RU2337030C1 - Method of running train axle-box state monitoring - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method is implemented using active transceivers mounted on the axle-box cover outer side. The transceiver power supply represents a plate with magnets fitted on the wheel pair axle end face and arranged opposite with winding representing tabs fitted on the axle-box cover inner side. The transceivers read out the axle-box state data and transmit it to the operator display via radio communication channel at preset time interval all along the train route.

EFFECT: higher accuracy of axle-box state control.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of measuring equipment and can be used for automated monitoring of the technical condition of axleboxes of rolling stock of railway transport.

Axle boxes of wagons and locomotives are subject to special control. The urgency of the control problem has especially increased in connection with the lengthening of the traction arms and warranty sections of the non-stop following of freight cars without maintenance at intermediate VET (maintenance points).

A device for remote monitoring of the temperature state of the axle boxes of a vehicle [1], including an electronic tag, configured to remotely transmit information to outdoor devices located along the vehicles, and connected to the temperature sensor using two conductive elements connected to the signal code signal setting circuit electronic tags.

Monitoring by such a device is difficult during unfavorable weather conditions, especially during snowfall. Snow (or dirt) clogs the electronic tag and remote transmission of information is carried out with a large measurement error.

A device is also known for controlling the overheating of the axleboxes of a vehicle [2], comprising a cylinder fixed to the axle box with a piston, in one of the end walls of which an opening for the piston rod is made. In the cylinder wall there is an opening for connecting to the brake line and a heat-sensitive element. In the cylinder cavity, the piston is spring-loaded on the back of the rod, on which a luminous mark is applied. The piston is fixed in the lower position by a thermosensitive element of fusible material, and a direct-acting valve, adjusted to a certain pressure, is made in the piston body and is connected through the brake line to the atmosphere.

The disadvantage of this device is that the luminous mark is in the field of view of only the crawlers when they are near the train, and the driver can detect it only when the train stops. But conditions that are not favorable for stopping a train do not always develop.

At present, PONAB, Disk, and KTSM systems for determining the temperature of axle boxes are used on Russian railways [3]. The latter represents microprocessor devices and is distinguished by the original design of small-sized outdoor cameras (bolometers), the infrared optics of which are oriented to the axle boxes. A computer is installed in the station duty room. At the moment when the floor devices finish inspecting the train passing through the stage, the computer notifies that the train with the same number has passed. On the monitor, the text reports the result of the inspection of the axle boxes. Information about the overheated axle box is transmitted through voice communication to the driver who decides to either move on at a reduced speed or stop the train.

Such a system of remote temperature measurement of axle boxes has a number of disadvantages: adverse weather conditions (rain, snow, fog) impede remote temperature measurement and introduce a large error; there is a "parasitic sun exposure" when the axle box is heated by itself; The location of the device near the station negatively affects the measurement results, since trains approaching the station significantly reduce speed, which entails a decrease in axle box heating, especially in winter. In the KTSM system, there are difficulties in determining the temperature and type of bearing due to several temperature detection thresholds.

Known methods for determining the temperature of the axle boxes according to the Palm system [4], based on radio frequency modulation of the signal, which, when exposed to an external radio field of passive tags, can receive information about the temperature of the axle boxes. The basis of the system is irradiating reading equipment. It includes a reader with an antenna and a coded on-board sensor, which is a passive element that does not contain a power source. The energy necessary for its operation comes from the reader in the form of an electromagnetic signal. The coded on-board sensor has a design that allows you to install it on board the vehicle only once, which protects it from unauthorized transcoding. When the train passes by the reading point of the Palm system, the sensors for fixing the passage of the wheels are triggered, which leads to the emission of the microwave supply signal. The read information along with the data on the operation of the wheel sensors is transmitted to the station concentrator information line level.

The disadvantage of this method is that a sufficiently high level of external radio emission is required, depending on weather conditions; and, in addition, with the fast movement of the train, there is not enough time for the accumulation-energy necessary to carry out the answer.

The most significant drawback of all known methods is the transmission of information by wire connection, the implementation of which requires large financial investments and labor.

The proposed method for monitoring the condition of the boxes of a moving train is aimed at solving the following problems:

- improving the accuracy of monitoring the technical condition of the axle boxes of a moving train;

- ease of implementation and reliability;

- reducing the complexity of determining the location of overheated axle boxes;

- Continuity of monitoring during the movement of the train.

The tasks are solved by the fact that in the method of monitoring the condition of the axleboxes of a moving train, which consists in measuring the parameters of the axleboxes and transmitting the received information to the locomotive operator for making an operational decision, the axleboxes to be controlled are equipped with active transceivers installed on the outside of the axlebox cover. The transceiver power source is a disk with magnets fixed on the end face of the wheel pair axis, located opposite the wire winding, made in the form of petals on the inside of the axle box cover. When the wheelset moves, the disk with magnets starts to rotate and creates induction (works like a generator).

The transceiver reads information about the condition of the axleboxes and relays the signal from each axlebox to the indicator device located at the workplace of the locomotive driver via a wireless radio channel during the entire train movement with a given time interval.

Since each transceiver has its own built-in number, we can clearly say which axle box is overheated. This is important because at present there are two types of axle boxes, each of which has a different permissible heating temperature. If the conditional temperature is permissible for one type of axle boxes, then for another it is already overheating.

Information about the temperature conditions of the axleboxes is received by the locomotive driver on an indicator device of the “alarm” type (alarm clock), where the alarm is displayed when the axlebox overheats.

In addition to information about the temperature conditions of the axle boxes, the proposed method allows to obtain information about the speed of rotation of the wheelset and to control the braking system of the entire train and each wheelset. If clogging has occurred in the air line of the brake system of a train at some section, then the air distribution in this section is slowed down, which is recorded using a generator. The energy, shape and characteristics of the electrical signal generated by the generator are changing. Information about these changes using transceivers can be transmitted to the locomotive driver. By the number of the transceiver, it is determined at the level of which car the problem occurred.

Due to the rotation of the disk with magnets on the axis of the wheelset, information is not only collected about the speed with which the wheelset rotates, but also the state is determined when the wheel does not spin (for example, the train is up). Using this signal to put the transceiver into “slip” mode (sleep), you can save, because transceivers in this mode do not consume energy.

Thus, the process of monitoring the condition of the axlebox of a vehicle can be carried out continuously in the state of movement of the vehicle at any speed and allows you to obtain information about overheating of the axleboxes, the state of the brake system and the speed of rotation of the wheelsets.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

Figure 1 - General diagram of the monitoring of the status of the boxes,

Figure 2 - diagram of the power source of the transceiver.

Figure 3 is a diagram of a winding of wires made in the form of petals on the inner side of the axle box cover.

The method of monitoring the condition of the axleboxes is carried out using a network of active transceivers (1) located on the covers of the axleboxes and an indicator device in the locomotive driver’s cab (2). The power source of the transceiver is a generator consisting of a disk with magnets (4) located on the end of the axis of the wheelset (6) opposite the winding of wires (5), made in the form of petals on the inner side of the axle box cover.

The method is as follows.

The system only works while the train is moving. When the train moves, the generator (power source) generates energy and when it becomes enough to start the transceiver, the latter turns on and starts reading information from the sensors about the state of the controlled axle box. Each type of axle box has its own temperature limit. The transmission of recorded information is not continuous, but at a predetermined interval (at least once during the movement of the train) over the wireless radio channel to the locomotive driver. An indicator device is installed in the driver's cab, where the transmitted information is displayed, which is necessary for making an operational decision.

Thus, the implementation of the present invention allows the process of monitoring the condition of axleboxes continuously during movement, at any speed, and allows you to obtain information about overheating of axleboxes, the state of the brake system and the speed of rotation of the wheelset.

Information sources

1. RU 2220866, 6 B61K 9/04.

2. RU 2096220, 6 B61K 9/04.

3. "In search of a hot box." All-Russian transport newspaper Gudok, 04/25/2006.

4. UNISCAN / GSI RU SSIA, website: www.gslru.org.

Claims (1)

A method for monitoring the condition of the axleboxes of a moving train, which consists in measuring the parameters of the axleboxes and transmitting the received information to the locomotive driver for making an operational decision, characterized in that the axleboxes to be monitored are equipped with active transceivers located on the outside of the axlebox cover, complete with a power source, consisting of a disk with magnets located on the end of the wheel pair axis opposite the winding of wires, made in the form of petals on the inside of the axle box cover, with u to read and transmit information about the state of axle boxes on the display device of the locomotive engineer of wireless radio during the entire time of motion of the train at a predetermined time interval.

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