RU2336566C2 - Method of modeling of processes of provision of technical readiness of communication networks in technical operation and system for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, radio.

SUBSTANCE: suggested technical solution is related to the field of radio engineering, namely, to the field of control of technical condition of communication network elements. System contains device of input-output and information visualisation, device of formation of principle diagram graph-model, device of formation of connectivity matrices of the main and reserve elements, device of setting and storage of information about principal diagram, control device, device of operation failures modeling, device of emergency damages modeling, device of software failures modeling, device of communication network operation modeling, device of modeling of communication facilities operation, decision-making device, device of storage of information about reserve lines and communication channels.

EFFECT: expansion of functional resources of technical solutions with provision of modeling of processes of provision of technical readiness and diagnostics of communication networks.

2 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The field of technology.

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of radio engineering, namely to the field of monitoring the technical condition of the elements of communication networks.

According to [1], by a communication network we mean a technological system that includes means and communication lines and is intended for telecommunication.

The analysis of the prior art.

There is a method for initializing the simulation of the behavior of a technical installation and a simulation system for a technical installation, described in [2]. The method takes into account the real behavior of a technical object containing many components, and includes determining the circuit characteristics of the elements of the technological structure and establishing their relationship. The system that implements the method includes an input-output and information visualization device in the form of a terminal with a screen, keyboard and mouse, a computing device and an information storage device.

The disadvantages of the method are that the operator is a priori aware of the failed elements, only the intended use of the objects is simulated, the elements of a complex technological structure are restored only by introducing a reserve, the same type of emergency is modeled, which is eliminated by introducing a reserve, the degree of damage is not modeled (weak, medium, strong, irretrievable losses), various types of failures, failures and emergency (combat) damage to an object are not considered, races are not carried out a technical readiness coefficients and comparing them with desired, the method has a low accuracy of determination of the technical state of the object.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution is a method for modeling an accident, diagnosing and restoring the operability of a complex technological structure, and an information system for its implementation, described in [3]. In the prototype method, all the connections between the elements of the schematic diagram of a complex technological structure (STS) are divided into main and backup, specify an arbitrary combination of damage to the elements of the STS, determine the value of the accident rate of the state of the connections between the elements of the STS, in case of inequality of the specified indicator to a zero value restore the performance of the STS, changing it by replacing damaged connections with backup ones through active operator actions, determine the value of the recovery indicator STS properties and generate a forecast of the state of the changed STS. The system provides the operator with timely information on actions to restore the operability of the STS, based on the use of the existing reserve of the internal capabilities of the STS, the development of a forecast of the state of the STS and recommendations for improving the functioning of the changed STS.

The disadvantages of the method is that the operator is a priori aware of the failed elements, only the intended use of the objects is simulated, the elements of a complex technological structure are restored only by introducing a reserve, the same type of emergency is simulated, in which the operator can eliminate them only by introducing a reserve, it is not modeled degree of damage (weak, medium, strong, irretrievable losses), different types of failures, failures and emergency (combat) damage are not considered kta, the calculation of the coefficients of technical readiness and comparing them with the required is not carried out, the method has a low reliability of determining the technical condition of the object.

The technical result of the invention is the elimination or significant reduction of the above disadvantages, including the expansion of the functionality of technical solutions with the simulation of processes for ensuring technical readiness and diagnosing communication networks at various levels with the required reliability, at various stages of operation and taking into account various types and degrees of damage (operational failures), as well as modeling the recovery of failed elements.

This will allow you to set quantitative requirements for the levels of technical readiness (their optimal combination), taking into account the fulfillment of the requirements for communication networks by subscribers (users).

The analysis of the prior art allowed us to establish that analogues, characterized by sets of features that are identical to all the features of the claimed method, are absent. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "novelty."

Search results for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the claimed invention from the prototypes showed that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. From the prior art determined by the applicant, the influence of the provided by the essential features of the claimed invention on the achievement of the specified technical result is not known. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

The claimed method is illustrated by drawings, which show:

figure 1 - structure of a simulated communication network;

figure 2 - connectivity matrix of a simulated communication network;

figure 3 is a table of the category of urgency of transmitted messages;

4 is a representation of a communication network in the form of a mass service network;

5 is a block diagram of a system for modeling processes for ensuring the technical readiness of communication networks at various levels;

6 is a diagram of the technical availability of a communication network;

7 is a diagram of a simulation of effects;

Fig is a diagram of a simulation of the functioning of the subsystem of measurements;

Fig.9 is a diagram of a simulation of the functioning of the backup subsystem;

figure 10 is a simulation circuit of the restoration of network elements by the duty shift.

Disclosure of the invention.

The implementation of the claimed method is as follows.

1. Description of the structure of the communication network is as follows.

The communication network is represented in the form of a graph (figure 1). A description is made of the structure of the communication network in the following sequence [4]:

1.1. Carry out the construction of the connectivity matrix of the communication network. For this, numbers are assigned to communication nodes (switching nodes), which are the vertices of the graph, and communication channels (lines), which are edges of the graph.

The connectivity matrix is a square m × m matrix, where m is the number of vertices of the graph describing the communication network. Inside the matrix, the numbers of the channels connecting the communication nodes are recorded.

For the structure of the communication network shown in FIG. 1, the connectivity matrix will be as shown in FIG. 2.

In figure 2, zero is recorded if there is no connection.

Using the example of filling the graph and filling the matrix, the simulated channels between nodes are duplex. In the general case, the graph can also be oriented.

1.2. The routing matrix is constructed, which is a square m × m matrix, where m is the number of graph vertices (communication node number). The number of the route along which communication between the communication nodes is to be recorded is recorded in the matrix.

The matrix is filled out deterministically according to the initial data, or by including special search procedures on the graph, for example, the procedure according to the "shortest path" criterion.

Messages transmitted over the communication network have the following main parameters:

Priorities (PR) or categories of urgency (COP);

the intensity of the input stream of the k-th category of urgency coming from the i-th to the j-th node;

и их законы распределения

, где

- средняя длина сообщений k-й категории срочности.message length

and their distribution laws

where

- the average length of messages of the k-th category of urgency.

To generate messages, order generators for each urgency category are used and distribution is made from source nodes to recipient nodes.

To simulate the processes of distributing message flows from source nodes to consumer nodes, tables are constructed for each urgency category of transmitted messages (Fig. 3).

,

,

,

- вероятность направления сообщения в i-й узел.In Fig.3 P ₁ , P ₂ , ..., P _n-1 , P _n - the probability of a message in the i-th node;

,

,

,

- the probability of sending a message to the i-th node.

The simulation of the communication network is based on the presentation of it in the form of a mass service network (SeMO) (Fig. 4).

Message transmission time (t) is calculated in accordance with the following expression:

,

,

where l is the message length [bit] (according to the formats accepted in communication networks),

V _e is the effective data rate.

In the simulated communication network, the transmission of messages of three categories of urgency is simulated with intensities of arrival λ ¹ , λ ² , λ ³ and average length l ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ . The laws of the distribution of time between the receipt of applications of any urgency category is selected based on the number of sources (subscribers) modeled in the communication network. The laws of distribution of message lengths are set taking into account their type: telegraph, fax, speech, etc.

Modeling of processes for ensuring technical readiness during operation of a communication network is carried out in the following sequence.

The main stages of the operation of a communication network, considered as a technical system, are [5, 6, 7]:

intended use;

maintaining readiness for intended use.

When simulating the intended use, the process of the communication network is simulated in accordance with the functional purpose (information transfer). When simulating the stage of maintaining readiness for intended use, the set of works set forth in the operational and repair documentation and aimed at maintaining the communication network in the established degree of readiness (restoration, maintenance, measurement) is simulated.

The simulation of the process of ensuring the technical readiness of the communication network is carried out in the following sequence: the process of using the communication network for its intended purpose is simulated; The process of measuring the main characteristics of a communication network is simulated. If the characteristics of the communication network are not normal, then the simulation of the process of using the communication network is interrupted and the simulation of the process of restoring the communication network begins. After the restoration of the communication network, the simulation of the intended use process resumes.

Simulation of the occurrence of various types of failures, damage and malfunctions of the main elements of communication networks is carried out as follows. Depending on the features of the operation of the communication network (under normal conditions of operation, under emergency conditions, etc.), imitation of the occurrence of operational failures, failures, emergency (combat) damage, etc. At the same time, the modeling of the process of using the communication network for the intended purpose is stopped and the simulation of the process of restoring the communication network begins.

In the event of operational failures and emergency (combat) damage, a “draw” of the degree of damage (weak, medium, severe damage and irretrievable loss) is carried out.

Based on the collection of statistics for all simulated processes, the technical state of the main elements of the communication network is forecasted at various stages of operation and the main indicators of the communication network are calculated: K _g - availability factor, K _og - operational availability coefficient, K _ti - technical use coefficient, P ( t) - the probability of timely service to subscribers of the communication network, the probability of timely restoration of the communication network, the throughput of the used communication directions (inform tional directions of communication).

The scale of the model time is selected.

Determine the amount of implementation (runs) of the model (N) [4]:

,

,

where p is the value of a priori probability, which can be determined by preliminary tests on the model;

- значение аргумента функции Лапласа, при котором вероятность попадания случайной величины

в интервал (-t_α,t_α) равна α;

- the value of the argument of the Laplace function, at which the probability of a random variable

in the interval (-t _α , t _α ) is equal to α;

;ε is the estimation accuracy equal to

;

- оценка математического ожидания, полученная в результате моделирования;

- assessment of the mathematical expectation obtained as a result of modeling;

M (x) is the mathematical expectation of the desired parameter;

.α is the reliability of the assessment, equal to

.

A system for modeling the processes for ensuring the technical readiness of communication networks during technical operation, comprising an input-output and information visualization device in the form of a terminal with a screen, keyboard and mouse, a computing device, an information storage device, a graph model generating device for a conceptual diagram of a complex technological structure (STS) , a device for generating connectivity matrices of the main and reserve connections of STS elements and a device for generating an accident vector, an information storage device, completed in the form of a device for storing and storing information about the concept of STS, a device for storing text messages about operator actions and a device for storing text messages about the final states of STS, and the computing device is made in the form of a device for storing and setting algorithms for processing the accident vector and reconstructing connection matrixes, device control system, operational failure simulation device, emergency damage simulation device, failure simulation device, model device operation of a communication network, a solver, a device for storing information about redundant lines and communication channels, a device for simulating the operation of communication devices, while the outputs of the input-output and information visualization devices are connected to the inputs of devices for setting and storing information about STS, devices for generating a graph model the concept of STS, a device for generating an accident vector and a device for storing and defining algorithms for processing an accident vector and recovering connectivity matrices, a device for generating the accident vector is connected to the STS schematic diagram graph model generation device connected in series with each other, the device for generating connectivity matrices of the main and backup links of the STS elements and the device for storing and setting the accident vector processing and recovery matrix connection algorithms, the outputs of which are connected in parallel through the text storage device messages about the actions of the operator and through the device for storing text messages about the final status of the STS to the input-output device and visual information, the information outputs of the operational failure simulation device are connected to the information inputs of the communication network operation simulation device and the communication equipment operation simulation device, the information outputs of the emergency damage simulation device are connected to the information inputs of the communication network operation simulation device and the communication operation simulation device, and the information outputs fault simulation devices are connected to the information inputs of the communication network operation simulation device, the information output of the communication network operation simulation device is connected to the first information input of the resolver, the information output of the communication device operation simulation device is connected to the second information input of the resolver, the information output of the resolver is connected to the information input of the backup line information storage device and communication channels, the information output of which is connected to the information input The communication network operation simulation device, the data bus from the control device is connected to the data inputs of the input / output and information visualization device, operational failure simulation device, emergency damage simulation device, failure simulation device, first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh the control outputs of the control device are connected respectively to the control inputs of the device for storing information about redundant lines and communication channels of a solving device, ARISING maintenance of communication tools for modeling, simulation operation device communications network failures simulation device, a simulation of emergency damage, operational failures simulation device.

The essence of the inventive modeling system, presented in figure 5, is explained as follows.

Control of modeling various processes of the communication network and its elements is carried out from the keyboard of the input-output device and information visualization 1. Information exchange between the input-output device and information visualization 1 and control device 6 is carried out via the data bus. The control device 6 defines the formation of a pseudo-random sequence (PSP) of the generators of the PSP of the devices for simulating operational failures 7, the devices for modeling emergency failures 8 and the devices for modeling software failures 9. By forming the SRP according to different distribution laws, various kinds of effects can be simulated. Formed SRP come to the device for modeling the operation of the communication network 10 to simulate the functioning of the communication network. Block 10 imitates various processes of the network functioning in the process of using it for its intended purpose. In more detail, these processes are presented by the simulation schemes of various processes in Fig.6, 8. In the device for simulating the operation of communications 13, the simulation of the operation of communications of a simulated network is carried out. The simulation results are sent to the decisive device 11, where the decision is made to restore the elements of the communication network. Information about the backup lines and communication channels is contained in the storage device information about the backup lines and communication channels 12, which allows you to simulate the processes of backup lines and communication channels. In more detail, the recovery processes are described in the circuit of simulating the functioning of the backup subsystem in Fig. 9 and in the circuit of simulating the restoration of network elements by the duty shift in Fig. 10.

Modeling a communication network, its elements involves the formation of a graph model of the concept of a communication network. For this, the modeling system in its composition contains a device for generating a graph-model of a circuit diagram 2. Information about a circuit diagram is stored in a device for specifying and storing information about a circuit diagram 4. The connectivity matrix of the main and backup links of the elements of the simulated network is set in the device for generating connectivity matrices of the main and backup link items 3.

In this case, the control device 6, the device for modeling operational failures 7, the device for modeling accidental failures 8, the device for modeling software failures 9, the device for modeling the operation of the communication network 10, the deciding device 11, the storage device for information about the backup lines and communication channels 12, the device for modeling the operation Communications 13 can be implemented in the form of a digital signal processing system (DSP) 5 based on a microprocessor.

The principle of the DSP system is described in many sources. The closest in its technical essence is the digital signal processing system described in [8].

For the purpose of a more detailed explanation of the modeling system, it is advisable to consider the operation of individual system circuits.

The scheme for ensuring the technical availability of the communication network (Fig.6).

Block 1 simulates the process of using the intended purpose of the object of technical operation (OTE) of the communication network. By objects of technical operation (OTE) we mean devices of a telecommunication network that are connected to each other at sequential and easily identifiable points of the interface, which use the interface conditions defined for these devices and which provide means for detecting events of technical operation and failures [9] . Control is transferred from block 1 to block 2, which calculates the technical readiness indicators. In block 3, the end of the simulation time is checked. Next, in block 4, an imitation of the functioning of the measurement subsystem is carried out. In more detail, the process of functioning of the measurement subsystem is presented in Fig. 8. In block 5, a simulation of the integrity of the connection is simulated. When simulating the integrity of the connection by block 5, the memory block is accessed for information about damaged (failed) elements of the communication network (block 25, Fig. 7). If the connection is broken, then control is transferred to block 7. If not, then to block 6, where the time of normal operation is fixed. In block 7, the communication network failure time is fixed. In block 8, the reliability of the assessment of the technical condition of the OTE of the communication network is calculated. In block 9, a check is made of the possibility of restoring the communication network due to redundancy. If redundancy is possible, then block 12 imitates the functioning of the redundancy subsystem. In more detail, the functioning of the backup subsystem is presented in Fig.9. Next, control is transferred to block 13, where the communication network recovery time is fixed, after which control is transferred to block 1. If backup is not possible, in block 10, a check is made of the possibility of restoring a failed communication medium by a duty shift. If the communication means can be restored by the duty shift, then in block 11 this process is simulated and control is transferred to block 13. In more detail, the process of restoring the OTU by the duty of the shift is presented in Fig. 10. If it is impossible to restore the communication means by the duty shift control, control is transferred to block 14, in which it is checked whether it is possible to restore the failed communication means by the repair crews. If possible, then block 17 simulates the repair process by the repair crews, after which control is transferred to block 13. If it is impossible to repair by the repair crews, block 15 imitates the delivery of a failed communication device to a stationary repair center and in block 16 the recovery process is simulated. Next, control is transferred to block 13.

Scheme of simulation of effects (Fig.7).

The simulation of the effects presented in Fig.7, works as follows. At the beginning, the generation of the time of occurrence of operational failures (block 18), emergency (combat) damage (block 19) and software failures (block 20) is carried out. The randomly “played” values of the time of occurrence of failures and damage are recorded in block 21, where the simulation of determining the degree of damage to elements of communication networks is carried out. Combat damage can be represented by four types (weak, medium, strong and permanent), in which the recovery time after damage and the likelihood of damage are different. In block 22, information is recorded about damaged (failed) elements of communication networks, as well as software failures. Then, a countdown is performed (block 27) and a failure event is checked (damage, failure) (block 23). When a failure (damage, failure) occurs in block 24, the interruption of the integrity of the connection is simulated, and in block 25, the failure of the OTE of the communication networks is fixed.

The simulation circuit of the functioning of the measurement subsystem (Fig).

From block 3, control is supplied to blocks 28 and 34. In block 28, the process of measuring parameters at the joints of the OTF is simulated. In block 29, the process of checking the health of the OTE is simulated. If the OTE is operational, then control is transferred to block 30, if not, to block 32. In block 30, the occurrence of errors of the first kind is simulated. If errors do not occur, then control is transferred to block 25, if they occur, then block 1 carries out fixing of errors of the first kind, after which control is transferred to block 25.

In block 32, the occurrence of errors of the 2nd kind is simulated. If they do not appear, then control is transferred to block 25, if they appear, then in block 33 they are fixed and then control is transferred to block 25.

In block 34, the process of forecasting the technical condition of the OTE of communication networks is simulated. In block 35, a check is made of the probability of occurrence of possible failures after a certain time. If the OTE fails after a certain time, then block 36 simulates the occurrence of errors of the first kind. If errors of the first kind do not occur, then control is transferred to block 1. If they occur, then to block 37, where these errors are recorded and then control is transferred to block 1, block 40 and 41. In block 40, the reliability of the technical condition is estimated. elements of communication networks in forecasting.

If the OTE does not fail after a certain time, then block 38 simulates the occurrence of errors of the second kind. If errors of the second kind do not occur, then control is transferred to block 1, if they occur, then errors of the second kind are recorded in block 39. After that, control is transferred to block 1 and to blocks 40 and 41. In block 41, the preliminary switching process is simulated communication lines (channels, means) that may fail, to backup.

The circuit simulating the functioning of the backup subsystem (Fig.9).

When transferring control from block 9 to block 42, the presence of independent workarounds organized along independent routes is checked. If there are any, control is transferred to block 43, if not, to block 44. In block 43, the backup process is simulated by introducing workarounds along independent routes. At block 44, a check for backup transmission paths is simulated. If redundant paths are available, then in block 45 the backup process is simulated by redundant paths. If they are not, then in block 46 the backup process is simulated by redundant communication channels. From blocks 43, 45 and 46, control is transferred to block 13.

Scheme simulating the restoration of network elements by the duty shift (figure 10).

When transferring control from block 10 to block 47, the process of diagnosing communication means by the duty shift is simulated. At a block 48, a repair is checked. If repair is possible, then in block 49 the process of repair by the duty shift is simulated. If repair is not possible, then in block 50 the process of replacing a failed communication medium with a backup one is simulated. From blocks 49 and 50, control is transferred to block 13.

The proposed method and the modeling system that implements it eliminates or significantly reduces the disadvantages of these analogues, including expanding the functionality of technical solutions to simulate the operation of the communication network in various modes, while the degree of damage to the elements of the communication network is modeled, various types of failures, failures and emergency (combat) damage to the facility, the calculation of the technical readiness coefficients and their comparison with the required ones, the method has high accuracy of determination of the technical state of the object. Thus, the technical result of the claimed method is achieved.

Information sources

1. The Federal Law "On Communications", 1993.

2. RF patent No. 2213372, cl. G06F 1/00, 1998.

3. RF patent №2252453, cl. G06N 1/00, 2004.

4. Ivanov EV. Simulation of means and complexes of communication and automation. SPb .: YOU, 1992 .-- 206 p.

5. GOST 25866-83. Operation of equipment. Terms and Definitions. M .: Publishing house of standards. 1983 year

6. Bulgak VB, Varakin L.E. Fundamentals of communication management of the Russian Federation / Edited by Krupnov A.E., Varakina L.E. M .: Radio and communication. 1998 .-- 184 p.

7. Zelentsov V.A., Gachin A.A. Reliability, survivability and maintenance of communication networks. USSR Ministry of Defense, 1991 .-- 169 p.

8. Lanne A.A. Digital signal processor TMS 32010 and its application. - L .: YOU, 1990

9. ITU Recommendation M.60. Technical operation: maintenance and general principles of technical operation and organization of technical operation. Terms and definitions related to technical operation.

Claims (2)

1. A method for modeling the processes of ensuring the technical readiness of communication networks during technical operation includes: determining the circuit characteristics of the elements of a complex technological structure (STS), establishing their relationship, dividing all the connections between all the elements of the STS schematic diagram into main and backup, setting an arbitrary combination of damage to the STS elements , the determination of the values of the accident rate indicator of the state of relations between the elements of the STS, in the case of inequality of this indicator to zero June, restoration of the STS operability, changing it by replacing damaged connections with backup ones, determining the value of the STS operability restoration rate and generating a forecast of the state of the changed STS, characterized in that the structure of the communication network is described, the process of technical readiness during the operation of the communication network is simulated, various types of failures are simulated, damage and malfunction of the main elements of communication networks, ensuring the technical readiness of communication networks is modeled at several levels, By the way, at the first (operational) level, technical readiness is modeled by introducing redundant communication lines (channels), at the second (operational-technical) level, technical readiness is modeled by introducing redundant communications, and at the third (technical) level, technical readiness is modeled due to the restoration of failed (damaged) communications, statistics are collected and forecasting the technical condition of the main elements of communication networks, Calculation of the main indicators of the functioning of communication networks. 2. A system for modeling the processes for ensuring the technical readiness of communication networks during technical operation, comprising an input-output and information visualization device in the form of a terminal with a screen, keyboard and mouse, a computing device, an information storage device, a graph model generating device for a conceptual diagram of a complex technological structure ( STS), a device for the formation of connectivity matrices of the main and backup links of the STS elements and a device for generating an accident vector, an information storage device performed in the form of a device for storing and storing information about the concept of STS, a device for storing text messages about operator actions and a device for storing text messages about the final conditions of STS, and the computing device is made in the form of a device for storing and setting algorithms for processing the accident vector and reconstructing connection matrices, the outputs of the input-output and information visualization devices are connected to the inputs of the devices for setting and storing information about the STS, the device for generating the graph model STS basic scheme, accident vector generation device and storage device and setting algorithms for accident vector processing and restoration of connectivity matrices, accident vector generation device is connected to a graphical model generating model of the STS basic circuit diagram, formation device, connectivity matrices of the main and backup links STS elements and a device for storing and defining algorithms for processing an accident vector and reconstructing connectivity matrices whose outputs are connected in parallel through a storage device for text messages about operator actions and through a storage device for text messages about the final conditions of STS to an input / output and information visualization device, characterized in that a control device, a device for simulating operational failures, a device for modeling emergency damage, and a device are additionally introduced into it simulation of software failures, communication network operation simulation device, solving device, information storage device about redundant lines and communication channels, a device for simulating the operation of communications equipment, while the information outputs of the device for simulating operational failures are connected to the information inputs of a device for simulating the operation of a communication network and device for simulating the operation of communications, the information outputs of a simulator of emergency damage are connected to the information inputs of the device communication networks and devices for modeling the operation of communications, and information These outputs of the software failure simulation device are connected to the information inputs of the communication network operation simulation device, the information output of the communication network operation simulation device is connected to the first information input of the solving device, the information output of the communication operation modeling device, is connected to the second information input of the solving device the device is connected to the information input of the information storage device redundant communication lines and communication channels, the information output of which is connected to the information input of a communication network operation simulation device, the data bus from the control device is connected to the data inputs of an input-output and information visualization device, operational failure simulation device, emergency damage simulation device, software failure simulation device means, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh control outputs of the control device are connected respectively specifically to the control inputs of a device for storing information about backup lines and communication channels, a resolving device, a device for simulating the operation of communication devices, a device for simulating the operation of a communication network, a device for simulating software failures, a device for modeling emergency failures, and a device for simulating operational failures.

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