability of application of a prosthesis at the expense of conservation of chewing or cutting surfaces of a basic teeth and reduction of the size of cavities in abutment teeth under fixing element.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine and medical equipment and can be used in orthopedic dentistry for fixing a single missing tooth.

A bridge is known for replacing small included dentition defects containing a titanium nickelide base plate having a shape memory effect and mounted in grooves on the abutment teeth. The plate has a semicircular end surface. The tooth mounted on the plate has a longitudinal groove. The grooves in the abutment teeth are formed vertically from their contact surface and do not reach 1.0-1.5 mm to the neck of the tooth. The width of the longitudinal groove is 10% greater than the thickness of the plate-shaped element. (RF patent No. 2220503 C1, publ. March 20, 2003, IPC A61C 13/275, 13/225).

The main disadvantage of the known prosthesis is the possible abrasion of hard tissues of natural antagonistic teeth and the preparation of the masticatory and cutting surfaces of the supporting teeth.

Known bridge for defects in the dentition in the frontal section, containing the supporting part, consisting of a cylinder with a piston and a spring located in it. On the approximate surfaces of the teeth limiting the defect, cubic cavities (a contour of a square of 1.5-1.5 mm) are made into which a fixing fixture is inserted. An artificial tooth is fixed on a fixing fixture. (RF patent No. 952240, publ. 08.23.1982, IPC A61C 13/00), (prototype).

The known bridge prosthesis requires the preparation of sufficiently deep cavities in the abutment teeth and can be used only in the frontal part of the dentition.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the durability and reliability of the use of the prosthesis by preserving the chewing or cutting surfaces of the supporting teeth and reducing the size of the cavities in the supporting teeth under the fixing element.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the bridge includes a fixing fixture made of two fixing elements and mounted in cavities on the approximate surfaces of the abutment teeth, a spring and an artificial tooth, each fixing element is made in the form of a L-shaped plate rigidly connected by a screw to the end of its greater part with a rectangular plate exceeding the thickness of the L-shaped plate, while the smaller part of the L-shaped plate has the shape of a semicircle or segment and is connected to the neck of the L-shaped plate with the formation of a smooth transition of their side surfaces, the locking elements are located asymmetrically opposite, the rectangular plates are made with holes and installed in contact with each other on their inner surfaces, and the corresponding large side of the rectangular is located in the hole of each plate plates of the second locking element.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the micro-prosthesis in the idle position.

Figure 2 is a section along aa of the locking element.

Figure 3 - microprosthesis in the working position.

The microprosthesis includes a locking element 1 and 2 and a spring 3. The locking element is made in the form of a L-shaped plate rigidly connected to a rectangular plate. A smaller portion of the L-shaped plate has the shape of a semicircle or segment. Most of the L-shaped plate is connected to the smaller part with the formation of a smooth transition of the side surface of most of the L-shaped plate into the lateral cylindrical surface of a semicircle or segment of the smaller part. The rectangular plate is thicker than the L-shaped plate and is connected to the end of its larger part by a screw. A hole is made in the rectangular plate, the shape and dimensions of which provide a sliding movement in it of most of the L-shaped plate.

In the working position, the locking elements 1 and 2 are located asymmetrically (rotated) opposite, while the rectangular plates are in contact with each other on their inner surfaces, and in the hole of each plate is located respectively the larger side of the opposed L-shaped plate.

L-shaped plates are the beam part of the bridge and are intended for the installation of an artificial tooth on them, and the plates in the form of a circle or segment are the supporting part and are intended for fixation in the supporting teeth.

The spring 3 is located on most of the first locking element between the flat side of its circle or segment of the L-shaped plate and the outer surface of the rectangular plate of the second locking element. In the idle position, the spring is compressed, and in the working position it is loose.

The micro prosthesis is set as follows. On the contact surfaces of the abutment teeth with a wheel-shaped bur, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the semicircle or segment of the fixing element, cavities with a depth of up to the axis of the bur are made. Prepared cavities are treated by the traditional method and partially filled with composite material. In the idle state of the microprosthesis, the spring is compressed and its position is fixed by the doctor during installation. A micro prosthesis is installed between the abutment teeth so that the parts of the fixing elements in the form of a semicircle or segment are located opposite the cavities prepared for them. After that, the doctor unclenches the spring and inserts the parts of the fixing elements in the form of a semicircle or segment into the prepared cavities. An artificial tooth is mounted on the beam part of the prosthesis and fixed in a conventional manner.

Claims (1)

A bridge for replacing small included dentition defects, comprising a fixing fixture made of two fixing elements and installed in cavities on the approximate surfaces of the abutment teeth, a spring and an artificial tooth, characterized in that each fixing element is made in the form of an L-shaped plate, rigidly connected by a screw at the end of its greater part with a rectangular plate exceeding the thickness of the L-shaped plate, while the smaller part of the L-shaped plate has the shape of a semicircle or segment and connected to most of the L-shaped plate with the formation of a smooth transition of their side surfaces, the locking elements are located asymmetrically opposite, rectangular plates are made with holes and are installed in contact with each other on their inner surfaces, and in the hole of each plate is slidably respectively, the larger side of the opposed L-shaped plate, with the spring located on most of the first locking element between the flat side of its circle or The segment of the L-shaped plate and the outer surface of the rectangular plate of the second locking element.

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